Condition: good (used), Year of construction: 1975, overall weight: 6,000 kg, total width: 1,800 mm, total length: 5,000 mm, total height: 2,900 mm, sheet thickness (max.): 12 mm, Flanging and dishing machine Schleiffstein - KbOL 3012 Tank Head Manufacturing  Godpezz Ipgofx Amyjkb Dishing and Flanging machine up to 12 mm in 260 Nm/mm2 Forming roll optional for sale Radius 50 / 70 / 100 / 150 / 200 / 250 / 300 Fully hydraulic machine Field off aplication heads, bottoms for vessel, tanks, beverage manufacturing tanks, beer tanks Torispherical heads Ellipsoidal heads Spherical bottoms Dished bottem tank construction Flat bottems Sperical dished bottoms Cones     Max. workpiece: 6500Ø Maximum sheet thickness: 12mm Max. dishing radius: 300mm Min. product Ø: 300 Min. plate thickness: 2mm Min. dishing radius: 50mm Max height on dishing side:350mm Working speed: 0 - 5000mm/min. Power: 20kW Length: 5000mm Width: 1800mm Height: 2900mm Weight: 6000kg Please Note: The information on this page has been obtained to the best of our ability and belief, and from the manufacturers where possible. It is given in good faith, but its accuracy can not be guaranteed. Accordingly, it will not form a representation or constitute contractual terms. We advise you to check any vital details!

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2011, total width: 680 mm, total length: 1,215 mm, total height: 1,730 mm, overall weight: 504 kg, Eckold Kraftformers Piccolo Walter Eckold - KF 324 MACH-ID 9806 Make: Walter Eckold Type: KF 324 Gkedpfx Amezzwfkeyjb Year: 2011 Eckold Kraftformer; motorised machine for Shrinking, Stretching, Doming, Planishing, Reforming, Flattening, Straightening For Aircraft production and Maintenance. For Car body shop specialists For Artisans and Craftmen Equipped with tool storage shelf in side column Machine equipped for tooling: FWR 402S FWA 403S   Number of strokes: 400Min. Maximum sheet thickness: 2.0mm Horizontal troath: 340mm Vertical troath: 245mm Max. thickness Stainles: 1.5mm Max. thickness Aluminium: 2.5mm Motorised ram adjustment: 32 Manuel / Hand ram adjustment:Handwheel Power: 2.0kW Length: 1215mm Width: 680mm Height: 1730mm Weight: 504kg Please Note: The information on this page has been obtained to the best of our ability and belief, and from the manufacturers where possible. It is given in good faith, but its accuracy can not be guaranteed. Accordingly, it will not form a representation or constitute contractual terms. We advise you to check any vital details!

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2020, operating hours: 2,018 h, total length: 4,000 mm, total width: 2,300 mm, total height: 2,850 mm, Colour: Grey Weight: 10.520 kg Price: On request - Year: 2020 - Documentation available: Yes - CE marking present: Yes - CE certificate present: No - Serial number: 73332015912 - Operating hours: 2018 - Drive system: CNC - Power [kW]: 18.5 - Press force [ton]: 175 - Max. working width [mm]: 3100 - Column gap [mm]: 2500 - Backgauge depth [mm]: 600 - Max. stroke [mm]: 195 - Tools included: Yes - Transport dimensions: 4000mm x 2300mm x 2850mm (l x w x h) - Transport weight [kg]: 10520kg - Transport packages [pcs.]: 1 Financial information VAT: The price shown is exclusive of VAT Gsdpsyypfiofx Amyokb VAT/margin: VAT deductible for entrepreneurs Delivery and trade-in always possible for everything in the industrial sectors Lukas van Rossum

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2019, total length: 3,750 mm, total width: 1,900 mm, total height: 2,900 mm, Colour: Cream Weight: 12.620 kg Price: On request - Details: - └ Description: Machine errors. Cannot reference axes. Needs repair. - Year: 2019 - Documentation available: No - CE marking present: Yes - CE certificate present: No - Serial number: 73431915241 - Drive system: CNC - Control system brand: Delem - Control system type: DA-66T - Power [kW]: 22.0 - Number of axes [pcs]: 6: Y1+Y2+X+R+Z1+Z2 - Press force [ton]: 220 - Max. working width [mm]: 3050 - Column gap [mm]: 2500 Gkjdpfx Amjzzb I Aeyeb - Max. stroke [mm]: 265 - Crowning system: CNC-controlled - Punch holder: Hydraulic - Tool holder type: WILA-standard - Tools included: Yes - Options: Finger safety guard, Angle measuring system - Transport dimensions: 3750mm x 1900mm x 2900mm (l x w x h) - Transport weight [kg]: 12620kg - Transport packages [pcs.]: 1 Financial information VAT: The price shown is exclusive of VAT VAT/margin: VAT deductible for entrepreneurs Delivery and trade-in always possible for everything in the industrial sectors Lukas van Rossum

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 1988, total width: 810 mm, total length: 1,700 mm, total height: 1,700 mm, overall weight: 1,250 kg, Eckold Kraftformer; motorised machine for Shrinking, Stretching, Doming, Planishing, Reforming, Flattening, Straightening Machine equipped for tooling: FWR1307 FWA 1306 FWA 802T FWA 1002T LFA 120S LFA155T Number of strokes: 300 / 600Min. Maximum sheet thickness:4.0mm Horizontal troath: 460mm Gedpfx Aezzmtkjmyekb Vertical troath: 475mm Max. thickness Stainles:2.0mm Max. thickness Aluminium:5.0mm Motorised ram adjustment:0 - 60 Power: 3.0kW Length: 1700mm Width: 810mm Height: 1700mm Weight: 1250kg Please Note: The information on this page has been obtained to the best of our ability and belief, and from the manufacturers where possible. It is given in good faith, but its accuracy can not be guaranteed. Accordingly, it will not form a representation or constitute contractual terms. We advise you to check any vital details!

Condition: used, total length: 3,700 mm, total width: 1,600 mm, total height: 1,700 mm, Colour: Grey Weight: 4.500 kg - Documentation available: Yes Godeymbhzopfx Amyskb - └ Type Documentation: Technical data, User manual - CE certificate present: No - Drive system: Conventional - Drive type: Hydraulic - Power [kW]: 7.5 - Max. sheet thickness [mm]: 6 - Max. working width [mm]: 3050 - Backgauge type: Electric - Backgauge depth [mm]: 750 - Sheet support system: None - Finger guard: Fixed - Angle adjustment: Motorized - Blade gap adjustment: Manual - Table type: Standard table - Transport dimensions: 3700mm x 1600mm x 1700mm (l x w x h) - Transport weight [kg]: 4500kg - Transport packages [pcs.]: 1 Financial information VAT: The price shown is exclusive of VAT VAT/margin: VAT deductible for entrepreneurs Delivery and trade-in always possible for everything in the industrial sectors Lukas van Rossum

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2020, total length: 2,450 mm, total width: 1,900 mm, total height: 2,140 mm, Weight: 5.500 kg - Year: 2020 - Documentation available: Yes - CE marking present: Yes - CE certificate present: No - Drive system: CNC - Control system brand: Delem - Control system type: DA-41s - Power [kW]: 4.0 - Number of axes [pcs]: 4: Y1+Y2+X+R - Press force [ton]: 40 - Max. working width [mm]: 2000 - Column gap [mm]: 1800 - Throat depth [mm]: 200 - Backgauge depth [mm]: 750 - Max. stroke [mm]: 100 - Crowning system: None - Punch holder: Quick-release - Tool holder type: European-style - Tools included: Yes - Options: Finger safety guard - Transport dimensions: 2450mm x 1900mm x 2140mm (l x w x h) - Transport weight [kg]: 5500kg - Transport packages [pcs.]: 2 Financial information VAT: The price shown is exclusive of VAT VAT/margin: VAT deductible for entrepreneurs Delivery and trade-in always possible for everything in the industrial sectors Lukas van Rossum Gsdezr Inwepfx Amyskb

Condition: used, Year of construction: 1981, total length: 3,750 mm, total width: 2,250 mm, total height: 1,700 mm, Colour: Grey Weight: 5.500 kg Gkjdpfxjyf Hhwo Amyeb - Year: 1981 - Documentation available: No - CE certificate present: No - Serial number: B5896 - Drive system: Conventional - Drive type: Hydraulic - Power [kW]: 11.0 - Max. sheet thickness [mm]: 6 - Max. working width [mm]: 3100 - Backgauge type: Electric - Backgauge depth [mm]: 1100 - Sheet support system: None - Finger guard: Fixed - Angle adjustment: Manual - Blade gap adjustment: Manual - Table type: Standard table - Transport dimensions: 3750mm x 2250mm x 1700mm (l x w x h) - Transport weight [kg]: 5500kg - Transport packages [pcs.]: 1 Financial information VAT: The price shown is exclusive of VAT VAT/margin: VAT deductible for entrepreneurs Delivery and trade-in always possible for everything in the industrial sectors Lukas van Rossum

Condition: used, Year of construction: 1994, total length: 3,400 mm, total width: 1,800 mm, total height: 2,600 mm, Colour: Grey Weight: 10.400 kg Price: On request - Year: 1994 - Documentation available: No - CE certificate present: No - Serial number: 1776 - Drive system: Conventional - Power [kW]: 22.0 - Number of axes [pcs]: 3: Y1+Y2+X - Press force [ton]: 220 - Max. working width [mm]: 3050 - Column gap [mm]: 2620 - Backgauge depth [mm]: 800 - Max. stroke [mm]: 240 - Crowning system: None - Punch holder: Standard - Tool holder type: European-style - Tools included: Yes Gjdpeybdtcjfx Amyjkb - Options: Digital readout - Transport dimensions: 3400mm x 1800mm x 2600mm (l x w x h) - Transport weight [kg]: 10400kg - Transport packages [pcs.]: 1 Financial information VAT: The price shown is exclusive of VAT VAT/margin: VAT deductible for entrepreneurs Delivery and trade-in always possible for everything in the industrial sectors Lukas van Rossum

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2019, total length: 5,100 mm, total width: 2,300 mm, total height: 2,400 mm, Weight: 10.470 kg With Pneumatic sheet-support - Year: 2019 - Documentation available: No - CE marking present: Yes - CE certificate present: No - Serial number: 6922191908 - Drive system: CNC - Control system brand: Cybelec - Control system type: D-Touch-7 - Drive type: Hydraulic - Power [kW]: 11.0 - Max. sheet thickness [mm]: 6 Gkodpow E H Sqsfx Amysb - Max. working width [mm]: 4100 - Backgauge depth [mm]: 1000 - Transport dimensions: 5100mm x 2300mm x 2400mm (l x w x h) - Transport weight [kg]: 10470kg - Transport packages [pcs.]: 1 Financial information VAT: The price shown is exclusive of VAT VAT/margin: VAT deductible for entrepreneurs Delivery and trade-in always possible for everything in the industrial sectors Lukas van Rossum

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2000, Empty weight: 22.000 kg Working width: 1500mm Working length: 2160mm Max. thickness: 2mm With Supply-station infeed. - Year: 2000 - Documentation available: Yes - CE marking present: Yes - CE certificate present: No - Serial number: 12/50 - Drive system: CNC - Power [kW]: 18.0 - Max. sheet thickness [mm]: 2 Gksdpfjzrd Iajx Amyob - Max. working width [mm]: 1500 - Options: Loading system - Transport weight [kg]: 22000kg Financial information VAT: The price shown is exclusive of VAT VAT/margin: VAT deductible for entrepreneurs Delivery and trade-in always possible for everything in the industrial sectors Lukas van Rossum

Condition: good (used), Year of construction: 1983, 1 used SCHLEICHER strip straightening machine with unwinding reel Maximum sheet width: 320 mm Minimum sheet thickness: 0.8 mm (the customer has also processed sheets with a thickness of 0.4 mm) Gkodpezphaujfx Amyjb Maximum sheet thickness: 3 mm Number of upper straightening rollers: 3 Number of lower straightening rollers: 3 Diameter of the straightening rollers: 70 mm Total power consumption: 1.4 kW Machine dimensions L x W x H: approx. 1300 x 1200 x 1800 mm Machine weight: approx. 1000 kg Siegfried Volz Machine Tools Rüschebrinkstr. 151-153 DE - 44143 Dortmund - Wambel / Germany

Condition: ready for operation (used), Year of construction: 2009, pressure 170 t chamfer lenght 3170 mm distance between columns 2700 mm column arm 420 mm dayligth 620 mm stroke 350 mm ajustment speed 160 mm/sec working feed 10.0 mm/sec return speed 100 mm/sec oil volume 280 L 0 300 bar controlled axis 7 Anzahl Number of working hours ca. 51.500 h total power requirement 16.5 KW weight of the machine ca. 12700 kg range L-W-H 4550 x 2650 x 3150 mm "LONG STROKE" special version Excellent condition (!!) Original price approx. 200.000 Euro Special price on request Gkodpfszz S D Iex Amyeb ----- "LONG STROKE" electro-hydraulic press brake featuring: * Increased daylight opening (installation height) = 620 mm * Increased cylinder stroke = 350 mm ----- Equipment: - Electro-hydraulic CNC press brake - AMADA CNC control "AMNC" - 7 axes (X1+X2, Y1+Y2, R, Z1+Z2) * Swiveling control unit - front left * Touchscreen control panel * Tool & program library * Incl. handheld control unit for manual axis movement - CNC-controlled backgauge adjustment (X1+X2) * Adjustment range .. 700 mm * Adjustment speed .. 500 mm/sec. - CNC-controlled vertical adjustment of gauge fingers (R-axis) * Adjustment range .. 250 mm * Adjustment speed .. 160 mm/sec. - CNC-controlled left-right adjustment of gauge fingers (Z1+Z2) * Adjustment speed .. 1000 mm/sec. - AMADA manual upper tool clamping system * Type: WILSON TOOLS Express * Vertical tool loading/unloading possible * Incl. 1x set of sectional ROLLERI upper tools * "TOP 175.60.R2" ... H 143.8 + 30 mm / 60 degrees - AMADA lower tool holder * Incl. sectional / reversible 4V die * V-openings: 16/32/35/50 mm - FIESSLER laser safety system (front of machine) * Motorized adjustment * Model series: "AKAS III 150" - Side safety guards (swinging doors) - Rear safety guard (swinging door) - 1x movable dual foot pedal - Front emergency stop button - Original operating manual

Condition: used, Year of construction: 1997, total length: 4,200 mm, total width: 2,200 mm, total height: 2,000 mm, Colour: Cream Weight: 13.500 kg Cutting bench, cutting shear, Guillotine shear Type: Hydraulic Type: Conventional Manufacturer: Safan Type: HVR 430-6 Year: 1997 Gkjdpfxszlytlj Amysb Max. working width: 4300mm Max. sheet thickness: 6mm Electric backgauge 1000mm + stacking-station Motor-power: 15kW Machine-dimensions: 5200x2200x2000mm Machine-weight: 13500kg - Year: 1997 - Documentation available: Yes - CE marking present: Yes - CE certificate present: No - Drive system: Conventional - Drive type: Hydraulic - Power [kW]: 15.0 - Max. sheet thickness [mm]: 6 - Max. working width [mm]: 4300 - Backgauge type: Electric - Backgauge depth [mm]: 1000 - Sheet support system: Pneumatic - Finger guard: Fixed - Angle adjustment: Motorized - Blade gap adjustment: Motorized - Table type: Ball-bearing table - Options: Digital readout - Transport dimensions: 4200mm x 2200mm x 2000mm (l x w x h) - Transport weight [kg]: 13500kg - Transport packages [pcs.]: 1 Financial information VAT: The price shown is exclusive of VAT VAT/margin: VAT deductible for entrepreneurs Delivery and trade-in always possible for everything in the industrial sectors Lukas van Rossum

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2007, total length: 3,550 mm, total width: 1,800 mm, total height: 2,800 mm, Colour: Grey Weight: 10.000 kg - Year: 2007 - Documentation available: Yes - CE marking present: Yes - CE certificate present: Yes Gsdpfx Amszrxftoyskb - Serial number: 11520 - Drive system: CNC - Control system brand: Baykal - Control system type: EC4-CNC - Power [kW]: 11.0 - Number of axes [pcs]: 3: Y1+Y2+X - Press force [ton]: 150 - Max. working width [mm]: 3100 - Column gap [mm]: 2550 - Max. stroke [mm]: 260 - Crowning system: CNC-controlled - Punch holder: Quick-release - Tool holder type: European-style - Transport dimensions: 3550mm x 1800mm x 2800mm (l x w x h) - Transport weight [kg]: 10000kg - Transport packages [pcs.]: 1 Financial information VAT: The price shown is exclusive of VAT VAT/margin: VAT deductible for entrepreneurs Delivery and trade-in always possible for everything in the industrial sectors Lukas van Rossum

Condition: used, Year of construction: 1989, total length: 3,500 mm, total width: 1,800 mm, total height: 2,200 mm, Weight: 9.000 kg Manufacturer: Safan Type: VS 310-10 Cutting width: 3100mm Max. Thickness: 10mm Motor-power: 15kW Machine indicated cutting line, but is without backgauge. - Year: 1989 - Documentation available: No - CE certificate present: No - Transport dimensions: 3500mm x 1800mm x 2200mm (l x w x h) - Transport weight [kg]: 9000kg Financial information Gsdpswnhivofx Amyjkb VAT: The price shown is exclusive of VAT VAT/margin: VAT deductible for entrepreneurs Delivery and trade-in always possible for everything in the industrial sectors Lukas van Rossum

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2004, AMADA MODEL HFE 103-3 100 tons capacity x 3000 bending length hydraulic downstroking press brake complete with OP 2000 7 AXIS cnc control, ERWIN SICK machine mounted electronic guards , side and rear interlocked fencing Model Amada HFE 100-3 downstroke CNC Press brake Year 2004 Tonnage 1000 KN Type OP 2000 CNC Controlled Axis Y1, Y2, X, R1 R2 Z1 Z2 Max. Bend Length 3000 mm Open height 470 mm Stroke Length 200 mm Approach Speed 100 mm/sec Bending Speed 1 - 10 mm/sec Return Speed 1-100 mm/sec Oil Capacity 110 LITRES Motor Power 11 kw Weight 6800 KG kg CNC Control Backgauge Stoke (X axis) 700 mm/s Max gauge 1000mm R axis 250mm can be demonstrated under power Gjdpjyt H Awofx Amyjkb BROCHURE AND FURTHER INFORATION AVAILABLE UPON REQUEST

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2018, 2018 Prima Power Platino Fiber PLTF 1530 CNC Laser Cutting Machine With O.M.S Sordella Pallet Loading System with Siemens Touch Simatic HMI With IPG Laser YLS-4000 4,000 Watt high Power Laser. Working Area 'X'=3,048mm, 'Y'=1,524mm. Maximum Table Load 1,050kg. Axis Travel 'X'=3,065mm, 'Y'=1,565mm, 'Z'=150mm. Maximum Feed 'X,Y'=100m/min, Trajectory 'X, Y'=140m/min. Trajectory Acceleration 17m/s2. Positioning Accuracy (Pa) & Repeatability (Ps) According To VDI/DGQ 3441 Standards* 'X, Y'=0.03mm. Working Hours 57,510. S/No. P5.03.00.01 (2018). Pallet Loading Capacity 10 Pallets, Maximum Weight On Loading System 3,300kg. Gedpfezvc I Hox Amyekb With Sick M4000 Safety Light Curtain, Cosmotec Chiller Unit, Chiller Unit, Internal Camera & Manual. Overall Dimensions L10,600 x W3,450 x H2,185mm. Weight 10,000kg. Note: Machine Has Full Service History Records Since Purchase 2018.

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2002, machine/vehicle number: 81511, functionality: fully functional, overall weight: 25,000 kg, bending force (max.): 225 t, control type: CNC control, Equipment: european tool clamping system, Used HACO press brake ERMS432225, year of manufacture 2002, serial no. 81511 Godpfx Amjyml D Toyskb

Condition: used, Year of construction: 1989, functionality: fully functional, overall weight: 50,000 kg, working width: 8,000 mm, bending force (max.): 400 t, control type: CNC control, Eccentric press from HACO, model PPES 70400, year of manufacture 1989. The machine has a nominal pressing force of approx. 400 tons and is suitable for various pressing and forming operations on sheet material. Equipped with a mechanical eccentric drive and robust construction, designed for industrial use. Suitable for production and assembly work in an industrial environment. Machine is offered in used condition. Gksdpfxjyhxtzs Amyeb

Condition: used, Year of construction: 1998, machine/vehicle number: 40225, functionality: fully functional, bending force (max.): 225 t, control type: CNC control, actuation type: hydraulic, Hydraulic CNC press brake from the brand HACO, model 40225, year of manufacture 1998. The machine has a nominal pressing force of approx. 225 tons and a working width of approx. 4,000 mm. Equipped with CNC control and electric backgauge, suitable for precise bending of steel and other sheet materials. Features European tool clamping system. Suitable for heavy-duty sheet metal processing in an industrial environment. The machine is offered in used condition. Gksdpjyhxtusfx Amysb

Condition: good (used), Year of construction: 2004, pressure capacity max. 30.0 t Gedpozzrfrofx Amyokb bending capacity - flat iron ca. 120 x 20 mm stroke 0 - 200 mm stroke speed 10.0 mm/sek table surface area 1090 x 625 mm work height max. 960 mm engine output 5.5 kW weight 400 kg range L-W-H 1100 x 800 x 1000 mm Original price: approx. 17.000 euros Special price upon request Features: - Robust electro-hydraulic horizontal bending machine - Large worktable: 1090 x 625 mm - Adjustable travel range of the bending slide * via handwheel, with analog display - Adjustable retraction of the bending slide * via handwheel - Side storage shelves - Various insert/bending tools - 1 freely movable foot switch - Control cabinet - front-mounted * incl. emergency stop button

Condition: ready for operation (used), sheet width 2025 mm plate thickness 3.0 mm distance between columns 2050 mm no. of strokes 38 Hub/min cutting angle 1.38 ° Control konv. total power requirement 4.0 kW weight of the machine ca. 1100 kg dimensions of the machine ca. 2299 x 2000 x 1130 mm Current new price: approx. 20.000 euros From a maintenance workshop Special price available upon request Features: - Robust / high-performance electromechanical sheet metal shear Gkodpfx Ajzzrflomyeb - Manual material backgauge * Infinitely variable adjustment range * Adjustment from the rear - via handwheel * Includes mm scale - 1x side stop - 3x front support arms - 1x freely movable foot switch - rear sheet metal chute - front sheet metal removal for smaller workpieces - digital piece counter - control cabinet - mounted on the front left

Condition: good (used), *Description:* ZOPF RS 302 three-roller bending machine, manufactured in 1990. German-made. Manual machine mounted on a base for bending round, square, flat, and shaped steel, stainless steel, and aluminum tubes. Mounted on a metal frame with integrated storage. Complete machine with rollers. Ideal for locksmithing, sheet metal work, and guardrail fabrication. Gsdpfxszxhh Re Amyokb *Specifications:* - *Brand / Model*: ZOPF RS 302 9048 L - *Year*: 1990 - *Type*: Manual three-roller bending machine - *Adjustment*: Upper roller adjustable by handwheel - *Mounting*: On a steel base with doors - *Safety*: Emergency stop - *Equipment*: Set of rollers included *Condition:* Good overall condition. Machine is visible and operational. Video available upon request.

Condition: new, plate thickness max. 5.0 mm tube diameter 27.9 - 61.0 mm motor 400 Volt total power requirement 2.2 kW weight of the machine ca. 93.0 kg. The AL1-2U electric pipe notcher is started at the push of a button, and the pipe notcher is driven continuously. This means you can continually work on new parts without having to switch the machine on again each time. With the electrically driven AL1-2U pipe notcher you can notch pipe outer diameters of Ø 26.9 (3/4?), Ø 33.7 (1?), Ø 42.4 (1 ¼"), Ø 48.3 (1 ½"), Ø 60.3 (2?). This pipe notcher is also suitable for notching a zinc outlet in round and rectangular metal pipes. You can notch pipe outer diameters of ø 20.0 -60.3. Do you often notch pipes? Then the electrically driven pipe notcher AL1-2U with the 2.2 kW electric motor is just the thing for you. The motor forms a unit with the special eccentric shaft that drives the notching tool. The motor is also equipped with an on/off switch with 0-voltage protection and a protective cap. Equipment: - electro-motor pipe notching machine Gkedsxaadmopfx Amysb - including notching station for zinc run-out notches - for pipes 27.9 - 34.8 - 42.8 - 49.0 and 61.0 mm - operating instructions