Used Double Sided Planer for sale (25,468)

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2001, functionality: fully functional, machine/vehicle number: 92552, working width: 230 mm, planing height: 120 mm, working height: 120 mm, spindle diameter: 40 mm, power of feed motor: 1,500 W, 🪚 2001 Weinig Quattromat 23P Planer Moulder – Industrial Performance in Very Good Condition Now available for sale: a 2001 Weinig Quattromat 23P, one of the industry’s most reliable and compact 4-sided planing and moulding machines, ideal for workshops producing mouldings, profiles, cladding, architraves, and more. This unit is in very good condition, fully operational, and perfect for businesses looking to increase productivity with a trusted European-built planer moulder. ✅ Key Features – Weinig Quattromat 23P Year of Manufacture: 2001 Condition: Very Good – well-maintained, and ready to run Working Width: 13 to 230 mm Working Height: 6 to 120 mm Number of Spindles: 4 Spindle Diameter: 40 mm Spindle Speed: 6,000 rpm Feed Speed: Variable up to 20 m/min Power: Approx. 21 kW combined spindle power Infeed Table: 1,800 mm Pneumatic Pressure System: For consistent timber hold-down Digital Readouts: For quick and accurate spindle positioning Straightening spindle motor: 4 - 7.5 KW (5.5 - 10 HP) Vertical spindles motor: 5.5 - 11 KW (7.5 - 15 HP) Top spindle motor: 4 - 11 KW (5.5 - 15 HP) Feed motor: 1.5 KW (2 HP) Spindle speed: 6,000 rpm Spindle diameter: 40 mm Tool cutting circles of moulding spindles: 125 - 200 mm Adjustment range of spindles (axial): 30 mm Adjustment range of straightening spindle: 5 mm Feed speed: 8 m/min. Feed roller diameter: 140 mm Feed roller width: 2 x 50 mm Width of roller in the outfeed table: 50 mm Adjustment range of straightening table and edge-jointing fence: 10 mm Height of right fences: 60 mm Length of straightening table: 2 m Reference engraver with cutter: Yes Pneumatic pressure for feed rollers: Yes Pneumatic adjustment of infeed roller in front of 1st bottom spindle: Yes Pressure roller from above and left in front of machine infeed: Yes 🛠️ Machine Capabilities 4-sided planing for smooth and dimensionally accurate timber Profile moulding (e.g. tongue & groove, chamfering, rebating, etc.) Batch production of window, door, or cladding components Compact footprint – ideal for smaller workshops or mobile production lines Easy spindle access and minimal setup time 📦 Included with Machine Weinig Quattromat 23P base unit Dust extraction ports Original manuals and operator instructions Fully tested, serviced, and ready for production 🪵 Perfect For: Joinery workshops Timber frame manufacturers Furniture makers Giodpfxownr Ens Admol Shed and fencing producers Custom millwork and architectural moulding shops 📍 Availability & Delivery The machine is in stock now and available for immediate inspection and dispatch. We offer delivery across Ireland, UK and Europe. 📞 Contact Us Today Boost your timber processing capabilities with this robust and accurate Weinig Quattromat 23P. Weinig Quattromat 23P for sale Used Weinig planer moulder in very good condition 4-side planer moulder woodworking machine Industrial wood planer for moulding production Compact planer moulder for small workshops Weinig planing and profiling machine UK / Ireland / Europe Second-hand Weinig machinery for woodworking

Condition: used, machine/vehicle number: 008121, Type of edging: Thin edge, Thick edge, Solid wood Gluing System: PUR Corner Rounding Unit: yes Gjdpfx Aew Idhtedmsil Max Panel Width: 3000 mm Max feed speed: 32 m/min Operating Units Right Side: 10 nr Operating Units Left Side: 10 nr

Condition: used, Year of construction: 1978, pressure 150 t stroke fix 80 mm no. of strokes 30 - 150 /min distance between columns 930 mm dayligth (stroke and adjustment up) 400 mm column travel -side 650 mm table surface area 880x1300 / 1500x600 mm Gedpsvut Urjfx Admjil hole in the table 760 x 180 mm table height over floor 1270 mm ram surface 920x1000 / 1300x600 mm Weight 27,5 t dimensions of the machine ca. 3,1 x 1,8 x 4,3 mxmxm permitted for automatic mode according to the German Safety Regulations (UVV) with infinitely variable drive, pneumatic clutch/brake combination, fix stroke, motoric ram adjustment, pneumatic counterbalance in ram, centralized lubrication, WITHOUT feeder as is where is, WITHOUT putting into operation Price for commissioning (with new electric control) on request

Condition: excellent (used), CATALOG NUMBER 7679 TECHNICAL DATA - Maximum planing width: 610 mm - Maximum planing height, double-sided: 200 mm - Electrically adjustable table height (up/down) - Maximum planing height, four-sided: 100 mm Top section: - Driven infeed shaft, toothed - Kickback devices - Pressure unit - 2 driven shafts, toothed - Pressure unit - 610 mm planing shaft, 4-knife, 7.5 kW - Pressure unit - Outfeed driven shaft, smooth Bottom section: - Guide bar - Driven roller, toothed - 610 mm planing shaft, 4-knife, 5.5 kW - 2 smooth driven rollers Rear section: - 2 side spindles with pressure unit 1) Right vertical, 100 mm, 4 kW 2) Left vertical, 100 mm, 4 kW - Spindle diameter: 35 mm - Spindles adjustable vertically and horizontally - Manual planing width adjustment - 6 feed rates: 7 / 9 / 11.5 / 14 / 18 / 23 m/min - Feed motor: 3.1 kW - Dimensions (L/W/H): 2500 x 1800 x 600 mm - Weight: approx. 3000 kg FEATURES Gisdpfx Adjwtp U Romel - Perfect for log, flooring, and similar applications - Manufactured by German brand KUPFERMUHLE - 2 horizontal planing shafts + 2 vertical spindles - Used planer, in very good condition Net price: 56,900 PLN Net price: 13,550 EUR (based on an exchange rate of 4.2 EUR) (Prices may vary with exchange rate fluctuations)

Condition: used, Year of construction: 1996, functionality: fully functional, working width: 180 mm, planing height: 120 mm, planing width: 180 mm, We are offering this used Weinig Quattromat 18 four-sided planer, year of manufacture 1996, ready for immediate operation. Godpfxox Rvr De Admjil If you have any questions or need further information, please feel free to send us a message or give us a call.

Condition: like new (used), Year of construction: 2022, x-travel 2500 mm y-travel 3500 mm Gjdjvwgtyjpfx Admsil z-travel 1500 mm Control HEIDENHAIN TNC 640 c-axis +-360 ° milling head -swivable ° milling head swivable ca. +-360 ° table dimension - longitudinal 2500 mm table dimension - cross 3500 mm table load 6 t/m² coolant IKZ 70 bar Feed speed 60 m/min. spindle turning speed range 24000 U/min tool taper HSK-A63 milling spindle motor S6 (40% / 2 min) 41 kW max. torque on the spindle S6 (40% / 2 min) 49 Nm milling spindle motor S1 (100% / 2 min) 34 kW max. torque on the spindle S1 (100% / 2 min) 39 kW tool change unit 60 Pos. weight of the machine ca. 74 t dimensions of the machine ca. 4 x 7.5 x 5.4 m This thermosymmetrical, ergonomic, universal ZIMMERMANN FZU32 portal milling machine is in mint condition and available immediately. DESCRIPTION: The FZU32 is a remarkably compact 5-axis portal milling machine for machining aluminium machining of aluminium, fibre composites, plastics, ureol and steel. steel. Thanks to the particularly rigid, newly developed centre-guiding gantry, we can meet the increasing requirements in model, tool and mould making. mould making. This thermo-symmetrical design makes the FZU32 less susceptible to adverse environmental conditions.

Condition: as good as new (ex-display), Year of construction: 2024, Double side planer (Double Surface Planer ) extra wide 400 mm Maximum working width 400 mm Gjdpfxoxc D Tde Admoil Maximum working height 200 mm Heavy cardan feed system Special spike feedsystem Unlike the conventional chain drive systems, this machine employs a patented synchronized transmission system along the four fitting columns. Electronic height adjustment Spiral cutterheads top and bottom Latest generation IE-3 motors Spindle and feed brakes CE

Condition: used, machine/vehicle number: 008266, Type of edging: Thin edge, Thick edge Gluing System: EVA Hotmelt Corner Rounding Unit: yes Combination Squaring Edgebanding Machine: First and Second Pass Max Panel Width: 3000 mm Max feed speed: 25 m/min Operating Units Right Side: 9 nr Operating Units Left Side: 9 nr Godpox A Hfiofx Admeil

Condition: excellent (used), Knopp Duplex glass drilling machine double-sided. Year of manufacture 2000 In good condition. Gedpfxjq Umcno Admjil With ball roller table, cross laser and infinitely variable speed control. Incl water cooling

Condition: used, Year of construction: 1996, functionality: fully functional, machine/vehicle number: 961228, cutting width (max.): 1,200 mm, pivoting range: 35 °, SECOND-HAND DOUBLE SIDED CUTTING SAW COMEC MOD. TD1200 - CE RULES - N. 2 motors 2 hp - N. 2 blades diam. 350 mm - Min / max working length 220/1200 mm - Cutting inclinations: horizontal +/- 35°; vertical +/- 35° - Volt. 380/50 Gjdpox Rw H Aefx Admjil - S/N 961228 - Year 1996

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2007, functionality: fully functional, planing height: 150 mm, spindle diameter: 40 mm, planing width: 230 mm, total height: 2,000 mm, total length: 7,600 mm, overall weight: 6,500 kg, number of spindles: 8, Leadermac, Hypermac 823 8 spindles Planing width 15–230 mm Planing thickness 10–150 mm Minimum workpiece length 200 mm Spindle speed 6000 rpm Spindle diameter 40 mm Permitted saw circle – vertical spindle: 112–232 mm, horizontal: 100–225 mm Feed speed 6–24 m/min 6500 kg Gsdpfx Asxmlk Sodmeil Length 7600 mm Height 2000 mm Depth 2000 mm 400 volt Manual in Dutch and English

Condition: excellent (used), CATALOG NUMBER 7683 Technical data: - Cutter block width: 510 mm - Number of knives: 4 pcs - Maximum thickness of workpiece on thicknesser: 200 mm - Manual table lift - Maximum thickness of workpiece on side heads (3-sided): 100 mm From above: - Anti-kickback fingers - Feed (infeed) roller, serrated - Pressure bar - Planing (cutter) block - Pressure bar - Outfeed roller, smooth From below: - Adjustable rollers in lower table: 2 pcs Gsdswtqc Njpfx Admsil - Guide bar From rear: - 2 side spindles + pressure bars - Spindle height: 100 mm - Maximum spindle spacing: 510 mm - Spindle diameter: 25 mm - Includes 2 cutter heads - Spindle adjustment: right/left - Motor: 2×2.4 kW - 2 feed speeds - Extraction port diameter: 2×100 mm - Main motor: 7.5 kW - Overall dimensions (L/W/H): 1850×1250×1000 mm - Weight: 1080 kg ADVANTAGES: – Made in Poland – 4-knife cutter block – Very good condition – Used planer Net price: 13,900 PLN Net price: 3,300 EUR (based on the rate of 4.2 EUR) (Prices may change with higher fluctuations)

Condition: new, Saw unit swivels 46 ° on both sides. Programmable, electric saw blade adjustment Control unit with electronic display for saw blade tilt and lift Torsional rigidity and vibration-free working Easier plate feeding due to large trimming frame with roller Telescopic ruler with 2 professional folding stops Excellent cutting precision scoring unit equipped with its own motor - easily adjustable from the outside saw blade diameter of 400 mm scoring saw blade with a diameter of 160 mm 2-position saw blade pendulum protection manell adjustable 3-axis controlled Motorized rip fence with electronic positioning includes: Position display via an encoder Adjustment via ball screw Stepless adjustment via switch or automatic positioning system Cutting width 1270 mm Programmed movement of motorized adjustment and tilting for saw unit UP version with swivelling control panel for maximum flexibility X version with Compex miter fence for quick and accurate execution of miter cuts with automatic compensation of the stop position. (Length compensation) incl. options: - cutting lenght 3200 mm - on / off buttons for main motor and scoring unit integrated in saw carriage - CompeX frame - Version "READY 3 UP" - 2 saw speeds (3500/5000 U/min) Max. cutting width with rip fence 1270 mm Format cuts 3200 mm main motor 7,0 kW, 400 V, 50 Hz Saw blade angle -46 - 46 ° Max. cutting height 90° 136 mm Max. cutting height 45° 97 mm Max. cutting height -45° 60 mm saw blade diameter 400 mm Diameter scoring saw blade 160 mm (Main) saw blade speed 4000 min¯¹ Dust extraction ports 120 & 80 mm Gisdpfsd Akygox Admol

Condition: used, machine/vehicle number: 008288, Position 1: Panel Feeding and Loading SCM-MAHROS - STEFANI - CELASCHI Position 2: Double Sided Squaring/Edgebanding Machines SCM-MAHROS - STEFANI - CELASCHI Position 3: Panel Turning Device SCM-MAHROS - STEFANI - CELASCHI Position 4: Double Sided Squaring/Edgebanding Machines SCM-MAHROS - STEFANI - CELASCHI Position 5: Panel Turning Device SCM-MAHROS - STEFANI - CELASCHI Position 6: Splitters SCM-MAHROS - STEFANI - CELASCHI Gjdpex Nv S Ujfx Admoil Position 7: Panel Stacking and Offloading SCM-MAHROS - STEFANI - CELASCHI

Condition: used, Year of construction: 1976, pressure 200 t distance between columns 1550 mm stroke 30 - 160 mm no. of strokes 30 - 90 Hub/min dayligth (stroke and adjustment up) 745 mm column travel -side 800 mm table surface area 1500 x 1150 mm hole in the table 450 mm table height over floor 810 mm ram surface 1500 x 1000 mm power requirement 38,0 kW weight of the machine ca. 26,5 t required space 5,1 x 1,6 x 3,7 m ram adjustment 110 mm permitted for automatic mode according to the German Safety Regulations (UVV) with infinitely variable drive, pneumatic clutch/brake combination (Ortlinghaus), hydraulic overload protection in ram, pneumatic counterbalance in ram, motoric ram adjustment can be offered without putting into operation or alternatively with new control Siemens S 7-1500 F Giodpfx Aovuubaedmsl

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2001, functionality: fully functional, machine/vehicle number: 000929, saw blade diameter: 350 mm, pivoting range: 35 °, SECOND-HAND DOUBLE SIDED CUTTING SAW COMEC TYPE TD1200 CA - CE RULES - N.2 motors 2 hp - Blade diam. 350 mm - Min/max working length 220/1200 mm - Cutting inclinations: horizontal +/- 35°; vertical +/- 35° - Complete with manual and CE declaration - With automatic loader Giodpfsx Rvmbox Admol - Serial no. 000929 - Year: 2001 - CE rules

Year of construction: 2020, condition: new, Double-sided mitre stop Year of manufacture: 2020 For fast and stepless production of mitre cuts on narrow and short workpieces at any angle from 0° to 90° For crosscuts up to 1375 mm Easy handling and quick installation on the saw's roller carriage Gijdpfekwhaljx Admjl Suitable for Panhans models 680_10_20 Conversion kit for other models available on request Availability: short-term Location: Hochheim

Condition: excellent (used), functionality: fully functional, CATALOG NUMBER 7559 TECHNICAL DATA - Loading fields: 2 - Manually adjustable side clamps: 2x4 pcs - Pneumatic vertical clamps: 2x4 pcs - Max length of glued elements: 3300 mm - Max height of glued elements: 1020 mm - Max thickness of glued elements: 100 mm - Dimensions L/W/H: 4270x1600x2000 mm - Weight approx.: 800 kg ADVANTAGES – Two working fields – Gluing length 3300 mm Giedpsv Dirxofx Admel – Pneumatic cylinders – Used press, in very good condition Net price: 10,900 PLN Net price: 2,600 EUR (depending on exchange rate 4.2 EUR) (Prices may vary with significant fluctuations)

Year of construction: 2008, condition: used, Four-sided planer Weinig Powermat 500 8.000 rpm | CNC | PowerLock Technical data: Used machine: Year 2008 Control system: PoweCOM Touchscreen. Feed rate: Feed rate 5 - 30 m/min. Motor: 4 kW Working range: Godpfxohu Ewyo Admjil Working width: 20 - 230 mm Working height: 8 - 120 mm 1 spindle: first lower tool holder speed: 8 000 rpm motor: 5,5 kW Tool holder: standard 2 Spindle: First right tool holder Speed: 8 000 rpm Motor: 5,5 kW Tool holder: PowerLock 3 Spindle: First left tool holder Speed: 8 000 rpm Motor: 5,5 kW Tool holder: PowerLock 4 Spindle: First upper tool holder Speed: 8 000 rpm Motor: 7,5 kW Tool holder: PowerLock 5 Spindle: Second lower tool holder Speed: 8 000 rpm Motor: 5,5 kW Tool holder: PowerLock Radial and horizontal CNC controlled adjustment for spindle: 2,3,4,5. Dressing table: 2 000 mm long CE certified. Electrical cabinet . Machine without tools.

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 1980, functionality: fully functional, REX HOMS-310-K Four-sided Planer Year of manufacture: 1980 Serial number: 18.568 Power: 91.69 kW It has not been used since 2021. The machine was stored in a closed production hall for the entire period and is fully functional. After purchasing the machine, the electrical cables were replaced with new ones. We rate the technical condition as very good - visually there are visible traces of use, but technically everything works properly. The reason for the sale is the end of glued wood production. Maximum working width: 305 mm Minimum working width: 50 mm Maximum workpiece height on 2 sides: 310 mm Gjdpfxswfqh As Admeil Maximum workpiece height on 4 sides: 160 mm Minimum workpiece height: 17 mm driven upper and lower feed rollers

Condition: used, machine/vehicle number: 005939, Type of edging: Thin edge, Thick edge Gluing System: EVA Hotmelt, PUR Combination Squaring Edgebanding Machine: First Pass Max Panel Width: 1500 mm Max feed speed: 40 m/min Giodpjx Idxasfx Admol Operating Units Right Side: 11 nr Operating Units Left Side: 11 nr

Condition: excellent (used), Catalogue number 7734 TECHNICAL DATA - Shaft width: 630mm - Max. thickness of workpiece: 230mm - 4-knife planing shaft * from above: - Anti-kickback fingers - Toothed feed roller - Pressure bar - Planing shaft - Pressure bar - 2 smooth, driven outfeed rollers Gjdpfoxb Tadjx Admeil * from below: - Adjustable roller in bottom table - Motor approx. 7.5kW - Stepless feed speed adjustment - Extraction port diameter: 145mm - Dimensions (LxWxH): 1250x1300x1300mm - Weight: 908kg ADVANTAGES – Italian manufacture – Very good condition – Used thickness planer Net price: 21,900 PLN Net price: 5,200 EUR based on 4.2 EUR exchange rate (Prices may change with significant exchange rate fluctuations)

Condition: excellent (used), WEINIG HYDROMAT 22 AL Four-Sided Planer - Maximum workpiece width: 220 mm - Maximum workpiece height: 130 mm - 8 spindles: 1) Lower horizontal: 220 mm, 5.5 kW 2) Right vertical: 130 mm, 7.5 kW 3) Left vertical: 130 mm, 7.5 kW 4) Right vertical: 130 mm, 5.5 kW 5) Upper horizontal: 220 mm, 11 kW – 5th spindle with electric height adjustment (up/down) 6) Lower horizontal: 220 mm, 5.5 kW 7) Lower horizontal: 220 mm, 5.5 kW – 7th spindle with support + Jointer system (cutterhead sharpening) 8) Universal spindle: 220 mm, 360° adjustable, 7.5 kW - All spindles adjustable up/down, left/right - Spindle diameter: 40 mm Gijdpsw Ipicjfx Admsl - From above: - 6 dual toothed feed rollers + 1 single roller - 3 dual smooth rubber outfeed rollers + 3 single rollers - Meter counter - From below: - Swiveling toothed steel infeed roller integrated in lower table - 3 smooth steel feed rollers - Feed via cardan drive rollers - Pneumatically-tensioned feed rollers - Stepless feed speed adjustment + 2-speed gearbox: 10–60 m/min - Feed motor: 10 kW - Electrically adjustable planing thickness - Lifting motor: 0.75 kW - Central table lubrication - Extraction port diameters: 5 x 140 mm, 3 x 120 mm - Machine dimensions (LxWxH): 4680 x 1780 x 1850 mm - Control cabinet dimensions (on pallet): 1020 x 1000 x 2230 mm - Approx. weight: 5,000 kg Feeder with centering device: - Roller width: 450 mm - 1 toothed powered infeed roller - 22 smooth powered rollers - Adjustable upper pressure - Feeder length: 9,020 mm - Stepless speed adjustment: 10–60 m/min - Motor: 0.75 kW - Dimensions (LxWxH): 9,020 x 790 x 1,150 mm Net price: 180,000 PLN Net price: 42,860 EUR (based on 4.2 EUR/PLN exchange rate) (Prices subject to change depending on exchange rate fluctuations)

Condition: excellent (used), Stock number: 7713 TECHNICAL DATA - Max. working width: 240 mm - Max. working height: 130 mm - 6 spindles: 1) Bottom horizontal 240 mm, 7.5 kW 2) Right vertical 130 mm, 5.5 kW 3) Left vertical 130 mm, 5.5 kW 4) Top horizontal 240 mm, 7.5 kW 5) Top horizontal 240 mm, 5.5 kW (spindles 4 and 5 are electrically adjustable up/down) 6) Bottom horizontal 240 mm, 5.5 kW - All spindles adjustable vertically and horizontally - Spindle diameter: 40 mm Feed system: • From above: - 8 driven, geared steel feed rollers (including 3 double rollers) - 4 driven, smooth rubber outfeed rollers (including 2 double rollers) • From below: - 3 smooth feed rollers - 3 lateral pressure rollers - Infinitely variable feed speed controlled by inverter - Pneumatically pressed rollers - Feed motor: 7.5 kW - Feed via Cardan shaft rollers - Electrically adjustable planing thickness - Body lifting motor: 0.75 kW - Infeed table length: 2,480 mm - Pneumatic opening/closing of safety cabin - Pneumatic blowing of table Gedpfjw H Aqxox Admsil - Central table lubrication - Extraction connection diameters: 3 x 120 mm, 3 x 150 mm - Dimensions (LxWxH): 5,300 x 1,700 x 1,800 mm - Weight: 5,000 kg ADVANTAGES – Italian manufacturing – 6-head configuration – Suitable for wet and dry timber – Pneumatic cabin opening – Pneumatic table blowing – Spindles 4 and 5 adjustable electrically – Used planer, in very good condition Net price: 136,900 PLN Net price: 32,600 EUR (depending on exchange rate, 4.2 EUR) (Prices may change with currency fluctuations)

Condition: excellent (used), Catalogue number 7640 ADVANTAGES – The best wide planing machine for wet and dry timber – Ideal for processing logs, flooring boards, etc. – 2 planing cutterheads + 3 spindles – Manufactured by the German brand KUPFERMUHLE – Used planer, very good condition TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS - Max planing width: 610 mm - Max planing height: 200 mm - From above: - Powered feed roller, toothed - Pawls - Pressure mechanism - 2 powered feed rollers, toothed - Pressure mechanism - 610 mm, 6-knife planing cutterhead, 15 kW - Pressure mechanisms - Smooth outfeed roller - From below: - Side pressure at infeed - Guide rail - Infeed table - Powered feed roller, toothed - 610 mm, 6-knife planing cutterhead, 7.5 kW - 2 smooth feed rollers - Side pressure at outfeed - Rear: - 2 side spindles + pressure units: 1) Right vertical spindle 200 mm, 15 kW 2) Left vertical spindle 200 mm, 15 kW - Electrically adjustable left vertical spindle (right/left) - Spindle diameter: 40 mm - Alternate spindle settings - Spindles adjustable: up/down, right/left 3) Additional lower horizontal spindle 160 mm, adjustable up/down and right/left, 5.5 kW - Spindle diameter: 35 mm - At outfeed: 2 upper metal sliding rollers, 2 lower powered rubber rollers - Adjustable rollers in the lower table - Electric height adjustment for planing - 6 feed speeds: 12.8 / 16.3 / 20 / 25.6 / 32.6 / 40 m/min - Feed motor: 8 kW - Extraction port diameters: 2×120, 2x160 mm - Dimensions (LxWxH): 2980 x 1980 x 1800 mm - Weight: approx. 3500 kg Net price: 66,900 PLN Net price: 15,920 EUR (depending on 4.2 EUR rate) Godswgayqjpfx Admsil (Prices may change with significant exchange rate fluctuations)