Used Dry Kiln for sale (3,743)

Year of construction: 2004, condition: excellent (used), functionality: fully functional, Very well-maintained compact drying chamber MÜHLBÖCK type QLSF-2x1.2-3x1.2-13 / year of manufacture 2004. Complete system including control unit. Heat requirement: 330 kW. The unit is still in operation! Full transport by truck is possible. Only the counterweight needs to be dismantled. The matching heating system can also be supplied upon request. Dismantling/transport by the buyer is possible. Construction dimensions can be found in the attached drawing. Podpoxt Hwaofx Ag Dsgw

Condition: used, VACUUM DRY KILN for massive wood second han machine volume: 10 m3 Podpfx Agexxlads Dogw diameter: 150 cm n.12 aluminum plates with loading trolley machine overall dimensions: total length: cm.630 width: cm.185 weight: kg.3000

Year of construction: 2022, condition: new, functionality: fully functional, IMMEDIATE AVAILABILITY: Secovent Double-Chamber Wood and Pallet Dryer Unused, freestanding dryer for pallets and wood. Delivered to our yard in Łódź but never assembled. The main photo is a visual rendering of the dryer in assembled state. AVAILABLE FOR IMMEDIATE DELIVERY! Dimensions: 13 x 6.2 x 4.4 m No disassembly of the building required—just load the packed components onto a truck. Transport arrangements to be determined—can be organized by us or the buyer. Manufactured by Ventech, Świebodzin. The dryer requires installation of a control unit. We can supply this, or it can be ordered directly from Ventech by the buyer. Fans: axial, reversible type, aluminum impellers (diameter 800 mm) with specially profiled blades. Aluminum fan housings/guides, optimally profiled for airflow. Motors: Siemens, 3 kW, special dryer version, insulation class H, approx. 1400 rpm. Designed to withstand the drying chamber environment. Quantity: 8 units. Heating medium: hot water (90–95°C at the boiler), pressure 1.5–3 bar. Pgodpfx Asxxi S Rog Dew Heating valve: motorized three-way valve DN65, 1 unit per chamber. Spray medium: warm water (cold water permissible), pressure 1.5–3 bar. Electromagnetic spray valve DN15, 1 unit per chamber. Door type: lift-and-slide, with a shared crank-lift mechanism for both doors. Purchased by us for PLN 940,000. All components are located in Łódź.

Condition: new, Capacity: 3 to 20 m³ — the ideal “pocket” system for small and medium-sized producers Product Description: The Mobileplan is a high-quality, fully mobile drying kiln designed for maximum versatility. Engineered for rapid deployment and user-friendly operation, it can handle all wood species and greatly simplifies both timber drying and ISPM-15 pallet heat treatment without requiring a fixed installation. Plug-and-play setup: No permanent anchoring required. Easily movable by forklift or crane. Ultra-fast installation: Delivered pre-assembled and factory-tested; ready for operation in less than one day. Fully automatic operation: Automated control of drying cycles for true set-and-forget convenience. Heating options: - Electric - Hot water / steam - Gas Key advantages: - Compact, transportable design for genuine mobility - Installation within 24 hours – reduces set-up time and labor costs Psdpfow Hf Adjx Ag Degw - Pre-assembled unit minimizes transport and assembly expenses - Suitable for drying both softwood and hardwood, as well as ISPM-15 compliant pallet treatment - Low running costs thanks to the modular plug-and-play system - Industrial-grade reliability in a compact form factor Mobileplan is the ideal solution for professionals seeking a premium drying system that offers mobility, rapid commissioning, and low operating overheads—perfect for workshops, small sawmills, or on-site operations.

Condition: new, No. 3171 Vacuum drying kiln ISVE ES 2 / NEW New machine, delivery time 120 days Construction features: AISI-304 stainless steel, partially insulated External diameter: 1000 mm Length of cylindrical part: 5000 mm Dryer length: 5900 mm Dryer total length plus sliding guides: 11000 mm Max. operating vacuum: -730 mm Hg Timber pile length: 5000 mm Timber pile width: 800 mm Timber pile height: 400 mm Net wood volume: approx. 2 m3 Installed electrical power: 5,27 kW Average hourly power input: 2,7 kW/h Includes: - 6 electric heating plates (each 800 x 5000 x 10 mm LWH / 40 kg / 0,695 kW) - 1 oil vacuum pump (40 m3/h / 1,1 kW / 380 Vca) - 1 vacuum pump condenser (stainless steel tube with internal condensation system) - 2 one-way valves (clapet: one ¾” for vacuum circuit; one ½” for condenser discharge) - 1 solenoid air return valve (24 Vca: one 1” for the autoclave and one ½” for the condenser) - 1 manual air return (1” ball valve) - 1 electrical control panel (PLC type Siemens S7-1200, with touch panel) - 1 ISVE server connect with remote service and control Psdpfx Asuvi Sasg Dogw - 2 wireless moisture probes (double probes for core and surface moisture reading) - 1 wireless temperature probe (for wood core reading) - 2 plates-holder stands - 1 instruction booklet (in English with CE certificate and wiring diagrams) Transport dimensions approx. 6100 x 1150 x 1300 mm LWH Weight approx. 1300 kg Technical details, year of construction and scope of delivery according to the manufacturer, without guarantee Subject to prior sale New machines are covered by the manufacturer's warranty Images and videos serve as examples and do not represent the actual scope of delivery Terms of payment: Prices plus VAT, payment before collection or dispatch Terms of delivery: ex location

Year of construction: 2013, condition: used, Drying chamber with false ceiling ventilation and frontal trolley loadingfor the production and conditioning of 3 mm oak lamellas, at initial moisture 12 tomax. 15 % / final humidity 7 %used, good conditionmake Mühlböcktype ZSWM2110-1180C - 1.0 l/h at 40° C over 30 % HFyear of construction 2013rated power 7 kW/15Afrequency 50 Hzcontrol voltage 24VDC/230VACprotection class IP54content:the chamber holds- 2 packages in width a 1.10 m - with 0.20 m space between each package- 1 package in height a 1.80 m - with 0.10 m thick underlays and a 0.10 m high free space- 2 packages in length a 2.20 m - plus 0.60 m free spaceThe chamber contains 4 stacking packages and has a total gross volume of 17.4 m²The chamber has a net capacity of 4 m³ of timber - with a timber thickness of 3 mm and a stacking strip thickness of 10 mmand 90 % width utilization with edged ble dimensions of each chamber: Width 2.40 m x height 2.30 m x length 5.00 m- aluminum cassette construction- aluminum frame- dimensionally stable rock wool insulation- aluminum trapezoidal sheet- snow load 100 kg/m²- 2-leaf hinged door- front loading- 2 fans a 3 kW (D=800 mm)- stainless steel/aluminum finned tube heating coil with 50 kW, flow temperature of 80 °C, return temperature 73°C- servo-controlled supply and exhaust air flaps- cold water spraying- chambers work fully automatically- computer control K5Disassembly: Customer locationhandover as viewedwithout guarantee and warranty Pgsdpfxevwfhie Ag Dow

Condition: used, For sale - 3 kilns. Excellent technical condition; visual condition as per photos. Please see dimensions and specification for each kiln in attached pdf document. Kilns has been dismantled and standing in our warehouse. We can arrange an assembly of the kilns in the buyers location. For any further questions and inquirys, please feel free to contact us. Pgodpfx Agow Apnco Djw

Condition: new, Type CSD-HT-BR 70 Internal dimensions (width x depth x height) 7500 x 7160 x 4100 mm Pgsdpfx Agorxtuio Dsw External dimensions (width x depth x height) 8080 x 7760 x 5500 mm The section of the structural columns of the chamber is 160 x 70 mm Snow load for the roof is 80 Kg/m2 Wind resistance of walls 27.8 m/sec Warming with glass wool Walls ǂ100mm Roof ǂ100mm Door ǂ100mm Door: sliding type, hung on a rail Wood for drying: various Loading the drying chamber with a forklift The heating system is gas Fuel - GPL gas Maximum thermal energy (300 kW) Maximum chamber temperature 75 °C The number of fans in the chamber is 5x3kw The total capacity of the fans is 162,500 m3/hour Number of probes: 4 HT/ 8 AWM/ 2 EMC/ 2 Temperature Voltage 400 V 50 Hz Total power 17kw)

Condition: new, functionality: fully functional, Capacity: from approx. 200 up to over 2,000 EPAL pallets (1.2 × 0.8 × 0.15 m) Product description: The Superplan is a professional system for drying and heat‑treating pallets in full compliance with the ISPM‑15 standard, ensuring proper sanitization for export. Designed to handle any type of wood, it reliably achieves a core temperature of 56 °C for at least 30 minutes, guaranteeing the elimination of pests and pathogens in accordance with international regulations. Available heating options: - Gas - Electric - Hot water / steam Its modular design allows for front loading or tunnel configurations, optimizing hot‑air circulation and improving thermal efficiency through controlled internal ventilation and dedicated core‑temperature sensors. Pgedpfx Agew Hfv Do Djw Key benefits: - Variable capacity: from 200 up to over 2,000 EPAL pallets per cycle. - Guaranteed compliance with ISPM‑15 export requirements. - Flexible heating options: gas, electric, or steam/hot water. - Energy‑efficient with precise ventilation control and core‑temperature monitoring. - Robust and adaptable: ideal for high‑productivity industrial operations. Superplan is built for pallet manufacturers and wood processors exporting worldwide — combining efficiency, regulatory compliance, and flexible energy options in a single, high‑performance solution.

Condition: good (used), Year of construction: 1999, functionality: fully functional, machine/vehicle number: 6381/99, 2 connected kilns, timber volume, each 142m3 , total = 284 m3 concidering: - 50x100 boards, stacking factor 0.85 - each kiln 24 stacks 4.2x1.2x1.2m + 12 stacks 5.1x1.2x1.2m ; 1m free space in front and 1m behind the stacks, 0.15m between the stacks - inside dimensions of each kiln: width 15.2m (3 stacks), depth 7.3m (4 stacks), height 4.1m (3 stacks) - dimensions of loading door 15.2x4.1m , lifting-sliding type of 2 pcs. Inspection doors in rear walls. - loading system frontal forklift , 2 sliding trolleys for the loading door of lifting-sliding type Heating power 610,000 Kcal/h at 60'C inside temperature. Heating system: hot water, 90'C at inlet min, bi-metal pipes, stainless steel core with external aluminium fin, including the automatic valve for the hot water with intercept valves and stainless steel pipes till rear wall of dryers Rehumidification: cold water 3.5 bar, 150l/h. The spraying device by stainless steel pipe and changeable nozzles on brass. Number of fans each kiln, installed in long aluminium pipes (Nardi patent): 12 , reversible, 800mm, changed power motors 4.0/1.1kw, two speeds. Long pipes increase the air flow, reducing the pressure drop, saving energy. The horizontal aluminium baffles closing the free space over the stacks Number of vents each kiln: 8+8 cast aluminium vents Snow load 120 kg/m2, wind speed 100 km/h The electric switchboard cabinet per each kiln. Voltage: 400V , 50Hz . Type of control: LEONARDO 3000 (renewed in 2007) Each kiln has 12 wood moisture probes, 2 kiln temperature probes and 2 kiln relative moisture probes, 3 digital read outs of these values. Dismantling will be done by buyer. Seller provide a forklift if needed. Pgsdpfx Aowynnieg Dsw

Condition: good (used), Year of construction: 2022, functionality: fully functional, cooling capacity: 512.3 kW (696.53 HP), type of cooling: air, overall weight: 1,386 kg, total width: 2,400 mm, total length: 6,800 mm, total height: 1,570 mm, warranty duration: 6 months, Dry-cooler THERMOKEY GH2390.BZ 2/03 V Q1EEpF(EC)S 512.3 KW Cooling capacity: 512.3 kW (44/37 — +28C) Year of manufacture: 2022 Fluid: Glycol + Water Fluid flow: 67,4 m³/h Air flow: 152415 m³/h Podpjxyw Dqsfx Ag Dsgw Number of fans: 6 pcs. Fan Diameter: 900 mm Volume: 248 dm³ External surface: 1329 m2 Dimensions: 6.8 x 2.4 x 1.57 m. Weight: 1386 kg.

Condition: like new (used), functionality: fully functional, machine/vehicle number: 1001887-DT, input voltage: 6,000 V, insulation material: Epoxy resin cast, secondary voltage: 400 V, type of cooling: air, High-quality ABB dry-type cast-resin transformer designed for MV/LV applications. Ideal for industrial facilities, MV substations, data centers or as a replacement transformer in existing 6 kV → 0.4 kV networks. Fully functional, clean condition, no damage to resin or terminals. Technical Specifications Rated power: 400–630 kVA Primary voltage: 6 kV Secondary voltage: 0.4 kV Cooling: AN (Air Natural) Insulation: Epoxy resin cast Temperature monitoring: TR230 controller Manufacturing: ABB Sweden Condition Excellent visual and mechanical condition Resin intact Terminals clean Enclosure undamaged Ready for operation Suitable For Psdoxxkrlopfx Ag Dogw Substations Industrial power distribution Replacement transformers Data centers Energy & utility companies

Condition: used, fuel type: electric, Forklift battery charger, industrial charger, forklift battery charger, industrial charger -24 volts -Power: 20A - Connection: 230 volts Pgedob A Hdzepfx Ag Djw -Number: 7 x chargers available -Price per piece -Weight: 18kg/pcs -function tested

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2002, ALU-profile mitre saw Fabr.Dry Tech Type:355 MLS Year 2002. Saw blade dm.355 mm Pgodpetwn E Ujfx Ag Dew Cutting range round max.120 mm Square max 120 mm X 120 mm

Condition: new, Year of construction: 2024, functionality: fully functional, SY-ZP4A Rotary disc precision sand Dry blasting machine year 2024 Pgsdpfewcfvpjx Ag Djw

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 1990, the machine in perfect condition very good machine This is a combo machine pelletizer and sandblasting machine (two in one) Pgjdshmi Ucjpfx Ag Dsw very low operation hours

Condition: good (used), Year of construction: 2006, functionality: fully functional, cooling capacity: 945.4 kW (1,285.38 HP), type of cooling: air, overall weight: 2,600 kg, total width: 2,230 mm, total length: 8,190 mm, total height: 2,500 mm, warranty duration: 6 months, Dry-cooler ALFA LAVAL S.p.a. VDDS906CD196 945.4/779.4 KW Cooling capacity: 945.4 / 779.4 kW / 268.8/221.6 tons (40/35 — +25C) Year of manufacture: 2006 Fluid: Glycol + Water Pgsdpfx Agew Sr R De Dow Fluid flow: 164.4 / 135.5 m³/h Air flow: 251913 / 195147 m³/h Number of fans: 12 pcs. Fan Diameter: 910 mm Volume: 336.9 dm3 External surface: 3868.2 m2 Dimensions: 8.19 x 2.23 x 2.5 m. Weight: 2600 kg.

Condition: new, functionality: fully functional, Year of construction: 2025, There are several types of ball mill grinding plants designed for different applications and industries. The choice of the specific type depends on factors such as the material being processed, the desired final product characteristics, and the production capacity required. Here are some common types of ball mill grinding plants: 1. Open Circuit Ball Mill: - In an open circuit ball mill, the material passes through the mill only once, and the finished product is obtained directly. This type is suitable for dry grinding and often used for cement grinding. 2. Closed Circuit Ball Mill: - Closed circuit ball mills have a separator, which separates the fine particles from the coarse ones. The coarse material is returned to the mill for further grinding, while the fine product is collected and sent to storage. This type is commonly used in mineral processing circuits. 3. Overflow Ball Mill: - Overflow ball mills discharge the slurry over a trunnion at the discharge end. This type is suitable for wet grinding or when the slurry has a high moisture content. 4. Grate Discharge Ball Mill: - Grate discharge ball mills discharge the slurry through the grate at the discharge end. This type is suitable for dry or wet grinding and is often used for grinding materials with high moisture content. 5. Peripheral Discharge Ball Mill: - In a peripheral discharge ball mill, the grinding chamber is larger at the feed end, allowing the material to be discharged peripherally. This type is suitable for coarse grinding and often used for rod mills. 6. Planetary Ball Mill: - Planetary ball mills are designed for high-energy milling and are suitable for both dry and wet grinding. They have one or more grinding jars that rotate around a central axis, creating a planetary motion. This type is often used for laboratory applications. Pjdeq Nx Aljpfx Ag Degw 7. Ball Mill with Ceramic Lining: - Some ball mills are lined with ceramics to reduce wear on the inner surface of the mill. This is particularly common in the production of ceramic materials, pigments, and refractories. 8. High-Energy Ball Mill: - High-energy ball mills use mechanical alloying processes to create new materials. These mills operate at high rotational speeds, causing the balls and the material being ground to impact with high energy. They are suitable for milling hard and brittle materials. 9. Air-Swept Ball Mill: - In an air-swept ball mill, the material is fed into the mill with ambient air, and the finished product is collected in a dust collector. This type is commonly used for coal grinding in the cement industry. 10. Tube Mill: - Tube mills are long cylinders with a charge of steel balls used for grinding raw materials, coal, and clinker. They can be open or closed circuit and are widely used in cement and mineral processing industries. 11. Continuous Ball Mill: - Continuous ball mills operate continuously, and the material to be ground is fed at one end and discharged at the other. These mills are suitable for grinding materials in a continuous process.

Condition: new, Year of construction: 2025, An active lime production line is a set of equipment designed to produce high-quality lime from limestone, with the aim of meeting various industrial applications, such as in the production of steel, environmental desulfurization, and other processes. The process typically involves several stages, including limestone crushing, calcination, hydration, and finally, the production of active lime. Here is a general overview of the main steps involved in an active lime production line: 1. Limestone Quarrying: - Raw limestone is extracted from quarries and transported to the lime plant. The limestone may undergo crushing and sizing processes to achieve the desired particle size. 2. Limestone Preheating: - The raw limestone is typically preheated in a preheater or precalciner before entering the rotary kiln. This preheating step helps to reduce the energy consumption in the kiln by partially decarbonizing the limestone. 3. Loading into the Rotary Kiln: - The preheated limestone is loaded into the rotary kiln, a large, rotating cylindrical furnace. The kiln is inclined at a slight angle to facilitate the movement of materials through the kiln. 4. Calcination: - In the rotary kiln, the limestone undergoes high-temperature calcination (typically in the range of 900 to 1,450 degrees Celsius). This process causes the limestone to undergo chemical and physical changes, converting it into lime (calcium oxide). 5. Cooling: - After calcination, the lime moves through the cooling zone of the kiln, where it is cooled down. This cooling step is essential to stabilize the lime and prepare it for further processing. Psdpjq Nyzbjfx Ag Djgw 6. Hydration: - The quicklime produced in the kiln is then slaked with water in a hydration process to produce slaked lime (calcium hydroxide). This is typically done in a separate hydrator. 7. Separation of Unreacted Lime: - The slaked lime is separated from any unreacted quicklime or impurities. This step ensures that the final product is of high quality. 8. Filtering and Drying: - The separated slaked lime is filtered to remove excess water, and the resulting product is dried to achieve the desired moisture content. 9. Storage and Packaging: - The final product, active lime (calcium oxide), is stored in silos or other storage facilities. It can then be packaged for sale or transported to end-users. 10. Environmental Considerations: - Dust collection systems and other environmental control measures are often implemented to minimize emissions and ensure compliance with environmental regulations. The design and configuration of an active lime production line can vary based on factors such as the type of limestone used, production capacity requirements, and specific industrial applications. Modern production lines often incorporate advanced technologies to optimize energy efficiency, minimize environmental impact, and ensure high-quality active lime production.

Condition: used, This listing is for a CS Cleaver Scientific LTD The Cube Dry Bath - 01 TCDB----- Cleaver Scientific TCDB – The Cube Dry Bath The Cleaver Scientific TCDB, known as "The Cube Dry Bath", is a compact, digitally controlled dry bath incubator designed for accurate and efficient sample heating in laboratory environments. It is ideal for a variety of applications, including enzyme reactions, nucleic acid denaturation, and other temperature-sensitive protocols. ----- Technical Details Condition: The TCDB is in excellent working condition with minimal use. Pedpsxzh Shsfx Ag Dogw Specifications: Model: Cube Dry Bath Incubator (Single Block Unit – Block Not Included) Voltage: 240V (unit spec), also listed as 110V, 50–60 Hz – please verify power compatibility Temperature Range: 5°C above ambient to 150°C Temperature Stability: ±0.2°C Temperature Uniformity: ±0.2°C Incremental Control: 0.1°C Timer: Up to 99 hr : 59 min, with continuous operation option Heated Power: 125W Controller: Digital Microprocessor Controller Weight: Approx. 2.1 kg Block Material: Molded Aluminum Alloy Block Dimensions: 79 x 104 x 50 mm Display: Dual LCD (temperature & time shown simultaneously) Safety Features: Leak-proof chamber, over-temperature protection, SSR fault detection Includes: Cleaver Scientific TCDB Cube Dry Bath Power Cord ----- Applications Ideal for use in: Restriction enzyme digestion DNA denaturation Coagulation studies Melting agar Hybridization procedures Hot Start PCR® BUN (Blood Urea Nitrogen) assays Incubation with water (mini water bath functionality)

Year of construction: 2017, operating hours: 1,800 h, condition: like new (used), functionality: fully functional, power: 9.5 kW (12.92 HP), product height (max.): 24,000 mm, machine/vehicle number: mk 20-2, Woodmizer WMDK. 3 phase conainer series of kiln drier , 9.5 kw kiln drier 8.25 cubic metre load of 50mm boards Pgjdpfxexqn Izo Ag Dow in very good condition and fully functional heat and vent kiln , fitted in a 6 metre insulated container , has external trolley frame . only 1800 hours run time . just plug it in and ready to go

Condition: used, This listing is for a Thermolyne 16500 Dri-bath DB16520 Pedpfx Aexzh Nmeg Dogw

Condition: used, This listing is for a AdvanDx PNA Fish Workstation Dry Bath Incubator The AdvanDx PNA FISH Workstation provides a hybridization incubation platform for PNA FISH applications. Pedpfx Ajxzg E Hsg Djgw The AdvanDx PNA FISH Workstation can hold up to 30 microscope slides.

Condition: used, This listing is for a Grant QBD1 Digital Dry Block Heater. (1 of 2 available) The unit is in full working condition and is ready for immediate release. Discover the precision and efficiency of the Grant QBD1 Digital Dry Block Heater, designed to meet the rigorous demands of modern laboratories. This high-precision heating system offers exceptional temperature control, making it ideal for a variety of applications, including enzyme digestions, nucleic acid hybridizations, and general laboratory tasks. Key Features: Pedpfx Agsxx Aivs Degw Wide Temperature Range: Operates from ambient +5°C to 130°C, providing versatility for various heating needs. Single Block Position: Equipped with one removable and interchangeable block, allowing for easy customization based on your specific requirements. Digital Temperature Control: Enjoy precise temperature management with stability and uniformity of ±0.1°C, ensuring reliable results every time. Rapid Heat-Up Time: Quickly reaches your desired temperature, enhancing workflow efficiency in busy lab environments. Integral Timer Function: Optional external probe capability allows for accurate in-sample or in-block temperature monitoring. Technical Specifications: Dimensions: 200 x 240 x 120 mm (w x d x h) Robust and Compact Design: Features a contemporary design and includes a block extraction tool for safe and easy block removal. Benefits: High Precision: Achieve consistent and accurate heating for sensitive experiments. User-Friendly: The intuitive design ensures ease of use, making it suitable for both experienced and novice lab personnel. Durable Construction: Built to withstand the demands of daily laboratory use, ensuring long-lasting performance. Elevate your laboratory's capabilities with the Grant QBD1 Digital Dry Block Heater. Experience unmatched precision and reliability, making it an essential tool for any scientific setting.

Condition: used, This listing is for a Star Lab N2400-4002 Dry Bath System. The unit is in full working condition and is ready for immediate release. The Star Lab Dry Bath System N2400-4002 is a dual block dry bath system designed for various laboratory applications. It is part of the Star Lab Dry Bath System series, which offers great value and convenience for users. Key Features: Dual Block System: The N2400-4002 features two blocks, allowing for simultaneous heating of multiple samples. Podpfx Agexxzg Tj Djgw Digital Microprocessor Controller: The system is controlled by a digital microprocessor, ensuring precise temperature control. Temperature Range: The system can operate at temperatures ranging from 5 °C above ambient to 150 °C. Temperature Accuracy: The temperature accuracy is ±0.2 °C, ensuring reliable results. Timer: The system features a timer that can be set from 0 to 999 minutes. Safety Device: The system is equipped with a leak-proof heating chamber, ensuring safe operation. Power Consumption: The system consumes 200 W of power. Dimensions: The system measures 200 mm x 298 mm x 80 mm (W x D x H). Weight: The system weighs 2.8 kg. Applications: Heating and boiling Restriction digests Denaturing DNA Melting agar Coagulation studies In situ hybridisation Hot Start thermocycler reactions