Used Mahr 865 Se for sale (9,893)

Condition: good (used), Mahr 865 SE Indicator Calibrator Mahr 865 SE Indicator Calibrator with 1505 IC Indicator + 1299 IC/S Printer Lredpoihpvhsfx Ac Ast Height adjustable table More indicator calibrators in other sizes - new and used - you will find in our store! International shipping costs on request!

Year of construction: 2018, condition: ready for operation (used), overall weight: 125 kg, total height: 952 mm, This optical measurement machine was manufactured in 2018. The MAHR MahrShaft SCOPE 250 plus features a high-resolution CMOS matrix camera, integrated 21" touchscreen monitor, and a CNC MarEcon control system. It supports a measuring length of 250 mm and can handle workpieces up to 100 mm in diameter and 5 kg in weight. If you are looking to get high-quality measurement capabilities, consider the MAHR MahrShaft SCOPE 250 plus machine we have for sale. Contact us for more information. Machine Benefits Technical Machine Benefits Ljdpfxsx Imrve Ac Ajrt • Integrated pc with intel quad core cpu / windows 10 iot x64 / integrated 21" touchscreen monitor / dvd drive, network interface, 4 usb ports, 1 displayport • Max workpiece diameter: 100 mm / max workpiece weight: 5 kg • Measuring length: 250 mm / measuring diameter: 0. 2 to 40 mm / length error limit: 3 µm + l/100 (l in mm) / diameter error limit: 1. 5 µm + l/40 (l in mm) Dimensions Machine Depth 1054 mm

Condition: refurbished (used), Year of construction: 2025, operating hours: 12 h, functionality: fully functional, measuring range X-axis: 400 mm, measuring range Y-axis: 200 mm, measuring range Z-axis: 200 mm, workpiece weight (max.): 15 kg, warranty duration: 12 months, total height: 2,000 mm, type of input current: AC, total width: 1,000 mm, total length: 800 mm, overall weight: 800 kg, input voltage: 230 V, Equipment: documentation/manual, lighting, type plate available, Mahr Multiscope 400 Multisensor Measuring Device equipped with camera and Renishaw touch probe system Fully functional with factory acceptance before delivery! Comprehensive maintenance history Measuring range: 400x200x200 mm Maximum workpiece weight (glass plate): 15 kg Instrument weight: 800 kg Control cabinet weight: 90 kg External dimensions: 800x1000x2000 mm Maximum traverse speed: 150 mm/s Accuracy: U1=1.9 + L/200; U2=2.4 + L/150; U3=2.9 + L/100 (L = measurement length in mm) Factory-refurbished premium multisensor measuring center with warranty and guarantee, rebuilt 2025. Includes the latest software update for Windows 10 (Windows 11 upgrade and OptiCheck3D 2025 available as options), including free lifetime software hotline and user support. Optional: Delivery via factory service or forwarding agent, worldwide. Optional: On-site commissioning & calibration Optional: Training service Online and on-site demos available with customer parts, application consulting by accredited Profitech metrology laboratories during project planning. Available complete service: – Delivery, installation, commissioning, acceptance according to standards, certification, and comprehensive acceptance documentation. Individual training and education programs also bookable as online courses. Creation of your measuring programs for direct operation with the device is also possible. Rental, lease-purchase, or financing possible directly via Profitech without any financial institution. The measuring device can be individually configured to customer requirements (within the EU). Reference number: 01814-1-ms400 (Please always include this with inquiries) Ljdpfx Aew Slafjc Asrt

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2019, functionality: fully functional, Two-component, solvent-free dispensing system for food products Output: 2.5 kg per minute Lsdezwgb Tepfx Ac Aort 2 dispensing pumps for drums This dispensing mixer was developed for two-component, solvent-free adhesives and features a preheating function to improve adhesive flow and stability during operation.

Year of construction: 2022, condition: good (used), 1 x PA Eclipse-R Rotary Tray Sealer Gas Flush Year: 2022 Lodpfx Acsz Ehfye Asrt Serial Number: ECR-MC-00046

Condition: like new (used), Year of construction: 2023, operating hours: 200 h, functionality: fully functional, Pinacho Tour lathe Lodpfsz Ehx Tex Ac Aert Type SE 200 Year 2023 Fagor CNC Made in Spain Includes tooling Includes safety glasses Machine in like-new condition, with only 200 hours of use Exact Model: Pinacho SE 200-42 Ax1000/S1 Key Features: Only 200 hours of use Almost new condition

Condition: ready for operation (used), Year of construction: 2009, Mahr MarSurf CD 120 Contour and Roughness Measuring Instrument, Surface Measuring Instrument Measuring range: 120mm Measuring force adjustable from 2 mN to 120 mN Mahr ST 500 measuring stand Year of manufacture: 2009 Accessories: Lsdezmtlqspfx Ac Ajrt Contour measuring probe: Mahr PCV probe arm 350 Roughness measuring probe (software license for roughness measurement has expired) Mahr calibration standard Mahr cross slide table You are welcome to come and inspect the equipment. We would be happy to arrange cost-effective shipping for you! You will receive a proper invoice. For foreign customers, a net invoice can also be issued, provided a valid VAT identification number is available. Subject to prior sale. Visit our shop and see our other offers. The company names and trademarks mentioned are the property of their respective owners and are used solely for identification and description of the products. Deviations from technical data and errors in the description of the item may occur and are subject to change.

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2009, functionality: unexamined, machine/vehicle number: 1-1028-09, measuring range X-axis: 400 mm, measuring range Y-axis: 400 mm, measuring range Z-axis: 200 mm, workpiece weight (max.): 30 kg, total height: 1,663 mm, total width: 910 mm, total length: 1,232 mm, overall weight: 30 kg, Equipment: documentation/manual, We are offering this used Mahr / Hexagon Optiv Performance MS 442 coordinate measuring machine, year of manufacture 2009. The machine was factory overhauled in 2023, purchased by us, and has seen minimal use since then. Serial number: 1-1028-09 Measuring range: 400x400x200mm Dimensions: 910x1232x1663 Weight: 940kg Maximum workpiece weight on the glass plate: 30kg Includes camera with 2-stage zoom Includes measuring laser Includes LED ring light Accuracy: Lredpfjyf N Iyox Ac Ast Length measurement deviation: according to VDI/VDE 2617-6.1 MPEE1: 1.4µm+L/200mm MPEE2: 1.5µm+L/150mm Includes 19" CNC real-time controller based on Windows 10 (32-bit) upgrade kit Includes Renishaw PI200 probe interface Includes Renishaw TP200 probe body Includes Renishaw probe holder Includes various probes & heads Includes OptiChek3D software If you have any questions or need further information, please feel free to send us a message.

Condition: used, Measuring instrument for measuring internal diameters – used bore gauge Internal micrometer – tube construction with interchangeable extensions, measuring head with extensions, internal measuring screw set in a case, manufacturer: Mahr Measuring screw, measuring range for internal dimension: 200-225 mm, scale value: 1/100 with extensions: 25 mm 50 mm 100 mm 200 mm 400 mm Lredpfx Aozux Nkec Aet Price on request All technical specifications are subject to typographical errors and errors. Sale exclusively to countries within the EU.

Condition: ready for operation (used), Mahr Marshaft MAN 400 manual shaft measuring station, shaft measuring machine, measuring machine Mahr Marshaft MAN 400: Measuring range, length: 400 mm Year of manufacture: 2011 MarCheck: Mahr UTS 90-M: Mahr LTS 100: Mahr DMS 120 Year of manufacture: 2014 Year of manufacture: 2016 Year of manufacture: 2011 Year of manufacture: 2011 You are welcome to visit us for an inspection. We would be happy to arrange cost-effective shipping for you! You will receive a proper invoice. For foreign customers, a net invoice can also be issued. A valid VAT identification number is required. Subject to prior sale. Lodpfx Ajzmr D Eec Ajrt Visit our shop and check out our other offers. The company names and trademarks mentioned are the property of their respective owners and are used solely for identification and description of the products. Deviations from technical data and errors in the description of the item may occur and are subject to change.

Year of construction: 2017, condition: excellent (used), Ferrari Sistemi IM 1050 Cheese Wrapper Manufacturer: Ferrari Sistemi Model: IM 1050 Machine Type: Automatic Cheese Wrapping / Packaging Machine Country of Manufacture: Italy Application: Cheese processing and packaging Technical Description The Ferrari Sistemi IM 1050 is an industrial automatic cheese wrapping machine designed for the packaging of cheese products within an automated or semi-automated cheese processing line. The machine is suitable for use in dairy and cheese-processing environments and is designed for continuous industrial operation. Its stainless-steel construction and food-processing design make it suitable for hygienic cheese production and packaging applications. Lodpfxsz Dvl Ee Ac Aert Individual piece or complete cut & pack room available Ferrai machine (block cutting options) - 5T/Hr - 2017 Cryovac machine - 5T/Hr - 1980 Metal detector - 5T/Hr - Around 2006 DEM labeller - 5T/Hr - 2018 Bypass - 4T/Hr - Around 2010

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2013, machine/vehicle number: 2690/07, Mahr Perthometer PGK 120 Lrjdpfx Acoy D Eads Aet Measuring range: 100 [x in mm] Max. load capacity: 10 kg with cross table Probe system: MFW-250 (measuring range: in z ±0.25 mm) Measuring principle: tactile-inductive Contact forces: 1–3 mN Probe: roughness probe (tip radius 2–5 µm, opening angle 60° and 90°)

Condition: refurbished (used), Year of construction: 2025, operating hours: 20 h, functionality: fully functional, measuring range X-axis: 1,000 mm, measuring range Y-axis: 1,000 mm, measuring range Z-axis: 350 mm, workpiece weight (max.): 50 kg, warranty duration: 12 months, total height: 1,950 mm, type of input current: AC, total width: 1,900 mm, total length: 2,020 mm, travel distance X-axis: 1,000 mm, travel distance Y-axis: 1,000 mm, travel distance Z-axis: 350 mm, overall weight: 5,800 kg, input voltage: 230 V, compressed air connection: 6 bar, year of last overhaul: 2025, Equipment: documentation/manual, lighting, type plate available, Reference Measuring Device Mahr OMS 1000 Multisensor The all-round measuring device for the broadest range of components or pallet measurements Factory-refurbished premium multisensor measuring center with warranty, rebuilt in 2025. INCLUDES latest software update, 18 months of free software update service, free lifetime software hotline and user support. Delivery with factory service or freight forwarding, worldwide. Online or on-site demonstrations with customer parts available, application-specific consultation by accredited Profitech metrology laboratories during project planning. Full service possible: Lrsdpfxexbpgts Ac Aot – Delivery, installation, commissioning, accuracy acceptance according to standards, certification, and comprehensive acceptance documentation. Customized training and education programs also available as online courses. Rental, hire-purchase, or financing possible directly through Profitech and without a financial institution. Measuring device can be configured individually to customer requirements. Measurement accuracy: E1 = 1.3 + L / 400µm E2 = 0.9 + L / 600µm E3 = 2.2 + L / 300µm Measuring range: approx. 1000 x 1000 x 350 mm Includes optical sensor (camera & laser) Renishaw TP200 probe system incl. Standard Force Module CNC control incl. hand control panel 27-inch flatscreen monitor Evaluation station incl. Windows 10 operating system (Windows 11 available on request) New Opticheck 3D 5.0 software Active vibration damping (pneumatic) suitable for production-related measurements Optical sensor: • Pure grayscale image processing • Fast, digital image processor • Automatic feature and edge filter • Error documentation via program-controlled video image storage • Multifunctional multi-window technology • White telecentric transmitted light • Coaxial reflected light • 3D multi-sensor head Laser Sensor: Laser preparation for laser autofocus. Software-controlled intensity regulation for adaptation to different materials. Software: • Full version WITHOUT subscription model or maintenance contract • User-friendly, interactive programming • Symbolic representation of the program structure • Multitasking enables parallel measuring and evaluation • Powerful basic editor for customer-specific programs • Automatic sensor calibration • Geometry elements: point, line, circle (envelope, best-fit and circumscribed circle), ellipse, plane, cylinder, cone, sphere • Geometry functions: intersection, distance, angle, perpendicular, symmetry • Form & position tolerances: straightness, roundness, flatness, cylindricity, parallelism, perpendicularity, inclination, position, symmetry, concentricity, run-out, total run-out, flatness run-out, total flatness run-out • Maximum material condition (MMC) • Up-to-date tolerance tables according to common DIN standards • Software module for creating any factory-specific tolerance tables

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2015, functionality: fully functional, machine/vehicle number: SAA81E9S0112721, Technical characteristics: System Components - XR1 Evaluation Unit: PC-based system with MarWin software - SD26 Drive Unit: Skidless tracing system with motorized height adjustment - ST-G Measuring Stand: Granite base (500 × 300 mm) with manual column adjustment Measurement Capabilities - Tracing length: 1.75 mm, 5.6 mm, 17.5 mm (DIN/ISO); 1–16 mm (ISO 12085) - Tracing speed: 0.2 mm/s or 1 mm/s - Positioning speed (X-axis): 5 mm/s - Height adjustment (Z-axis): 7.5 mm motorized - Positioning speed (Z-axis): 2 mm/s - Measuring range: ±250 µm (±500 µm with extended probe arm) - Probe force: ~0.7 mN Lrsdpfsxx R Rnox Ac Ast Probe System: BFW 250 (skidless, magnetic mount for fast change) Software & Evaluation - Supported parameters: R, P, W, Motif, D profiles - Standards: ISO, JIS, MOTIF (ISO 12085) - Features: - Over 80 surface parameters - Automatic cutoff and measuring path selection - Quick & easy measuring programs - PDF report generation - ASCII export and USB data transfer - Multi-user levels and calibration reminders Hardware & Interface - PC: All-in-one or industrial PC (optional) - Connectivity: USB and Bluetooth (for drive unit) - Display: Touchscreen interface with intuitive icons Accessories: - CT 120 cross table - Calibration set - Magnetic probe arm holder - Optional contour evaluation module Machine status: WORKING

Condition: ready for operation (used), Year of construction: 2024, Lease Return Mahr MarSurf XP 20 Professional CNC surface and contour measuring station – manufactured in 2024 Technical Data Manufacturer: Mahr Model: MarSurf XP 20 Professional – Series 1000 Year of Manufacture: 2024 Condition: Used Equipment MarSurf XP 20 Professional with LD control MarWin Professional Contour & Roughness Plus CNC-Plus Software QS-STAT Plus (Q-DAS interface) Industrial PC (Dell) with Windows 10 IoT Enterprise Feed unit MarSurf LD 130 Feed length: 130 mm Standard measuring stroke Z: 13 mm Probe arm changer for up to 10 probe arms 4-axis CNC workpiece positioning system Swivel axis ±135° Rotary axis ±170° Linear axis X: 400 mm Linear axis Y: 400 mm Positioning accuracy: approx. ±250 µm (X/Y/Z) Hard stone measuring plate with mechanical-pneumatic vibration isolation CNC measuring column 17" touchscreen Control cabinet Soundproofed protective enclosure Machine dimensions Enclosure (W × D × H): 1450 × 1300 × 2270 mm Accessories Adapter plate X/Y/Z offset Manual chuck DM28 Signal tower Probe arm set Additional probe arm 32 GB RAM Complete technical documentation (digital and in paper form) Lrodpfx Acszqzn Uj Ast Description For sale is a high-quality CNC surface and contour measuring station from Mahr. The system is suitable for highly precise measuring tasks in industrial quality control and features extensive equipment with professional measuring and evaluation software as well as an automatic 4-axis positioning system. The system was delivered in 2024 and is in used condition. Please note the following: The height and weight of the asset must be taken into account when selecting the transport vehicle. A forklift is available for loading. If the item is not collected on time, a storage fee of €20.00 per lot and day (or part thereof) will be charged. The fee must be paid before collection. The sale is made without any warranty or guarantee. The information on the technical data comes from the original offer. No liability is assumed for printing or measurement errors. If in doubt, please compare the information with the provided photos or inspect the goods on site before the end of the auction.

Condition: good (used), Offered here is a measuring microscope from the manufacturer Mahr. Manufacturer: Mahr Type: WMZ Lsdpozu I Enefx Ac Ajrt Serial No.: M-073-08

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2005, functionality: fully functional, workpiece height (max.): 300 mm, type of input current: three-phase, workpiece width (max.): 220 mm, This machine is in very good condition, was not used as much as anticipated. Lsdozifmljpfx Ac Aert

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2017, functionality: fully functional, machine/vehicle number: D714 HDB, Tetra Pak Separator Centri D714 HDB 22,000L 2017 The separator is part of a large cheese plant which has just become available in Ireland. Please contact for more details. Ljdpfxezy Riye Ac Asrt

Condition: excellent (used), Professional outside micrometer from the renowned brand Mahr, designed for precise measurements in industry, workshops, and laboratories. The device features high accuracy and robust construction, while its large LCD display enables quick and convenient readout of results. . Measuring range: 25–50 mm / 1–2” . Resolution: 0.001 mm (1 µm) . Functions: ZERO, ABS, REL, TOL . Protection class: IP65 – dust and splash resistant . Power supply: CR2032 battery (3 V) . Ergonomic, precision design made of hardened steel . Clear LCD display . Catalogue number: 4157042 . Manufacturer: Mahr GmbH – Germany Included: . Mahr Micromar 40 EWR-S digital micrometer . Calibration standard . Adjustment key . Documentation and user manual . Original carrying case Device condition: very good – fully functional and ready for operation. An excellent choice for industrial plants, precision workshops, and measurement laboratories. Lsdpsxl Rf Ssfx Ac Ajrt

Condition: ready for operation (used), functionality: fully functional, Year of construction: 2007, operating hours: 37,000 h, controller model: Siemens Sinumerik 840 D, laser power: 3,200 W, travel distance X-axis: 2,500 mm, travel distance Y-axis: 1,250 mm, travel distance Z-axis: 115 mm, TECHNICAL DETAILS Laser power: 3,200 watts Travel range, X-axis: 2,500 mm Travel range, Y-axis: 1,250 mm Travel range, Z-axis: 115 mm Sheet thickness, structural steel max.: approx. 20 mm Sheet thickness, stainless steel max.: approx. 15 mm Sheet thickness, aluminum max.: approx. 8 mm MACHINE DETAILS Control system: Siemens Sinumerik 840 D Total connected load approx.: 88 kVA Machine hours: 74,000 h Beam hours: 37,000 h Dimensions & Weight Footprint: 8,660 x 6,110 x 2,700 mm Machine weight: approx. 7,300 kg EQUIPMENT Closed machine frame with integrated laser unit Automatic pallet changer TFT color screen Positioning laser diode Spray device Lodpfoz A D Irsx Ac Asrt Motion unit for high-precision machining Additional high-dynamic Yp axis Drives with maintenance-free three-phase servomotors Closed beam guidance Conveyor for small parts and waste TRUMPF laser CO2 laser TruFlow 3200 High-frequency excitation Low-maintenance turbo radial blower Gas mixer (integrated) Laser power control Laser logbook function Laser cutting head with 5" lens Laser cutting head with 7.5" lens Universal quick-change device ControlLine Control system SINUMERIK 840D Automatic shut-off ContourLine SprintLine Teleservice Microweld RJ45 network connection Network connection via telediagnostics CE marking Light barriers Multi-chamber extraction system Compact dust collection system

Condition: excellent (used), Mahr Here we offer you a Helio-Pan II. Max. workpiece weight 30 kg at a center height of 100 mm 80 kg at a center height of 150 mm Measuring range, length: 0 mm to 700 mm Measuring range, outer diameter: 0 mm to 120 mm Max. measurable throw: 100 mm Center height: 100 mm Measuring blades/probe and caliper: 1 mm x 5 mm Dimensions (W x D x H) Machine: 2060 mm x 920 mm x 1750 mm Controller box: 600 mm x 800 mm x 2200 mm Weight: approx. 900 kg Electrical power: 230 V / 1200 W / 50 Hz Air pressure: 6 bar Type: Helio-Pan II 700 Scope of delivery: (See image) Ljdpfx Acszd R U Ds Asrt We will gladly answer any further questions you may have over the phone. Written orders can be placed via email or fax.

Condition: excellent (used), Professional digital micrometer from the renowned brand Mahr – model Micromar 40 EWR(i) – designed for extremely precise measurements with accuracy up to 0.001 mm. The device in IP65 version is resistant to dust and water, making it ideal for applications in metrology, quality control, and industrial workshops. . Measuring range: 100 – 125 mm . Accuracy: 0.001 mm . Digital readout with large, easy-to-read LCD display . Protection rating: IP65 – resistant to dust and splashes . “ABS” and “Hold” functions – quick measurement hold and zeroing function . High-stiffness frame, ergonomic grip . Includes original box, certificate, user manual, and 100 mm calibration standard . Condition: virtually new / only used for testing Ljdpfx Acexl Rgij Ajrt

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2012, functionality: fully functional, Tetra Pak Separator 2012 Lodezy Rluepfx Ac Aort

Condition: like new (used), Year of construction: 2025, operating hours: 30 h, functionality: fully functional, measuring range X-axis: 800 mm, measuring range Y-axis: 800 mm, measuring range Z-axis: 500 mm, workpiece weight (max.): 100 kg, warranty duration: 12 months, type of input current: AC, input voltage: 230 V, compressed air connection: 6 bar, Equipment: documentation/manual, type plate available, High-Precision Reference Measuring Center – Mahr OMS 800/500 HA Multisensor Coordinate Measuring Center with Extended Z-Axis Measuring Range Factory overhauled and modernized in 2025 – ready for immediate use. Technical Data Measuring range: 800 × 800 × 500 mm Sensors: - Optical sensor: Camera & laser (active measurement) - Renishaw TP200 touch probe (other options: TP20, SP25, etc.) - Camera system with 10x objective (optional: 1x, 5x, 20x) - 3D multisensor head MSH with transmitted light, incident light, laser & probe mount Software: OptiCheck3D 2025 – user-friendly, interactive programming Evaluation station: High-performance PC with Windows 11 Professional (64bit) Accuracy: - Length measurement uncertainty: E1 = 0.9 + L/600 µm - E3 = 1.9 + L/400 µm (L in mm) - Scale resolution: 0.1 µm Dimensions / Weight: - Size: 2360 × 1940 × 3300 mm - Weight: approx. 8090 kg - Max. workpiece weight: 50 kg (glass), 100 kg (granite), extendable - Traverse speed: max. 200 mm/s Device Details Model: Mahr MarVision OMS 800/500 HA CNC Design: High-precision, air-bearing multisensor measuring center Special feature: Active vibration damping (BILZ Bi Air) Condition: From laboratory use in precision measurement room, factory-refurbished in 2024 New price of comparable equipment: from approx. €650,000 Delivery time: approx. 4 weeks from order Highlights - Leasing option: 0% interest, without bank transaction - Factory overhaul 01/2024 with warranty & guarantee - Live demo: Available online or on-site - Optional service package: Worldwide transport, commissioning, calibration/certification, training, user instruction - 18 months free: Software update service & hotline support - Software: Full license OptiCheck3D (no subscription fees) - Remote service: Online board support directly at the measuring device Lsdpfx Aoxbyxyec Aert - Custom modifications & retrofits on request - Latest 64-bit CNC controller & evaluation station (Windows 10/11) Supply & Environment - Compressed air: 6 bar ±0.1 bar (filtered, ISO 8573-1, consumption approx. 160 Nl/min) - Voltage: 115/230 V ±10%, 50/60 Hz ±5%, 2500 VA Environment: - Temperature: 20 °C ±1 K - Humidity: 40–70% RH - Vibrations: < 5 µm amplitude at < 5 Hz Service & Demo - Online demos available at short notice - Optional on-site demonstration at customer location

Condition: ready for operation (used), Year of construction: 2012, MarSurf M400 MarSurf SD 26 Mahr roughness measuring device with evaluation unit Brand: MAHR Model: MarSurf M 400 Touch probe: Free touch probe Measuring range roughness: +/- 250 µm, +/- 750 µm Scanning distance min.: 1.75 mm Scanning distance max.: 17.5 mm Cut-off wavelength: 0.25 mm, 0.8 mm, 2.5 mm Measuring profile memory (number of individual values): 40000 STK Measuring profile memory (number of profiles): 30 ST New price: 11.190 € net - Bluetooth connection between the feed unit and the display unit. - Measure in all directions horizontally, vertically and overhead. You are welcome to visit us for an inspection. You will receive a proper invoice. A net invoice can also be issued for foreign customers. Prerequisite is a valid VAT number. Subject to prior sale. Lrodpfx Aeq Nl Ewoc Ajt Visit our store and have a look at our other offers. Company names and trademarks are the property of their owners and are used only to identify and describe the products. Deviations from technical data and errors in the description of the article may occur and are reserved.