Used Cesab Eco/P70 for sale (5,972)

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2004, Charger Hjdpfx Async Tzjltep

Year of construction: 2026, condition: new, Suitable for automatic machining of PCD-tipped milling cutters, shank tools, disc-shaped tools, and optionally profile tools using the disc electroerosion process. Accessories: Total enclosure, SK 40 or 50 workpiece carrier according to preference, Cooling unit for dielectric, Automatic fire extinguishing system, Measuring probe, SK 40 or 50 measuring mandrel depending on workpiece carrier, Alphanumeric keyboard for data management, Software package for peripheral machining of end mills and jointing cutters, linear machining in all common axis directions, Software package for compact and radius machining, profile cutters in path-travel and plunge-cutting processes, Software package for profile tools, 4-path program for peripheral electrodes, Software package for circular saws for complete machining of tooth backs and flanks of all common geometries, Automatic central lubrication, 1 short dressing holder, 1 mounting flange for erosion wheel. Hodpfx Aey T It Eoltep Machine is brand new!! Originally packed and full warranty from Vollmer! Cutter outer diameter: max. 250 mm Shank tool diameter: from 10 - 100 mm Outside diameter of disc-shaped tools: 380mm cutting length: Max. 20 mm Cutting length: Max. 20 mm Tangential clearance angle: max. 6 ° Radial clearance angle: -15° to + 6° Chamfering: automatic max. 70° X axis travel: 280 mm Z-axis travel: 330 mm workpiece carrier cone: SK 50 Y axis travel: 280 mm Workpiece carrier cone: SK 50 A-axis rotation range: 360° B-axis swivel range: +/- 30 ° Tool weight max: 20 kg clearance angle: 30° Dimensions L x W x H: = 1905 x 2520 x 2430 mm Connected load: 3.4 kW (400 V / 50 Hz) colour: grey RAL7045 / RAL 7047 Diameter of rotating electrode: Max. 150 mm Rotational electrode speed: 80 - 1500 rpm weight: approx. 3000 kg

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2022, fuel type: electric, Please contact Gebrauchtgeräte Center for more information Hsdpjzfpahsfx Altop

Year of construction: 2007, condition: used, Empty weight: 2.500 kg Dimensions (LxBxH): 170 x 210 x 230 cm Price: On request - Year: 2007 Hsdownip Rspfx Altjp - Documentation available: Yes - CE marking present: Yes - CE certificate present: No - Serial number: 750283 - Drive system: CNC - Power [kW]: 7.0 - Number of axes [pcs]: 3 - X-axis travel [mm]: 450 - Y-axis travel [mm]: 300 - Z-axis travel [mm]: 400 - Table length [mm]: 920 - Table width [mm]: 280 - Tool holder: ISO40 - Min. spindle speed [rpm]: 100 - Max. spindle speed [rpm]: 8000 - Transport dimensions: 1700mm x 2100mm x 2300mm (l x w x h) - Transport weight [kg]: 2500kg - Transport packages [pcs.]: 1 Financial information VAT: The price shown is exclusive of VAT VAT/margin: VAT deductible for entrepreneurs Delivery and trade-in always possible for everything in the industrial sectors Lukas van Rossum

Condition: used, maximum load weight: 12,350 kg, overall weight: 25,350 kg, axle configuration: 3 axles, first registration: 07/2014, next inspection (TÜV): 06/2026, loading space length: 13,820 mm, loading space width: 2,500 mm, total width: 2,550 mm, total height: 4,000 mm, Equipment: ABS, Vehicle Data - Kässbohrer Vehicle Transporter - Semi-Trailer Ecotrans Type SP 9-16 CVtg - Year of manufacture: 08/2014 Dimensions and Weights - Length: 14,020 mm - Width: 2,550 mm - Bmin: 12,000 mm - Gross weight: 25,350 kg - Unladen weight: 13,000 kg - Payload: 12,350 kg - Kingpin / Support load: 9,000 kg Special Features - All hydraulic functions are remote controlled with HETRONIC - Ventilation louvres mounted on the wheel arch between the axles - Vehicle must be weighed in transport position after completion - Weighing certificates must be included with the construction description Body and Equipment - Hydraulic tank mounted on the semi-trailer - Front drive-over platform with 2 locking cylinders - Hydraulic stacking platform in the axle area - Lifting/lowering system operable from the cab - Splash protection mats installed - Access ramps for vehicles with low ground clearance - Winch installed - Ecotrans CVT anti-slip coating - Anti-slip coating on the loading flap Chassis and Axles - CVT galvanized chassis - Air suspension axle assembly SP 9-16 - Brake system with Wabco TEBS E - Electric lifting/lowering system - Kingpin installed - Support legs installed Hydraulics and Operation - Hydraulic system for winch - Hydraulic system for drive-over platform - Hydraulics for the cross-over platform in the axle area - Hydraulics for the loading flap - Hydraulics for spindle drives at front, center, and rear - Control blocks with 10 functions and remote control - Hydraulic oil: OMV hyd OHA 15 Electrics and Lighting - Electrics for Ecotrans CVT - Hetronic remote control - ISO parking socket - Lighting with lamp carrier - Cargo area lighting with work spotlights - Flasher unit and sockets installed - ELEX system installed Tyres - Tyre size: 245/70 R 17.5 XTA2 - Spare wheel included - Wheel / tyre for 6-ton version - Spare wheel cover fitted Box Body and Cladding - Box body for Ecotrans CVT - 6 door wings left and 6 door wings right - Rear portal fitted - Front wall installed - Insulation fitted - Cladding in the semi, neck, low-bed, and axle area - Loading ramps with hanger rail fitted Hedpjy Iikujfx Altjp - Access ladder included Paintwork - Body / box: Arctic White MB 9147 Signage and Documents - Signage in German specification - Accompanying documents in German - Reflective markings according to ECE-R48 - Nameplate set with holes - Trailer type plate included

Condition: good (used), input voltage: 400 V, working width: 600 mm, total width: 3,480 mm, total length: 1,400 mm, total height: 2,640 mm, type of input current: three-phase, overall weight: 2,000 kg, König Eco Twin 800 Dough divider and rounding machine Classic König Rex, 6-row with spreading belt, proofing cabinet Deposition device for 60x80 trays Stainless steel design Connection: 400V, 16A CEE plug Dimensions: approx. 3480 x 1400 x 2640 mm (W x D x H) Used machine Hodpfex Ncc Tex Altsp We have other bakery machines in stock!

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2003, travel -x axis 180 mm travel -z axis 370 mm Hedpoydqnfofx Altsp Total weight, approx. 65 kg dimensions of the machine ca. 2,0 x 1,2 x 2,0 m Tool Presetter DMG Microset - ECO 1

Condition: new, Year of construction: 2026, functionality: fully functional, machine/vehicle number: 2026, total width: 3,700 mm, input voltage: 400 V, input frequency: 50 Hz, empty load weight: 285 kg, DGUV certified until: 06/2028, electrical fuse: 16 A, opening width: 45 mm, space requirement length: 1,235 mm, space requirement width: 3,700 mm, type of input current: three-phase, NEW +++ Dough Sheeter Rondostar 4000 ECO +++ NEW Computer control / Touch panel for all types of dough for sheeting and lamination Stainless steel design, mobile with adjustable feet Sheeting thickness adjustable from 0.2 to 45 mm electrically Electric flour spreader Up to 635 mm product width Includes 2 dough rollers / manual reels Easy tool cleaning Max. 15 kg dough piece weight Dough collection trays on the left and right Only available from us, DGUV V3 certified Machine is mobile Connection: 400V, 16A-CEE plug Dimensions: 3700 x 1235 mm, WxD New machine & SAB certified With warranty Quality from a specialist company! Hedpfx Alsx Ncdkjtep Benefit from over 35 years of experience! Options: Automatic reels Maintenance contract Service package Spare parts box Trailing device Delivery service Instruction and commissioning We have other top dough sheeters in stock!

Condition: new, Year of construction: 2026, functionality: fully functional, machine/vehicle number: 2026, warranty duration: 24 months, input voltage: 230 V, DGUV certified until: 06/2027, total length: 825 mm, total width: 520 mm, total height: 950 mm, input frequency: 50 Hz, type of input current: AC, power: 1.8 kW (2.45 HP), electrical fuse: 10 A, spiral kneader Model: ECO 18 Kneading machine with mature and robust technology! LED control Dough machine with 2 timers 2 gears in 10 steps for min/max 2.5 to 18 kg of dough flour dust hood Stainless steel boiler and spiral Machine mobile with 4 brakes DGUV V3 tested Connection 220V, 1.8 kW, Schuko plug Dimensions: 520 x 825 x 950 mm, WxDxH NEW machine With 24 months warranty TOP selection of bakery machines! Hodpem Tqyksfx Altep

Condition: good (used), Year of construction: 1998, operating hours: 7,841 h, functionality: fully functional, machine/vehicle number: M086346C3G D, spindle speed (max.): 15,000 rpm, spindle speed (min.): 15 rpm, spindle motor power: 22,000 W, Vertical turret lathe with CNC Hjdpfx Astmrdpoltjp Control: FANUC Series O-T Number of turrets: 1 Number of tools stations: 12 Chip conveyor: SB 30 Boring bar holder: Diameter 50 mm The machine is still under power.

Condition: good (used), Year of construction: 2006, operating hours: 40,000 h, functionality: fully functional, machine/vehicle number: M086, spindle speed (max.): 1,500 rpm, spindle speed (min.): 15 rpm, spindle motor power: 22,000 W, Vertical turret lathe with CNC Control: FANUC Series 18i-TB Number of turrets: 1 Hsdpstmq Ukjfx Altep Number of tools stations: 12 Chip conveyor: 3508734 Boring bar holder: dia. 50 mm The machine is still under power.

Year of construction: 2011, condition: ready for operation (used), Swing diameter over bed/facing slide: 330mm/260mm, max. turning diameter: 200mm, max. turning length: 450mm, travel X/Z: 160mm/450mm, rapid traverse: 30m/min, speed: 5000rpm, tool stations: 12, tool holder: VDI30, max. workpiece weight: 100kg. Machine dimensions X/Y/Z: approx. 3300mm/1750mm/2400mm, weight: approx. 3800kg. Documentation available. An on-site inspection is possible. Hodpfx Aljzdkphjtop

Year of construction: 2011, condition: ready for operation (used), A CNC universal lathe is available. Swing diameter over bed/facing slide: 680mm/465mm, max. turning diameter: 465mm, max. turning length: 1050mm, travel X/Z: 300mm/1050mm, rapid traverse: 20m/min, speed: 3250rpm, tool positions: 12, tool holder: VDI40. Machine dimensions X/Y/Z: approx. 3300mm/1950mm/2500mm, weight: approx. 7500kg. Documentation available. An on-site inspection is possible. Hsdpfx Ajzdkpbeltop

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2009, turning diameter 465 mm Hjdpfx Aljzaf Ewotsp turning length 1050 mm control Heidenhain x-axis 300 mm weight of the machine ca. 7600 kg

Condition: reconditioned (used), functionality: fully functional, warranty duration: 3 months, input voltage: 400 V, DGUV certified until: 06/2027, year of last overhaul: 2026, total length: 1,175 mm, total width: 800 mm, total height: 1,370 mm, input frequency: 50 Hz, type of input current: three-phase, power: 9.6 kW (13.05 HP), electrical fuse: 32 A, Spiral mixer / dough machine Kemper Model: SP 75 ECO proven technology ... already tried and tested many times! simple manual control 2 speeds, 2 timers TOP mixing machine for doughs from 6 to 120 kg Hjdpfx Aswq Higoltop stainless steel bowl and spiral robust technology Dimensions: 800 x 1190 x 1280/1700 mm, W x D x H Connection 400V, 32A-CEE plug Used machine, refurbished with warranty + spare parts service Option: Delivery service Maintenance contract Service package E-Box Instruction and commissioning We have many more TOP spiral mixers in stock!

Condition: new, Year of construction: 2026, functionality: fully functional, machine/vehicle number: 2026, warranty duration: 24 months, input voltage: 230 V, DGUV certified until: 06/2028, total length: 700 mm, total width: 505 mm, total height: 870 mm, input frequency: 50 Hz, type of input current: AC, power: 1.3 kW (1.77 HP), electrical fuse: 10 A, spiral kneader Model: ECO 12 Kneading machine with mature and robust technology! LED control Dough machine with 2 timers 2 gears in 10 steps for min/max 1.5 to 12 kg of dough flour dust hood Stainless steel boiler and spiral Machine mobile with 4 brakes DGUV V3 tested Connection 220V, 1.3 kW, Schuko plug Hedomfnuiopfx Altop Dimensions: 505 x 700 x 870 mm, WxDxH NEW machine With 24 months warranty Visit our large bakery machine park!

Condition: used, Year of construction: 1999, dimensions of saw-band 4200 x 34 x 1,1 mm saw band length 4200 mm cutting speed 15 - 150 m/min capacity 90 degrees: round 325 mm capacity 45 degrees: round 300 mm capacity 90 degrees: flat 500 x 300 mm capacity 45 degrees: flat 300 x 300 mm Hsdpfoyv Nk Djx Altsp cutting speed 15 - 150 m/min Working height 750 mm dimensions 1300 x 2050 x 1400 mm

Condition: used, mileage: 285,089 km, power: 309 kW (420.12 HP), first registration: 12/2012, fuel type: diesel, empty load weight: 9,440 kg, maximum load weight: 8,560 kg, overall weight: 18,000 kg, tire size: 315/80R22.5, wheelbase: 5,700 mm, fuel: diesel, brakes: intarder, color: yellow, driver cabin: other, gearing type: automatic, emission class: none, suspension: other, number of seats: 2, total length: 9,480 mm, Year of construction: 2012, construction height: 4,000 mm, number of beds: 1, Equipment: air conditioning, cruise control, onboard computer, tail-lift, trailer coupling, The Iveco Stralis AS 190 S 420 ECO, built in 2012, is a reliable commercial vehicle distinguished by its Euro 5 diesel technology. With an impressive engine output of 309 kW (420 hp) and a displacement of 10,308 cc, it delivers high performance and efficiency. The vehicle has a mileage of 285,089 km and is equipped with an automatic transmission, which enhances driving comfort. The truck is finished in an attractive yellow metallic paint and meets the requirements for the green emissions sticker. With a valid technical inspection (HU) until February 2026, the Stralis is ready for use without the need for an imminent inspection. Its dimensions of 4,000 mm height, 2,550 mm width, and 9,480 mm length make it highly versatile, further supported by a wheelbase of 5,700 mm. Hedpfxswwmx Ij Altjp Key features include air suspension, automatic climate control, a tow hitch (AHK), and a retarder, providing efficient braking support. The truck is also equipped with a tail lift (LBW) for easier loading operations. Sale exclusively to commercial operators (agricultural businesses, freelancers, small and large enterprises) or for export. Subject to prior sale and errors excepted.

Condition: used, mileage: 366,769 km, power: 309 kW (420.12 HP), first registration: 10/2011, fuel type: diesel, empty load weight: 9,630 kg, maximum load weight: 16,370 kg, overall weight: 26,000 kg, tire size: 315/80 R22,5, fuel: diesel, brakes: intarder, color: yellow, driver cabin: other, gearing type: automatic, emission class: none, suspension: other, number of seats: 2, total length: 9,500 mm, Year of construction: 2011, construction height: 4,000 mm, number of beds: 1, Equipment: ABS, air conditioning, onboard computer, traction control, trailer coupling, Shifts up to 2nd gear. Hedpfx Alsupac Iotep The used Iveco STRALIS AS 260 S42 is a reliable truck of emission class Euro 5, making it ideal for commercial operators in sectors such as agriculture and export. Equipped with a powerful 309 kW (420 HP) engine and a displacement of 10,308 cc, it offers impressive performance. The truck features an automatic transmission and has a mileage of 366,769 km. First registered in October 2011, the vehicle is in good condition and is supported by a green environmental badge. The yellow metallic paintwork gives the vehicle a striking appearance. Useful features such as a steering axle, lift axle, and an INTARDER system provide enhanced handling and safety. In addition, the installed air conditioning ensures driving comfort. This Iveco truck has a total height of 4,000 mm, a width of 2,500 mm, and a length of 9,500 mm, with a permissible gross weight of 26,000 kg. For transport purposes, the vehicle offers cargo options and a trailer hitch mechanism (AHK). Interested buyers can inspect the vehicle without prior appointment from Monday to Friday or on Saturdays. Sale only to commercial operators (agriculture, freelancers, small and large businesses) or for export. Errors and prior sale excepted.

Condition: new, gearing type: other, driver cabin: other, Vehicle location: Bovenden, BPW axles. Hjdpfei Rnxxex Altop Superstructure: Axles, drum brakes, available in pairs. Price per axle! ACCESSORY INFORMATION WITHOUT GUARANTEE, subject to changes, prior sale, and errors!

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2019, gearing type: other, first registration: 01/2019, mileage: 1,001 km, driver cabin: other, Vehicle location: Bovenden, Hsdpfopccblsx Altop Structure: Saxon brake tester B 99 GF-ECO A modern, fully digitalized brake tester, for trucks, buses, tractors, cars and commercial vehicles up to 15 tonnes permissible axle load, large test width and raised roller position for testing all-wheel drive vehicles, particularly small design for installation in existing foundations and for low depth, automatic test sequence with automatic assignment of axles, braking systems and ovalities, standard with automatic extension aid, soft starter for drive motors and remote control, manufactured exclusively in Germany according to DIN ISO 9001, type approval according to Directive 2011 in Germany, next test date 05/2025, always covered, ACCESSORIES INFORMATION WITHOUT GUARANTEE, changes, prior sale and errors reserved! - .

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2024, New display machine! List price: €32,665,- complete in standard configuration with: Sturdy, torsion-resistant steel frame constructed with welded and bolted assemblies. Louvered top press beam with 6 elements; louvered side press beam with 5 elements. Louvered press beams feature the proven Ganner system tolerance compensation for tightly pressed carcass joints. Counterpressure surfaces (side pressure wall and bottom) are 38 mm thick, coated, continuous support plates. Continuous pressing surface with a height of 95 mm at the lower vertical press beam. Electromotive adjustment of both press beams via precision trapezoidal threaded spindles (with increased pitch and running accuracy) and high-performance running nuts with grease reservoir. Pressing is performed electromechanically via two separate worm gear motors (2 x 0.75 kW). The pressing force of the press beams is continuously adjustable via 2 potentiometers and controlled electronically by frequency converters, ensuring absolutely wear-free force control. Pressing force for the horizontal press beam: min. 500 daN (kg), steplessly adjustable up to max. 2200 daN (kg). Pressing force for the vertical press beam: min. 300 daN (kg), steplessly adjustable up to max. 2200 daN (kg). Pressing and adjustment speed of the press beams with fine positioning, selectable via three-position rotary switch: 5 / 10 / 25 mm/second. Very simple operation using 6 separate push buttons; 8 movement sequences selectable via control system. Freely adjustable pressing time preselection with automatic opening from 0–30 min (switchable to seconds or hours). Working height/feed height: 300 mm. Working dimensions: Length min: 150 mm, max: 2500 mm; Height min: 150 mm, max: 1400 mm; Depth: 700 mm. Weight: approx. 1800 kg net. Dimensions (Length x Width x Height): 3.45 m x 0.95 m x 2.30 m. Electrical connection: 400V, 3Ph, 50Hz (3.2 kVA, 16A). Hsdpfx Aouf Hx Hjltsp Additional equipment: Rapid traverse speed for quick positioning of the press beams, controlled via automatic workpiece detection with sensors in the press beams. Pressing speeds of 5 / 10 / 25 mm/sec and rapid traverse speed of 50 mm/sec; sensors can be deactivated for pressing special components. 1 set of machine feet (working height 500 mm). Storage location:

Condition: used, maximum load weight: 28,100 kg, overall weight: 34,000 kg, axle configuration: 3 axles, first registration: 04/1999, next inspection (TÜV): 06/2026, loading space volume: 45 m³, total width: 2,550 mm, Year of construction: 1999, Equipment: ABS, 3-axle Feldbinder tipping silo semi-trailer, 45 m³ VIN: 0F07197 Chassis / Components: * Air suspension * Lift axle * Haacon support legs * Jost support legs at the rear * Tires: 385/65 R.22,5 * Remaining tread depth: 1. ~40/10% 2. ~20/50% 3. ~20/10% * 3 x BPW Eco axles with drum brakes * 2 x PVC storage boxes * Aluminum rims Hjdpfxjzcil Hs Altjp * NATO plug Superstructure: * Hyva tipping cylinder, max. 220 bar * Volume: approx. 55 m³ * Loading pressure gauge * 1 x outlet at the rear * 4 x manhole covers * 2 x hose connections per side Weights: * Gross vehicle weight 34,000 kg * Payload 28,100 kg * Tare weight 5,900 kg Other: * German registration * Valid MOT (TÜV) New main inspections / safety checks or weight reductions/increases are possible upon request. We will gladly assist you in obtaining export/transfer license plates. We can also arrange for the transport of your purchased vehicles within Germany. Contact us! We speak the following languages: German, English, and Russian! No liability for printing and typographical errors, changes, prior sale, and errors. Subject to change! Who are we? Leible Nutzfahrzeuge is a family-owned company based in Kehl am Rhein. Thanks to our many years of experience in the refurbishment and sale of commercial vehicles, we are a reliable partner for customers worldwide. The particular strength of Leible Nutzfahrzeuge lies in the sale of new and used commercial vehicles. A wide variety of vehicles can be found on our 11,000 m² site. Our corporate philosophy is characterized by fairness and integrity. Since customer satisfaction is very important to us, we offer our customers an excellent all-round service package and provide them with a competent contact person who will assist them in buying or selling vehicles. Convince yourself! Our services for you: Loading vehicles We will gladly assist you in loading your purchased vehicles. Organizing special transports We will gladly assist you in organizing special transports. Day passes / export license plates We will gladly assist you in obtaining export license plates/short-term license plates. Handling customs formalities We will gladly assist you in handling customs matters.

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2016, functionality: fully functional, Equipment: chip conveyor, X - 2,320 mm, Y - 1,980 mm, Z - 860 mm, with B, C, A axes, HF spindle, 7 kW, 12,000 - 40,000 rpm, max. 5.5 Nm. Sinumerik 840 D Hodewvqmyepfx Altep

Condition: used, maximum load weight: 13,160 kg, overall weight: 18,000 kg, axle configuration: 2 axles, first registration: 06/2006, next inspection (TÜV): 10/2026, loading space length: 4,800 mm, loading space width: 2,300 mm, loading space height: 1,000 mm, loading space volume: 11 m³, Year of construction: 2006, Equipment: ABS, Meiller MZDA 18/21 Tipper Trailer VIN: M08395 Vehicle Data * First registration: 10/26/2006 * Year of manufacture: 2006 * Color: Beige * Axles: 2 x BPW EcoPlus * Suspension: Air * Parking brake: Drum brake Chassis / Components * BPW EcoPlus axles * Air suspension Hodpfx Ajzby I Aeltop * Drum brakes * JOST support at the front * Duomatic * ABS electrical connection * 15-pin electrical connection Body * Meiller Tipper Trailer * Type: MZDA 18/21 * Internal dimensions: 4.80 x 2.30 x 1.00 m * Volume: approx. 11.0 m³ Weights * Permissible total weight: 18,000 kg * Unladen weight: 4,840 kg * Payload: 13,160 kg Tires * 385/65 R22.5 * Axle 1: 50 % / 50 % * Axle 2: 50 % / 50 % Other * German vehicle * TÜV (Technical Inspection): 10/2026 * SP: New main inspections / safety checks or weight reductions/increases are possible upon request. We will gladly assist you in obtaining export/transfer license plates. We can also arrange for the transport of your purchased vehicles within Germany. Contact us! We speak the following languages: German, English, and Russian! No liability for printing & typographical errors, changes, prior sales, and mistakes. We reserve the right to make these. Who are we? Leible Nutzfahrzeuge is a family-owned company based in Kehl on the Rhine. Thanks to our many years of experience in the preparation and sale of commercial vehicles, we are a reliable partner for customers worldwide. The particular strength of Leible Nutzfahrzeuge lies in the sale of new and used commercial vehicles. On 11,000 m², you will find a variety of vehicles. Our corporate philosophy is characterized by fairness and reliability. As customer satisfaction is very important to us, we offer our customers an excellent all-round service package and provide them with a competent contact person who will support them in the purchase or sale of vehicles. See for yourself! Our service for you: Loading of vehicles We will gladly help you with the loading of your purchased vehicles. Organization of special transports We will gladly help you with the organization of special transports. Day license plates / export license plates We will gladly help you in obtaining export license plates/short-term license plates. Handling of customs formalities We will gladly help you with the handling of customs matters.