Used Cormak Base 63×2000 Cr-41 for sale (21,618)
Sort results
- Lowest price Highest price
- Newest listings Oldest listings
- Shortest distance Farthest distance
- Newest year of manufacture Oldest year of manufacture
- Latest update Oldest update
- Manufacturer A to Z Manufacturer Z to A
- Relevance
- Lowest price
- Price
- Highest price
- Price
- Newest listings
- Release date
- Oldest listings
- Release date
- Shortest distance
- Distance
- Farthest distance
- Distance
- Newest year of manufacture
- Year of construction
- Oldest year of manufacture
- Year of construction
- Latest update
- Update
- Oldest update
- Update
- Manufacturer A to Z
- Manufacturer
- Manufacturer Z to A
- Manufacturer
- designation from A to Z
- Description
- designation from Z to A
- Description
- Model from A to Z
- Model
- Model from Z to A
- Model
- Lowest reference
- Ref.No.
- Highest reference
- Ref.No.
- Shortest runtime
- Runtime
- Longest duration
- Runtime
- Relevance
- Relevance
Listing
Siedlce
2,045 km
Press brake
CORMAKBASE 63×2000 CR-41
Call
Condition: new, Year of construction: 2026, CORMAK CNC BASE 63x2000 Hydraulic CNC Press Brake
The CORMAK EUROBEND series press brakes are advanced machines designed for sheet metal forming and bending. During the ram cycle, the machine adapts to the required geometric profile, ensuring precise and repeatable bending results. These machines are widely used in industries such as electromechanical manufacturing, light industry, agriculture, shipbuilding, automotive, and aerospace sectors.
Thanks to properly selected punches and dies combined with modern CORMAK CR-41 controllers, these machines can handle even the most demanding bending operations.
Main Features
Safe bending speed up to 10 mm/s
2 front support arms ensuring stability during bending operations
Automatic back gauge adjustment (X-axis)
Automatic beam adjustment (Y-axis)
Manual finger height adjustment (R-axis)
AMADA-type quick punch clamping system for fast tool changes
Segmented punches
Four-sided die allowing bending of various sheet thicknesses
Bosch Rexroth hydraulic system
High-quality electric motor
Technical Specifications
Parameter Value
Nsdpfxey Sgqmo Amnelb
Maximum Sheet Thickness (S235 steel) up to 4.0 mm
Nominal Press Force 630 kN
Maximum Bending Length 2000 mm
Throat Depth 250 mm
Maximum Ram Stroke 120 mm
Maximum Opening Height 370 mm
Distance Between Side Frames 1650 mm
Back Gauge Travel 600 mm
Motor Power 5.5 kW
Length 2155 mm
Width 1500 mm
Height 1850 mm
Weight 3300 kg
Precision and Productivity
The CNC BASE 63x2000 press brake is designed for efficient and highly accurate sheet metal bending. Automatic control of the X and Y axes improves repeatability, reduces setup time, and increases productivity during serial production and custom fabrication tasks.
The segmented punch system and four-sided die provide flexibility for processing different part geometries and material thicknesses while minimizing tooling changeover time.
Reliable Hydraulic System and Modern Control
The machine is equipped with a premium Bosch Rexroth hydraulic system, ensuring smooth operation, durability, and precise pressure control. Combined with the advanced CORMAK CR-41 controller, the press brake delivers intuitive operation and accurate positioning for demanding bending applications.
Applications
The CORMAK CNC BASE 63x2000 is ideal for:
sheet metal fabrication workshops,
industrial production facilities,
automotive component manufacturing,
agricultural machinery production,
shipbuilding industry,
aerospace sector,
custom metalworking operations.
Listing
Siedlce
2,045 km
Press brake
CORMAKBASE 63×1600 CR-41
Call
Condition: new, Year of construction: 2026, Cormak press brakes are advanced devices that enable precise bending of sheet metal thanks to appropriately selected punches and dies. Our offer includes models equipped with DELEM DA-53TX controllers as standard and optionally DELEM DA53T, DA-58T, DA-66T, DA69T and CYBELEC 12 controllers, which provide a wide range of functions, enabling the implementation of the most demanding bending tasks.
Main Features:
Front supports: 2 pieces on linear guides, ensuring stability during bending operations
Y1, Y2 axis adjustment: automatic
Rear stop adjustment (X axis): servo drive on encoders
R axis adjustment: servo drive on encoders
Automatic adjustment of the deflection arrow
Double-sided punch mounting: quick assembly type AMADA, enabling quick tool changes
Technical parameters
Nsdpfx Amjy Sgp Nenolb
Max. thickness of bent sheet metal (S235) up to 6.0 mm
Nominal pressure 1300 kN
Maximum length of bent sheet metal 3200 mm
Depth of cut in beams (throat) 320 mm
Maximum stroke of moving beam 120 mm
Maximum opening height 390 mm
Distance between beams 2700 mm
Rear bumper departure 600 mm
Engine power 9.5 kW
Length 3870 mm
Width 1550 mm
Height 2460 mm
Weight 7400 kg
Additional equipment available. Please contact the seller.
Listing
Siedlce
2,045 km
Press brake
CORMAKBASE 80X2500 CR-41
Call
Condition: new, Year of construction: 2026, CORMAK CNC BASE 80x2500 Hydraulic CNC Press Brake
The CORMAK EUROBEND series press brakes are advanced machines designed for sheet metal forming and bending. During the ram cycle, the machine adapts to the required geometric profile, ensuring precise and repeatable bending results. These machines are widely used across many industries, including electromechanical manufacturing, light industry, agriculture, shipbuilding, automotive, and aerospace sectors.
Thanks to properly selected punches and dies combined with modern CORMAK CR-41 controllers, the machines are capable of performing even the most demanding bending operations.
Main Features
Safe bending speed up to 10 mm/s
2 front support arms ensuring stability during bending operations
Automatic back gauge adjustment (X-axis)
Automatic beam adjustment (Y-axis)
Manual finger height adjustment (R-axis)
AMADA-type quick punch clamping system for fast tool changes
Segmented punches
Four-sided die allowing bending of various sheet thicknesses
Nodpfxey Sgvvs Amnjlb
Bosch Rexroth hydraulic system
High-quality electric motor
Technical Specifications
Parameter Value
Maximum Sheet Thickness (S235 steel) up to 4.0 mm
Nominal Press Force 800 kN
Maximum Bending Length 2500 mm
Throat Depth 250 mm
Maximum Ram Stroke 120 mm
Maximum Opening Height 360 mm
Distance Between Side Frames 2010 mm
Back Gauge Travel 600 mm
Motor Power 5.5 kW
Length 2604 mm
Width 1700 mm
Height 1850 mm
Weight 5900 kg
Precision and Heavy-Duty Performance
The CORMAK CNC BASE 80x2500 press brake is designed for precise, repeatable, and high-capacity sheet metal bending. Automated X and Y axis control improves accuracy, reduces setup time, and increases productivity in both industrial-scale and specialized production environments.
Its robust construction and increased press force make it suitable for processing thicker materials while maintaining high bending precision.
Hydraulic System and Control
The machine is equipped with a reliable Bosch Rexroth hydraulic system, ensuring smooth operation, durability, and precise pressure control. Combined with the advanced CORMAK CR-41 controller, the press brake provides intuitive operation and consistent bending accuracy even for complex components.
Applications
The CORMAK CNC BASE 80x2500 is ideal for:
heavy-duty sheet metal fabrication workshops
industrial manufacturing facilities
automotive industry production
agricultural machinery manufacturing
shipbuilding industry
structural steel processing
aerospace and precision engineering applications

Get information now
+44 20 806 810 84
+44 20 806 810 84
List now
*per listing / month
Listing
Siedlce
2,045 km
Press brake
CORMAKBASE 40X1320 CR-41
Call
Condition: new, Year of construction: 2026, CORMAK CNC BASE 40x1320 Hydraulic CNC Press Brake
The CORMAK EUROBEND series press brakes are advanced machines designed for sheet metal forming and bending. During the ram cycle, the machine adapts to the required geometric profile, ensuring precise and repeatable bending results. These machines are widely used across multiple industries, including electromechanical manufacturing, light industry, agriculture, shipbuilding, automotive, and aerospace sectors.
Thanks to properly selected punches and dies combined with modern CORMAK CR-41 controllers, the machines are capable of executing even the most demanding bending operations.
Main Features
Safe bending speed up to 10 mm/s
2 front support arms ensuring stability during bending operations
Automatic back gauge adjustment (X-axis)
Automatic beam adjustment (Y-axis)
Manual finger height adjustment (R-axis)
AMADA-type quick punch clamping system for fast tool changes
Segmented punches
Four-sided die allowing bending of various sheet thicknesses
Bosch Rexroth hydraulic system
High-quality electric motor
Technical Specifications
Parameter Value
Maximum Sheet Thickness (S235 steel) up to 3.0 mm
Nominal Press Force 400 kN
Maximum Bending Length 1320 mm
Throat Depth 200 mm
Nodpfx Amey Sgq Tenolb
Maximum Ram Stroke 100 mm
Maximum Opening Height 300 mm
Distance Between Side Frames 1000 mm
Back Gauge Travel 600 mm
Motor Power 4.0 kW
Length 1700 mm
Width 1200 mm
Height 1850 mm
Weight 2500 kg
Precision and Productivity
The CORMAK CNC BASE 40x1320 press brake is designed for precise, repeatable, and efficient sheet metal bending. Automated X and Y axis control improves accuracy, reduces setup time, and increases productivity in both small-batch and industrial-scale production.
The segmented punch system and four-sided die provide flexibility for processing different geometries and material thicknesses while minimizing tooling changeover time.
Hydraulic System and Control
The machine is equipped with a reliable Bosch Rexroth hydraulic system, ensuring smooth operation, durability, and precise pressure control. Combined with the CORMAK CR-41 controller, the press brake delivers intuitive operation and high bending accuracy even for complex parts.
Applications
The CORMAK CNC BASE 40x1320 is ideal for:
sheet metal fabrication workshops
industrial production facilities
automotive component manufacturing
agricultural machinery production
shipbuilding industry
aerospace applications
Listing
Siedlce
2,045 km
Press brake
CORMAKBASE 40X1600 CR-41
Call
Condition: new, Year of construction: 2026, CORMAK CNC BASE 40x1600 Hydraulic CNC Press Brake
The CORMAK EUROBEND series press brakes are advanced machines designed for sheet metal forming and bending. During the ram cycle, the machine adapts to the required geometric profile, ensuring precise and repeatable bending results. These machines are widely used across many industries, including electromechanical manufacturing, light industry, agriculture, shipbuilding, automotive, and aerospace sectors.
Thanks to properly selected punches and dies combined with modern CORMAK CR-41 controllers, these machines enable the execution of even the most demanding bending operations.
Main Features
Safe bending speed up to 10 mm/s
2 front support arms ensuring stability during bending operations
Automatic back gauge adjustment (X-axis)
Automatic beam adjustment (Y-axis)
Manual finger height adjustment (R-axis)
AMADA-type quick punch clamping system for fast tool changes
Segmented punches
Four-sided die allowing bending of various sheet thicknesses
Bosch Rexroth hydraulic system
High-quality electric motor
Technical Specifications
Parameter Value
Maximum Sheet Thickness (S235 steel) up to 3.0 mm
Nominal Press Force 400 kN
Maximum Bending Length 1600 mm
Throat Depth 200 mm
Maximum Ram Stroke 100 mm
Nljdpfx Amjy Sgqysnjb
Maximum Opening Height 300 mm
Distance Between Side Frames 1200 mm
Back Gauge Travel 600 mm
Motor Power 4.0 kW
Length 1800 mm
Width 1200 mm
Height 1850 mm
Weight 2750 kg
Precision and Industrial Efficiency
The CORMAK CNC BASE 40x1600 press brake is designed for precise, repeatable, and efficient sheet metal bending. Automated X and Y axis control improves accuracy and reduces setup time, making the machine suitable for both small-batch production and industrial-scale operations.
The segmented punch system and four-sided die provide flexibility in processing different geometries and material thicknesses while minimizing tooling changeover time.
Hydraulic System and Control
The machine is equipped with a reliable Bosch Rexroth hydraulic system, ensuring smooth operation, durability, and precise pressure control. Combined with the CORMAK CR-41 controller, the press brake offers intuitive operation and high bending accuracy even for complex components.
Applications
The CORMAK CNC BASE 40x1600 is ideal for:
sheet metal fabrication workshops
industrial manufacturing facilities
automotive component production
agricultural machinery manufacturing
shipbuilding industry
aerospace applications
custom metalworking projects
Listing
Lingen
1,044 km
Vitronics Soltec reflow oven, type: 6638 Quantis Pro Year of construction
Vitronics Soltec Reflow-Ofen, Typ: 6638 Quantis Pro Baujahr 2000Vitronics Soltec Reflow-Ofen, Typ: 6638 Quantis Pro
Call
Year of construction: 2000, condition: good (used), Vitronics Soltec reflow oven, type: 6638 Quantis Pro
Nledpsq I Shaofx Amnsb
Listing
Siedlce
2,045 km
Sliding Table Saw
CORMAKPS12E-2000
Call
Condition: new, Year of construction: 2026, The PS12E-2000 format saw is a professional carpentry tool that stands out for its versatility and advanced features. This circular saw has been designed for a wide variety of woodworking tasks, offering both precision cutting of narrow and thin boards and handling thick wood tops with a maximum thickness of up to 100mm.
The main features of the saw, the PS12E-2000 wood panel saw:
Two cutting discs: the saw is equipped with two cutting discs - a main disc and an undercutting disc, providing versatile cutting capabilities for different types of wood materials.
MDF undercutter: An additional undercutter has been fitted to the machine, allowing precise cutting of MDF and other wood materials with a similar structure.
Blade height adjustment: offers infinitely variable height adjustment of the cutting saw up to 100 mm, allowing it to be adapted to different material thicknesses.
Disc inclination: The cutting disc can be tilted from 90° to 45°
Solid guideways: The machine has solid guideways with scales, both longitudinal (steel) and angular
Additional format table: the large bearing-mounted format table with support is one of the main advantages of this saw. This makes it possible to process large format boards and materials with a large surface area.
Sawdust discharge system: The woodworking machine is equipped with a sawdust discharge pipe system, which helps keep the work area clean.
Easy disc change: The replacement process is quick and efficient, allowing you to work efficiently.
Nsdpfxjvuf Tmo Amnelb
Side guide with graduation: fitted with a side guide with accurate graduation, which facilitates serial cuts of the same length.
Saw blade guard: the saw has a saw blade guard that can additionally be connected to the extraction system, which guarantees safety and cleanliness in the working area.
Technical data:
Length of the format table [mm] 2000
Cutting width right side [mm] 1260
Swing of saw blade [°] 45
Cutting height at 45° [mm] 80
Cutting height when using circular saw blade 315 90° [mm] 100
Cutting height with saw blade set to 300 90° [mm] 95
Maximum dimension of saw blade [mm] 315 x 30
Maximum dimension of undercut [mm] 100 x 20
RPM of main saw [U/min] 4500
Bowl speed [U/min] 5800
Motor power S1/S6 3.8 kW / 6.1 hp
Power supply 3 phases, 400 V
Weight [kg] 275
Warranty [months] 12
Listing
Siedlce
2,045 km
Sliding Table Saw
CORMAKMJ45-KB-4 (2000)
Call
Condition: new, Year of construction: 2026, A professional sliding table saw for working with high density boards, MDF boards, ABS and PVC panels, solid wood and other wood-based materials of similar structure and hardness. The saw is designed for small and medium carpentry work.
Machine description
Strong, solid and compact design ensures convenient and and failure-free operation
Sliding table saw mounted on a spindle tilting in relation to the worktable capability
Nlsdetz Sm Ajpfx Amnjb
Steel, welded body with a permanent cast iron table and a movable table made of strengthened aluminium – the table of this machine is very durable and does not deform
Technical parameters
Cutting length 2000 mm
Cutting width 1200 mm
Saw tilt 0–45°
Cutting height at 90° 80 mm
Cutting height at 45° 56 mm
Maximum saw dimension 315 mm
Maximum scoring dimension 120 mm
Main saw speed 4000/6000 rpm
Scoring speed 8000 rpm
S1 continuous work motor power 5.5 kW
S1 continuous work scoring motor power 0.75 kW
Weight 460 kg
Listing
Siedlce
2,045 km
Sliding Table Saw
CORMAKPS315PRO-2000
Call
Condition: new, Year of construction: 2026, The CORMAK PS315PRO-2000 sliding table saw with scoring unit is a solid, precise, and versatile machine designed for use in carpentry workshops, furniture manufacturing plants, and wood-based material processing facilities. Thanks to its compact 2000 mm sliding table length, heavy-duty guides, and reliable scoring system, this model performs excellently in the serial cutting of MDF, HDF, plywood, and solid wood panels.
Main Advantages of the Machine
Sliding table saw with scoring unit – a dual-blade system ensures chip-free cutting, even in laminated and single-sided foil-coated materials.
Stable and durable construction – a robust frame, cast iron tables, and steel guides guarantee long service life and resistance to deformation.
Wide adjustment range – blade tilt from 90° to 45° and adjustable main blade height allow for a wide variety of angle and depth cuts.
High rotational speed – 5800 RPM of the main blade ensures clean, fast cuts without material burn marks.
Dust extraction compatibility – an integrated extraction port enables efficient connection to a dust collection system.
Safety and ergonomics – blade guard, rip fence with scale, and safety components increase comfort and operational safety.
Construction and Technology
The PS315PRO-2000 sliding table saw has been designed for maximum stability and reliability. It features a rigid steel frame base, while the main working surfaces are made of precision-ground cast iron. The main cutting blade (Ø 315 mm) works together with a scoring blade (Ø 90 mm), eliminating the risk of chipping.
The machine is equipped with two separate motors, ensuring independent operation of both cutting systems.
Material movement is supported by a sliding carriage with a bearing-mounted guide. Clear length and angle scales allow for quick and precise cutting parameter adjustments.
Precision and Performance
The CORMAK PS315PRO-2000 sliding table saw has been optimized for machining accuracy and ease of use. With rotational speeds of 5800 RPM (main blade) and 4000 RPM (scoring blade), cuts are smooth, burr-free, and minimize the need for further finishing.
The adjustable blade tilt enables precise angle cuts without the need to reposition the material.
Standard Equipment
Main cutting blade
Scoring blade
2000 mm sliding table with support
Rip fence and crosscut fence
Mitre guide
Blade guard with dust extraction port
Nljdoylxhvopfx Amnjb
Table extension
Eccentric clamp
Blade tilt angle indicator
Operation manual
CE Declaration of Conformity
Optional Equipment
Additional cutting blades
Dust extraction system
Technical Specifications
Parameter Value
Sliding table length 2000 mm
Cutting width 1220 mm
Blade tilt 45°
Cutting height at 45° 80 mm
Cutting height at 90° 100 mm
Max. main blade diameter 315 mm
Max. scoring blade diameter 100 mm
Main blade speed 5800 RPM
Scoring blade speed 4000 RPM
Motor power 3.0 kW
Power supply 400 V
Dust extraction port 100 mm
Weight 350 kg
Warranty 12 months
Manual included YES
CE Declaration YES
Listing
Siedlce
2,045 km
Universal lathe 330x700
CORMAKTytan 330 with base
Call
Condition: new, Year of construction: 2026, Universal metal lathe CORMAK 330x700 with base, 230V is equipped with 12-speed gearbox with induction motor (constant speed) 1.1 kW/230V - maximum torque. Recommended for turning hard steels, mechanical turning. It can be used for many tasks, such as internal and external surface turning, taper turning, polishing, metric and inch threading, drilling and broaching. Semi-professional model, used for single and low-volume production. Machine version with base.
Machine description:
Durable and stable construction, the bed is made of high quality cast iron.
12-speed gearbox with induction motor provides optimal rolling mode without loss of maximum torque.
Induction hardened and precision ground bed guides. Appropriate bed width of 160 mm ensures stable and precise working conditions.
Spindle shaft mounted by two angular contact bearings.
38 mm spindle bore for optimal work results, allowing the machining of large diameter shafts.
Spindle motor induction (constant speed) 1.1 kW/230V drive with high power and high torque, optimal for machining steel, non-ferrous materials.
Handwheel carriage with precise 0.5/0.1 mm scale (transverse/longitudinal feed).
The tool slide with a scale, rotates in the range of ± 45°, and the tailstock has a sliding system of ± 10 mm for turning cones.
Easy adjustment of spindle speed and automatic feed from the ergonomic control panel to the gears.
Hardened and ground wheels toothed in the spindle gearbox.
Large threading range (Right and Left hand threading): Metric - (17) 0.5-4mm, Inch - (26) 9-40 TPI.
With lead screw for threading or automatic longitudinal feed.
Automatic Longitudinal Feed (2) 0.105 - 1.396 mm/rev, and Traverse (2) (0.022-0.296) mm/rev - reduces machining time and improves quality when turning long parts.
The machine is fully compliantwith the requirements of EU directives (CE) and Polish regulations and DIN standards. with the requirements of EU directives (CE) and Polish regulations and DIN standards.
Technical parameters
3-jaw chuck 160mm
Max. turning diameter over bed 330mm
Max. turning diameter over carriage 220mm
Max. detail length in centers 700mm
Max. length of the installed part 650mm
Bed width 160mm
Nlsdpjmtyi Nofx Amnsb
Spindle bore 38mm
Spindle taper MK5
Dimensions of lathe post 75 x 75 x 20mm
Top slide range 100 (0.05) mm
Traverse range 150 (0.1)mm
Longitudinal shift range 620(0.5)mm
Spindle speeds (12) 65, 90, 120, 160, 220, 300, 380, 500, 640, 850, 1100, 1650 rpm /min
Number and range of metric threads (17) 0.5-4mm
Number and range of inch threads (26) 9-40 TPI
Longitudinal autofeed speed 0.105-1.396 mm/rev
Auto traverse speeds 0.022-0.296mm/rev
Tailstock liner diameter 40mm
Trail distance of the tailstock liner 70 (0.025)mm
Taper of Tailstock MK2
Engine power 1.1kW / 230V
Dimensions L/W/H (with base) 1500 x 730 x 1200mm
Weight (with stand) 320 kg
Equipment:
Lathe base
3-jaw chuck 160 mm
Jaws left
Fixed Tooth: MK3
Change wheels
Lubricator
Handle and holder wrench
A set of maintenance tools
CE safety guards
Manual in Polish
CE Declaration of Conformity
The price is a net price. Price does not include shipping costs.
For more information, please contact us by phone or e-mail. We invite you to familiarize yourself with the offer on our website.
Listing
Siedlce
2,045 km
Sliding Table Saw
CORMAKPS315-2000
Call
Condition: new, Year of construction: 2026, The PS315-2000 format saw is a professional carpentry tool that stands out for its versatility and advanced features. This circular saw has been designed for a wide variety of woodworking tasks, offering both precision cutting of narrow and thin boards and handling thick wood tops with a maximum thickness of up to 100mm.
Main features of the PS315-2000 panel saw
Two cutting discs: the saw is equipped with two cutting discs - a main disc and an undercutting disc, providing versatile cutting capabilities for different types of wood materials.
MDF undercutter: An additional undercutter has been fitted to the machine, allowing precise cutting of MDF and other wood materials with a similar structure.
Adjustable blade height: Cormak's format saw with undercutter offers infinitely variable adjustment of the height of the cutting blade which allows it to be adapted to different material thicknesses.
Disc inclination: The cutting disc can be tilted from 90° to 45°, providing the ability to make bevels and cuts at different angles.
Solid slides: The machine has solid slides with scales, both longitudinal (steel) and angular, which allows precise angle setting.
Additional format table: the large bearing-mounted format table with support is one of the main advantages of this saw. This makes it possible to process large format boards and materials with a large surface area.
Sawdust discharge system: The woodworking machine is equipped with a sawdust discharge pipe system to help keep the work area clean.
Easy blade change: The replacement process is quick and efficient, allowing you to work efficiently.
Side guide with scale: The wood format saw with undercutter is equipped with a side guide with accurate graduation, which makes it easier to make serial cuts of the same length.
Saw blade guard: the saw is fitted with a saw blade guard, which can also be connected to the extraction system to guarantee safety and cleanliness in the work area.
Ground cast iron worktop: The ground cast iron worktop and additional extending tops enable long workpieces to be processed quickly and conveniently.
Additional measuring instruments: All slides have length and cutting angle scales, making it easy to set the required cutting angle and length without the need for additional measurements.
Extraction connection: The saw is compatible with a sawdust and chip extraction system to help keep the work area clean.
Technical data:
Length of format table [mm] 2000
Cutting width [mm] 1220
Angled saw blade [°] 45
Cutting height at 45° [mm] 80
Cutting height at 90° [mm] 100
Maximum saw blade dimension [mm] 315
Maximum dimension of undercutting [mm] 90
Main saw unit speed [U/min] 5800
Circular saw rotation [U/min] 4000
Motor power [kW] 3.8
Power supply 3 phase, 400V
Weight [kg] 350
Warranty [months] 12
Nledovuf Rfjpfx Amnob
Listing
Germany
1,414 km
Radial Drilling Machine
WEBOBR 50/63-H 2000
Call
Condition: used, Year of construction: 1966, Technical details:
bore capacity in steel (diameter): 63 mm
arm length:: 2000
workpiece height max.: 1270 mm
spindle taper MT: MK 5
drill depth: 400 (Hub) mm
quill stroke: 400 mm
feed: 0,05 - 0,32 m/min
revolutions per minute spindle:: 14 - 1000 (40/50/63/160+200 o.Funktion) U/min
column turnable: 360 °
electrics - voltage/frequency: 380/50 V/Hz
base plate: 1900 x 950 mm
total power requirement: 13 kW
weight of the machine ca.: 7,9 t
space requirements approx. LxWxH: 3,9 x 1,5 x 3,4 m
This radial drilling machine has an electric sliding table!
Further features:
- Distance from spindle center to stand: 360 - 2000mm
- Distance from drill chuck to table top: 1270mm
Nsdpju Id Dbofx Amnslb
- Distance from spindle to base plate: 1220 - 4520mm
- Drilling capacity in St 60: 63mm at feed rate 0.32
- Drilling capacity in GG 22: 80mm at feed rate 0.5
- Horizontal travel of the drilling head: 1640mm
- Vertical travel of the drill head: 980mm
- Distance from spindle nose to base plate: 430-1770mm
Equipment:
- Coolant pump (out of function)
- Support stand
- 1 electrically driven sliding table 1250 x 1000mm type TI 18 with digital display (interface to the machine)
- incl. machine vice
Not all revolutions are currently selectable.
i.D.
*
Listing
Denmark
1,177 km
Lathe Ø 2000 x 35,000 mm x 63 tons
SKODASUT 200 TD
Call
Condition: used, Year of construction: 1984, turning diameter over cross slide: 1,600 mm, turning diameter: 2,000 mm, turning diameter over bed slide: 2,000 mm, turning length: 35,000 mm, workpiece weight (max.): 63,000 kg, Center Lathe
SKODA - SUT 200 TD
MACH-ID 9446
Manufacturer: SKODA
Model: SUT 200 TD
Year of manufacture: 1984
Tandem construction on one bed, with left and right headstocks
Faceplate double tailstock left and right
Double carriage
Steady rest included
Roller rest included
Operator panel with scales requires attention and replacement
Motorized tailstock for each side (left and right)
3-bed way design
Torque on chuck: 160,000 Nm
Minimum turning diameter: Ø 315 mm
Industries served:
- Shipyards
- Propeller shaft manufacturing
- Hydraulic cylinder shafts
- Camshafts
- Defence & Aerospace
- Rolls and shafts for steel mills
- Crankshafts
Specifications
Metric / Imperial
Turning length: 35,000 mm
Swing over bed: Ø 2,000 mm
Swing over carriage: Ø 1,600 mm
Spindle power: 75 kW
Bed width: 1,600 mm
Quill diameter: Ø 400 mm
Quill stroke: 250 mm
Nlsdpfjynky Aox Amnob
Max spindle speed: 180 rpm
Feed X-axis: 5,000 mm/min
Feed Z-axis: 5,000 mm/min
Workpiece weight: 63,000 kg
Approximate dimensions:
Length: 42,000 mm
Width: 3,250 mm
Height: 3,250 mm
Weight: 158,000 kg
Please note: The information on this page has been provided to the best of our knowledge and, where possible, obtained from the manufacturer. The information is given in good faith, but accuracy cannot be guaranteed. Accordingly, they do not constitute representations or contractual terms. We recommend verifying all important details.
Listing
Tarnock
435 km
Bread rounder
DamakDM CR 2000 Conical Rounder
Call
Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2021, functionality: fully functional, 1 x Damak conical rounder for pieces from 100g to 600g.
Model - DM CR 2000.
Serial number - DM2100060.
Date of manufacture - 2021.
Nodpfx Ajy Aidksmnslb
Capacity - 1200 to 2400 pieces/hour.
Electrical requirements - 415 V / 50 hz / 3 phase.
Listing
Melsungen
1,235 km
Power generator - diesel generator
MTU18 V 2000 G 63
Call
Condition: good (used), operating hours: 34,700 h, functionality: fully functional, fuel type: diesel, output frequency: 50 Hz, nominal power (apparent): 1,250 kVA, type of cooling: water, MTU diesel generator set including exhaust aftertreatment according to 44.BImSchV (from 1/2026, 100mg NOX, 6mg particulates, etc.). A complete overhaul was carried out at 21,000 operating hours for over 100,000 euros. All filters of the exhaust aftertreatment system were replaced in 2025. The exhaust aftertreatment unit can also be purchased separately.
Nlodpfjy Nbt Rex Amnob
Listing
Wetzlar
1,187 km
Cycle lathe
HS-63/2000 (mit Revolver)
Call
Condition: new, functionality: fully functional, overall weight: 2,500 kg, total length: 4,200 mm, total width: 2,500 mm, total height: 2,170 mm, travel distance X-axis: 390 mm, controller manufacturer: Siemens, controller model: 840D sl + ShopTurn mit „manual machine“, turning diameter over cross slide: 370 mm, bed width: 433 mm, center height: 315 mm, center width: 2,000 mm, quill diameter: 100 mm, quill stroke: 200 mm, rapid traverse Z-axis: 8 m/min, rapid traverse X-axis: 8 m/min, spindle bore: 140 mm, spindle speed (max.): 2,500 rpm, spindle speed (min.): 2 rpm, turning diameter over bed slide: 630 mm, Equipment: rotational speed infinitely variable, Swing over bed: 630 mm
Center distance: 2000 mm
Maximum speed range: 2500 rpm
Spindle power (100% duty cycle): 20 kW (AC drive)
Spindle mount: Camlock D11
Spindle bore: 140 mm
Nljdpfx Amswgbuisnob
Included equipment includes:
- 8-station SAUTER VDI-40 turret
- Movable control panel along the entire length
- Chip conveyor
- Siemens AC servo motors
- Siemens power supply and amplifier modules
- Automatic (or via M function) gear change (2 speeds)
- Machining area covered by two sliding doors
- Operating mode 1 and operating mode 2 (setup mode at 5 rpm)
- Siemens 840D sl ShopTurn control system with "manual machine"
- 15-inch touchscreen format 16:9
- With manual machines, cycles can be executed without creating a program header.
- Siemens control option: residual material detection.
- Absolute encoder (i.e., no reference point travel required).
- USB interface on the control panel.
- Manual tailstock with drag device and 100 mm spindle diameter.
- Automatic central lubrication.
- Coolant system.
Listing
Hessisch Lichtenau
1,244 km
Mechanical scissor lift table, ideal base for 3D welding table up to 2000 kg, ideal base for
Call
Condition: used, Mechanical scissor lift table
with roller device - welding positioner, vessel rotator
Ideal base for 3D welding table
Load capacity 800 kg (maximum load with fixed castors)
Load capacity 2000 kg (maximum load without fixed castors)
Platform size 1800 x 860 mm
Usable lift max. 690 mm
Table height - bottom position 770 mm (without top frame)
Table height - top position 1460 mm (without top frame)
Table height - bottom with locking bolt 830 mm (without top frame)
Table height - top with locking bolt 1080 mm (without top frame)
Top frame height 80 mm
Load capacity of rotator approx. 400 kg
Roller spacing / axle spacing 155 to 685 mm
Nljdpfx Aox U Eh Nomnsb
Axle distance to top frame 190 mm
Roller diameter 100 mm
Roller width 40 mm
- Scissor lift table is ideal as workbench, assembly fixture, welding table base, or with vessel rotator for pipe welding
- Mobile on 4 polyamide rigid castors Ø 125 mm, 2 of which are swiveling with brakes
- Height adjustment via trapezoidal screw spindle and hand crank
- 4 locking bolts for height adjustment, hole spacing 50 mm
- Removable table top with forklift pockets
- Roller spacing of polyurethane rollers on rotator adjustable in perforated pattern
- Very robust construction made of square profiles with 5 mm to 10 mm wall thickness
Required space (L x W x H): 1800 x 860 x 1200 mm
Weight without rotator 470 kg
Weight with rotator 620 kg
Very good condition
Listing
Siedlce
2,045 km
Thicknesser
CORMAKTH410S
Call
Condition: new, Year of construction: 2026, FEATURES:
a thicknessing table made of cast iron, ground, guarantees optimal sliding of the processed element
Nodpfx Amex Dlp Aonolb
a spiral shaft with replaceable carbide knife plates, significantly extends the work compared to a thicknessing machine with a knife shaft
it is possible to choose one of three possible feed speeds
easy knife replacement thanks to the possibility of tilting the extraction cover
an efficient chain drive ensures precise feed of the processed material, guiding and removing the element
the thicknessing table allows for a machining accuracy of 0.1 mm thanks to the digital indicator on the hand wheel
knife adjustment screws enable quick, easy and precise setting of the knives on the head
comfortable work thanks to the extraction and soundproofing cover
a standard extended table with built-in rollers
a polished, ground, cast iron thicknessing table allows for machining of elements up to a height of 230 mm
a measured machining work thanks to the table with a central column guide and support
Technical parameters
Thicknessing planing width 410 mm
PLANING HEIGHT ADJUSTMENT 5-230 mm
Planer shaft diameter 95 mm
Number of knives 72 pcs.
Planer shaft speed 4050 rpm
Feed speed 6 m/min
Extraction connection ø100 mm
Motor power 4.2 kW
Motor power S1 100% 3.0 kW
Voltage 400 V
Extraction port diameter 100 mm
Gross weight 263 kg
DIMENSIONS
Width 1110 mm
Depth 710 mm
Height 1020 mm
Table size - width 930 mm
Table size - depth 410 mm
Listing
Częstochowa
1,882 km
Surface grinding machine
Cormak Metallcraft szlifierka630 x 1600 szlifierka do płaszczyzn
Call
Condition: ready for operation (used), Year of construction: 2008, grinding length: 1,600 mm, grinding width: 630 mm, Surface grinding machine 1600 x 630 M7163x16100, magnetic table size 1600 x 630 mm, machine length 5400 mm, depth 2500 mm, height 2600 mm. Automatic feeds in X and Y axes. We are the first owner, the machine has been used on average a few hours per month – grinding for maintenance purposes. Year of manufacture 2008. Power 22KW, 60A.
Nodpfxoy Shzao Amnolb
Listing
Siedlce
2,045 km
Universal lathe 410x1000
CORMAK410x1000
Call
Condition: used, Year of construction: 2026, One of our best-selling conventional lathes, this lathe can be used for many tasks such as turning internal and external surfaces as well as tapers, polishing, modular and DP threading, drilling and internal broaching.
Machine features
Lathes from this series can be used for many tasks such as turning internal and external surfaces, tapers turning, buffing, modular and DP threading, drilling and internal broaching
By default equipped with a 3 axes digital readout
Modern and precise spindle bearings
52 mm large spindle bore
Heavy bed made of cast iron, ground and inductively hardened
Gear wheels strengthened through hardening and precise grinding
Removable bridge allows for greater machining capabilities
Protection guards compliant with the newest regulations
Machining accuracy: circularity deviation below 0.01 mm, cylindricality deviation no more than 0.02 mm for 200 mm long measurement, perfect surface finish
Nlsdpsy Tkccefx Amnob
Equipped with a mechanical foot mechanical brake
Possibility of equipping the lathe with a ruler for turning tapers
Optional VARIO model with a smooth spindle speed adjustment and a digital indicator
Technical data
Swing over bed 410 mm
Swing over cross slide 255 mm
Swing over gap bridge 580 mm
Turning length in gap bridge 190 mm
Centres distance 1000 mm
Centres height 205 mm
Bed inductively hardened
Bed width 250 mm
Spindle bore diameter 52 mm
Spindle tip D1-6
Spindle mount MK6
Spindle speed (16) 45–1800 rpm
Maximum tool dimensions 20 mm×20 mm
Longitudinal feed range (17) 0.05–1.7 mm/turn
Transverse feed range (17) 0.025 – 0.85 mm/turn
Metric thread (42) 0.2–14 mm
Inch thread (45) 2–72 T.P.I.
Modular thread 0.3–3.5 M.P (18)
D.P. thread 8–44 D.P. (21)
Tailstock quill diameter 50 mm
Tailstock quill extension 120 mm
Tailstock quill tip MK 4
Digital readout in 3 axes
Main motor power (S1/S6) 2.2/3.3 kW
Flood coolant pump power 0.1 kW
Dimensions 1940×850×1320 mm
Weight 1590 kg
Default equipment
200 mm 3-jaw lathe chuck
250 mm 4-jaw lathe chuck
3 axes digital readout
Face plate
Steady rest
Follow rest
Spindle reducing sleeve
Dead centre
Change gears for the swing-frame of the gear train
Cooling system
Lighting installation
Thread indicator (gauge)
Lathe equipped with an electromechanical foot brake compliant with EC regulations
Chips container
Set of handling tools
Protective guards compliant with the newest EC regulation
User manual
EC declaration of conformity
PLEASE NOTE!!! This machine is a return item and shows signs of use. Lathe with an unhardened bed. No warranty.
Listing
Siedlce
2,045 km
Universal lathe 410x1000
CORMAK410x1000
Call
Condition: new, Year of construction: 2026, One of our best-selling conventional lathes, this lathe can be used for many tasks such as turning internal and external surfaces as well as tapers, polishing, modular and DP threading, drilling and internal broaching.
Machine features
Lathes from this series can be used for many tasks such as turning internal and external surfaces, tapers turning, buffing, modular and DP threading, drilling and internal broaching
By default equipped with a 3 axes digital readout
Modern and precise spindle bearings
52 mm large spindle bore
Heavy bed made of cast iron, ground and inductively hardened
Gear wheels strengthened through hardening and precise grinding
Removable bridge allows for greater machining capabilities
Protection guards compliant with the newest regulations
Machining accuracy: circularity deviation below 0.01 mm, cylindricality deviation no more than 0.02 mm for 200 mm long measurement, perfect surface finish
Equipped with a mechanical foot mechanical brake
Possibility of equipping the lathe with a ruler for turning tapers
Optional VARIO model with a smooth spindle speed adjustment and a digital indicator
Technical data
Swing over bed 410 mm
Swing over cross slide 255 mm
Swing over gap bridge 580 mm
Turning length in gap bridge 190 mm
Centres distance 1000 mm
Centres height 205 mm
Bed inductively hardened
Bed width 250 mm
Spindle bore diameter 52 mm
Spindle tip D1-6
Spindle mount MK6
Spindle speed (16) 45–1800 rpm
Maximum tool dimensions 20 mm×20 mm
Longitudinal feed range (17) 0.05–1.7 mm/turn
Transverse feed range (17) 0.025 – 0.85 mm/turn
Metric thread (42) 0.2–14 mm
Inch thread (45) 2–72 T.P.I.
Modular thread 0.3–3.5 M.P (18)
D.P. thread 8–44 D.P. (21)
Tailstock quill diameter 50 mm
Tailstock quill extension 120 mm
Tailstock quill tip MK 4
Digital readout in 3 axes
Main motor power (S1/S6) 2.2/3.3 kW
Flood coolant pump power 0.1 kW
Dimensions 1940×850×1320 mm
Weight 1590 kg
Default equipment
200 mm 3-jaw lathe chuck
Nedpfx Aeiz Tf Semnjlb
250 mm 4-jaw lathe chuck
3 axes digital readout
Face plate
Steady rest
Follow rest
Spindle reducing sleeve
Dead centre
Change gears for the swing-frame of the gear train
Cooling system
Lighting installation
Thread indicator (gauge)
Lathe equipped with an electromechanical foot brake compliant with EC regulations
Chips container
Set of handling tools
Protective guards compliant with the newest EC regulation
User manual
EC declaration of conformity
Factory new machine under full warranty
Factory new machine, under warranty
For more information you can visit our web page.
Trust Seal
Dealers certified through Machineseeker

Listing
Siedlce
2,045 km
Planer Blade Sharpener with Cooling
CORMAKCORMAK TSC630
Call
Condition: new, Year of construction: 2026, CORMAK TSC630 Planer Blade Sharpener with Cooling System
‼️TWO GRINDING WHEELS INCLUDED‼️
⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐
✅ The CORMAK TSC630 is a professional sharpener designed for planer blades, chipper knives, and other machine knives used in woodworking shops, production facilities, and wood processing workshops.
✅ The machine enables precise sharpening of blades up to 630 mm in length and is equipped with a liquid cooling system, smooth sharpening angle adjustment, and stable feed movement on linear guide rails.
✅ It is an ideal solution for users who expect:
precise and repeatable sharpening,
reduced blade overheating,
stable operation,
lower operating costs,
the ability to sharpen blades independently within the company.
✅ Key Advantages of the CORMAK TSC630 Sharpener
Sharpening of blades up to 630 mm
Adjustable sharpening angle from 0–90°
Built-in liquid cooling system
Smooth feed movement on bearing-mounted linear guides
Stable and rigid construction
Ability to sharpen several thin blades simultaneously
Precise grinding wheel height adjustment
Coolant tank with reusable coolant system
Corundum grinding wheel for tool steel and HSS
230 V power supply — suitable for most workshops
✅ Applications
The CORMAK TSC630 is suitable for sharpening:
planer blades,
chipper knives,
HSS knives,
woodworking machine blades,
industrial knives,
other straight machine knives.
Ideal for:
woodworking shops,
wood processing facilities,
workshops,
manufacturing companies,
tool service centers.
Nodpfoy Sf Ukox Amnolb
✅ Precise Guidance and Stable Operation
The motor assembly together with the grinding wheel moves along linear guide rails equipped with bearings, ensuring:
smooth movement,
greater control during sharpening,
even material removal,
high repeatability of results.
Adjustable clamps and stops allow quick blade positioning and reduce machine setup time.
✅ Liquid Cooling System
The integrated cooling system minimizes blade overheating during grinding, helping preserve the material properties of the blade and improving operator comfort.
The collection tank with a drain opening allows convenient coolant drainage and reuse.
✅ Sharpening Multiple Blades Simultaneously
Thanks to the use of special clamping blocks, it is possible to sharpen up to 4 thin planer blades simultaneously, each with a thickness of approximately 3 mm.
This solution:
✅ speeds up work,
✅ increases productivity,
✅ ensures consistent sharpening results.
‼️Standard Equipment‼️
The set includes:
CORMAK TSC630 sharpener
2× corundum grinding wheels
Built-in cooling system
Clamping blocks for simultaneous blade sharpening
Coolant collection tank
Technical Specifications
Specification Value
Motor Power 1.1 kW
Power Supply 230 V
Maximum Blade Length 630 mm
Maximum Blade Width 150 mm
Maximum Blade Thickness 30 mm
Rotational Speed 2800 RPM
Grinding Wheel Diameter 100 mm
Grinding Wheel Height 51 mm
Grinding Wheel Thickness 13 mm
Sharpening Angle Range 0–90°
Cooling System Yes
Feed Type Manual, linear guides
Machine Dimensions 1000 × 465 × 610 mm
Weight 55 kg
Listing
Siedlce
2,045 km
Planer and Thicknesser
CORMAKPT410
Call
Condition: new, Year of construction: 2026, This planer is designed for soft and hard wood. Its robust cast iron design ensures silent and vibration-free operation.
Switching from planing to thicknessing is very quick and simple. It is based on unlocking eccentrics and lifting tables, as well as relocating chip extractor cover
A handwheel for planing thickness is located on the right side of the machine
An aluminium swinging rule with a graded pitch can be precisely set at an angle within 90–45o
Thicknesser table mounted centrally on a column, equipped with a handwheel for upward and downward setting
Planing height measured with a graded strip
Technical data
Knife shaft diameter
70 mm
Knife shaft speed
5500 rpm
Extracting connector diameter
120 mm
Swinging rule tilt angle
0–45°
Number of knives
3
Maximum planer width
410 mm
Maximum thicknesser width
408 mm
Maximum planing height
5–225 mm
Maximum thicknesser machining depth
3.5 mm
Maximum planer machining depth
4 mm
Thicknesser feed speed
6 m/min
Nljdpfxsvxh T Do Amnob
Planer table dimensions (L×W)
1640×410 mm
Weight
280 kg
Motor speed
2800 rpm
Motor power
s1 4.0 kW s6 5.6 kW
Power supply
3-phase, 400V
Listing
Siedlce
2,045 km
Belt Grinding Machine
CORMAKMS2000
Call
Condition: new, Year of construction: 2025, Grinding machine with a wide area of application. Material can be ground both at the front and at the back of the machine. It includes two band speeds: 15/30 m/s as well as a mounting system with sturdy prismatic jaws for tubes, flat and square materials. 100×2000 mm grinding belt, 3,3 kW motor.
Machine features
Clamping system with sturdy prismatic jaws for tubes, flat and square materials
Comfortable and simple handling
Easy and quick grinding roller replacement
Large grinding surface in the upper part of the machine for e.g. deburring or surface grinding
2 belt speeds
Stable, vibration-free base
2 dust containers and an anti-dust system for the grinding surface
Technical data
DIAMETER OF GRINDING
20 - 76.1 mm
ADJUST THE ANGLE
30 - 90 °
BELT SPEEDS
860/1720 m / min
POWER
2.5 / 3.3 kW
BELT DIMENSIONS
100x2000 mm
Njdpjvxhv Sofx Amnjlb
GRINDER DIMENSIONS
1340x700x1210 mm
WEIGHT
159 kg
Listing
Siedlce
2,045 km
Laser welding machine 2000W
CORMAKWL2000
Call
Condition: new, Year of construction: 2026, A compact device using the FIBER technology, designed for welding many types of metals with precision far exceeding traditional welding methods.
Advanced technological solutions used in the offered welding machine allow to perform high-quality and repeatable welding welds of thin-walled materials and parts without the risk of deformation.
Advantages of a laser welding machine
Easy to use - thanks to the applied solutions and well-thought-out structure, the operator can start working after a short training
Low indirect radiation, when working, it is enough to wear protective glasses to filter strong light,
Welding much faster than with traditional methods, productivity can be increased by up to 3 to 10 times
Concentrated beam: slight structure change due to the small heat-affected area,
The repeatability of the welds, the welding seam is nice, the welds are high strength.
Very thin materials such as 0.5mm stainless steel can be welded.
Option of welding with or without wire.
Technical parameters
Maximum power 2000W
Laser wavelength 1080nm
Depth of penetration (stainless steel 1 m/min) 4.57mm
Depth of penetration (black steel 1 m/min) 3.59mm
Depth of penetration (aluminum 1 m/min) 4.0mm
Depth of penetration (brass 1 m/min) 4.0mm
Welding speed 0-120mm/s
Automatic Wire Feeder Ø 0.8 - 1.6mm
Maximum power consumption ≤6.0kW
Cooling system aqua
Working voltage 400V
Shielding gas consumption 20L/min
Dimensions 600 x 1100 x 1100mm
Weight approx. 185 kg
LATEST GENERATION WELDING HEAD
WOBBLE head;
Automatic wire feeder included;
Adjustable spot size 0-5mm;
The powerful welding head allows many types of beam guidance: -, ○, ◎, ⊙, 8, ∞;
Integrated connections for shielding gases and cooling system,
Interchangeable nozzles allow for welding at different angles,
10 m of optical fiber that connects the head to the source,
Adjustment of welding parameters directly in the head without having to go to the control panel;
Full ergonomics - thanks to the light and flexible design, the head can perform welds even in hard-to-reach places;
Easy to service - quick and easy replacement of the protective lens.
Automatic wire feeder included
The wire feeding system is synchronized with the welding machine software. The task of the feeder is to feed the filling, thanks to which the operator can focus 100% on the work of the head.
Set includes
laser welding machine with built-in cooling system
welding gun with adjustable focus and a set of accessories
Fiber laser source
automatic wire feeder
set of cables
starter kit of nozzles and protective glasses
THICKNESS OF WELDED MATERIALS
Material
Nledjizr Rlspfx Amnob
WELDER POWER
1000W 1500W 2000W
Stainless steel 0.5-3.0mm 0.5-4.0mm 0.5-5.0mm
Black steel 0.5-2.5mm 0.5-3.5mm 0.5-4.5mm
Galvanized steel 0.5-2.5mm 0.5-3.0mm 0.5-4.0mm
Aluminum 0.5-1.2mm 0.5-1.8mm 0.5-4.0mm
Brass 0.5-1.2mm 0.5-1.8mm 0.5-2.5mm
We make it easier for you to find: "cormak base 63×2000 cr-41"
You will receive new offers immediately and free of charge via e-mail
You can easily terminate the search request at any time
This may be of interest to you

Get information now
+44 20 806 810 84
+44 20 806 810 84
List now
*per listing / month























































































































































































































