Used Jäckle Plasma Cutting Device for sale (23,178)

Condition: ready for operation (used), From business liquidation: Hypertherm Powermax 1000G Device has been function tested! with 10-meter torch package Gsdpfx Amsxq N Troujit on transport cart 380 Volt 20–60 ampere power output Quality cut up to approx. 22 mm Severance cut up to approx. 30 mm + several spare nozzles (see photo)

Condition: ready for operation (used), From business liquidation: Hypertherm Powermax 1650G. The unit has been tested for functionality! Comes with an 8-meter torch package. 380 Volt. 30-100 Amp power output. Quality cut up to approx. 35 mm. Severance cut up to approx. 45 mm. Includes several spare nozzles (see photo). Torch and ground cable have been repaired with insulation tape in some places (see photo). Gsdpfexq Rbdsx Amusit

Condition: good (used), Year of construction: 1997, machine/vehicle number: 71-000988, Offer 24820 Technical data: - Cutting current continuously adjustable 30 - 100 A - Duty cycle 80 A / 100% ED - 100 A / 80% ED Giodpfxsvqbdyo Amuot - Max. cutting thickness - Steel approx. 32 mm - Aluminum approx. 25 mm - Stainless steel approx. 55 mm - Air connection 5 bar - Gas mixing system - Connection 400 V / max. 14.5 kVA - Space requirement approx. W 800 x H 1650 x D 700 mm - Weight approx. 250 kg

Year of construction: 1989, condition: good (used), Operating hours: 17 Machine number: 160973 Power: 4.500 W Voltage: 220 V Open circuit voltage: 320 V Gijdpfebfa Hwjx Amust Amperage: 16 A Insulation type: F Cooling type: F

Condition: as good as new (ex-display), Year of construction: 2022, operating hours: 1 h, functionality: fully functional, machine/vehicle number: 285033, type of input current: three-phase, input voltage: 400 V, type of cooling: air, overall weight: 25 kg, electrical fuse: 32 A, cutting current: 105 A, hose package length: 6,000 mm, sheet thickness steel (max.): 50 mm, air demand: 15 m³/h, air pressure: 5.8 bar, protection type (IP code): IP23, product height (max.): 50 mm, High-end air plasma cutter for manual cutting. Although the system is equipped with a manual cutting torch, it can also be used for mechanical cutting. The interface for CNC cutting is already installed Gsdpfx Amerq E R Ujuoit The manual cutting torch with a length of 6 meters is included in the scope of delivery. The system was operated in our application center for demonstration purposes. The system has an effective cutting time of less than 30 minutes. Further technical information can be found in the attached document / data sheet

Condition: new, Year of construction: 2026, The CNC plasma burner with a water table is a device designed for shape cutting of elements from a sheet of metal (in any shape). This machine is characterized by extreme simplicity and ease of use. Our CNC cutter guarantees repeatability and high cutting accuracy (0.1 mm), thanks to which burnt shapes can be transferred directly to the next stage of production. The water table ensures low consumption of consumables, raw materials and low gas emissions. No need to use fume and flue gas extraction. Why is it worth it? water table no need to use smoke and fumes extraction small size of the machine allows it to be placed anywhere THC voltage height adjuster precise setting of the torch a very precise cut requiring no further processing plate detection system convenient control panel intuitive machine operation can cut and gouge steel machine training at the buyer's/seller's premises a library of standard geometric shapes Characteristics and equipment Workspace 1500 x 3000 Y axis range 140 mm (clearance) The use of a rigid and stable structure Water Table Voltage height regulator Torch height adjustment system Torch height and stabilization sensor FastCAM program - in Polish with a license USB port and internal and external memory Friendly user interface - simple operation even for people who have never worked in programs like FastCAM Import of drawings in *.txt format from any type of program (e.g. AutoCAD, SolidWorks, etc.) MAKRO – a library of standard geometric shapes. This allows you to create figures without having to draw. Gedpfxsg Nknys Amueit NESTING – automatic arrangement of elements on the sheet DEMO - Shows the work cycle (path) without turning on the plasma or oxygen source The price is a net price. Price does not include shipping costs. For more information, please contact us by phone or e-mail. We invite you to familiarize yourself with the offer on our website.

Condition: new, Year of construction: 2026, Product characteristics The plasma burner or oxygen-gas CNC1 burner is a mobile device designed for cutting shapes out of a metal sheet. The machine does not require anchoring, thus reducing the assembly time considerably. Additionally, it enables for placing the machine in any location within the hall without any new expenses. The machine is equipped with an excellent quality wheel system that together with the low weight portal makes the plotter one of the fastest machines available on the market. The machine can be used for manual and automatic cutting. It is equipped with a digital controller that enables cutting out complicated shapes. The machine proves itself very well in the shipbuilding, machine-building and power industry. CNC1 has been equipped with a precise system of X/Y axes guides. The burner is controlled by Sino-USA electronic production system that is characterized by a high precision and elimination of the errors occurring during operation. The machine is very easy to configure. A manual configuration is possible for simple shapes and automatic configuration is possible for more complicated figures. The cutting pattern and the burner motion are shown on a display. An original FastCAM software is attached to the machine for easy configuration. The software is in English which makes the work easier. FastCAM is a technological CAD/CAM program, which is intended for designing and defining cutting paths of the elements cut out by CNC burning machines. The program shall be installed on an office PC or on a portable computer. After defining the way of cutting the operator receives a ready control code, which should be transferred to the control system of the machine. FastCAM program is a standard element of our machines. BASIC INFORMATION User-friendly interface – easy operation, even for people without prior experience of working with such programs as FastCAM Import of drawings in the *.txt format from any programs similar to e.g. AutoCAD, SolidWorks etc. MAKRO – a library containing standard shapes enables creating figures without the necessity of drawing them in CAD system. The program provides 2D figures NESTING – an optimal usage of sheet metal thanks to the automatic arrangement of elements on a sheet DEMO – shows a working path without having to turn on the plasma source or oxygen Giedpfsvxhwvsx Amuet VOLTAGE HEIGHT CONTROLLER The machine is equipped with THC (a voltage control of the plasma burner blowtorch height). A precise control (+/- 0.1 mm) of the plasma blowtorch distance from a sheet metal during cutting. Higher accuracy and absence of defects which capacitive sensors and roller disks have. The parameters of the controller are collected automatically from the Automatic Cutting Parameters Selection table. Technical data Power supply 230 V LCD 7" color Code format G-Code Working dimensions 1500×3000 mm Cutting speed 50–3000 mm/min Illustrations are preview only, the device is sold without the table. Manufacturer: Cormak

Condition: ready for operation (used), Year of construction: 2008, functionality: fully functional, machine/vehicle number: 11.825.150/ 08065 6, input voltage: 400 V, total width: 540 mm, total length: 960 mm, total height: 1,050 mm, overall weight: 196 kg, TECHNICAL DETAILS Gisdewyazhepfx Amust Stepless adjustment: 10-160 A Duty cycle: 100% at 160 A Connection voltage: 400 V, 3-phase, 50 Hz Connected load: 38 kVA Fuse protection: T 50 A "C" Gases Plasma gas: O₂, air, nitrogen, argon/hydrogen Swirl gas: N₂, O₂, forming gas F5 Marking gas: argon MACHINE DETAILS Electrical Details Power supply: 3~ 50 Hz Input voltage: 400 V Input current: 47 A Dimensions & Weight Dimensions (L x W x H): 960 x 540 x 1,050 mm Weight: 196 kg

Condition: new, Year of construction: 2026, This is a state-of-the-art CNC machine dedicated to the industrial sector, used for cutting sheets and profiles, using a plasma torch. The machine is characterised, among other things, by a robust structure made of the highest quality steel and aluminium, a large cutting range, the possibility of cutting workpieces of any shape and low process costs. The high-end solutions used in production ensure reliable and safe operation. The cutting of the material is carried out in a short time, while maintaining the precision of the workpiece. In order to obtain the desired shape, it is only necessary to import the file into the software, so operation of this cutting machine is easy and intuitive. Our plasma cutting machines are primarily designed to process materials such as: - Black steel, - Stainless steel, CONSTRUCTION The frame of the plasma cutting machine is designed and manufactured from scratch in our factory. The high quality steel used for the machines is cut, then welded and machined. The entire frame, gantry and gantry arms have additional ribbing to achieve high rigidity and eliminate vibration and deformation. DRIVES Servo AC motors with high resolution and power have been used to drive our cutters, ensuring adequate acceleration and speed in each direction. These are highly dynamic and precise motors with feedback, guaranteeing zero defect by continuously controlling the operating parameters. The X and Y axes use classic and well-proven helical bars, which ensure long life and precision. FUEL Our plasma machines use components from the leading manufacturer PGCNC. The technologies used in the torch significantly increase productivity and cutting speed. HD technology provides better hole quality, increased piercing capacity and bevelling capabilities. This ensures high quality, repeatable cuts and maximises productivity with minimal running costs and reliability. KNIFE TABLE The knife table is made with technology that is resistant to working at elevated temperatures. This allows us to work continuously without worrying about the occurrence of burn-outs that prevent the material from being evenly positioned on the work table. The positioning of the scissors can be easily changed according to the size of the workpieces to be burnt. The knife table is an excellent solution for cutting thicker materials. SOFTWARE Gedpfxsur R Ers Amujit The machine is equipped with Starfire 2D CAD/CAM software. Various functions are available to the user, including the ability to import finished designs in vector formats: .dxf, .plt, .ai, .eps. The programme ensures fast and precise development of cutting paths. PLASMA SOURCE The basic plasma equipment includes the 120A cutting system, which is characterized by high productivity and cutting quality and speed. AUTOMATIC LUBRICATION SYSTEM Plasma cutting machine equipment also includes an automatic lubrication system that minimizes machine maintenance. The central lubrication system is a simple and functional device used to supply grease to the places where machine and equipment components come into contact. - POWER 400V 50Hz - MAX SPEED 45 m/min - DOOR SHAPE 200-600 mm - TYPE OF WORKING TABLE Knife table - WORKING TABLE WEIGHT 500 kg/m2

Year of construction: 2026, condition: new, This is a state-of-the-art CNC machine dedicated to the industrial sector, used for cutting sheets and profiles, using a plasma torch. The machine is characterised, among other things, by a robust structure made of the highest quality steel and aluminium, a large cutting range, the possibility of cutting workpieces of any shape and low process costs. The high-end solutions used in production ensure reliable and safe operation. The cutting of the material is carried out in a short time, while maintaining the precision of the workpiece. In order to obtain the desired shape, it is only necessary to import the file into the software, so operation of this cutting machine is easy and intuitive. Our plasma cutting machines are primarily designed to process materials such as: - Black steel, Giodpjiqn Uusfx Amuet - Stainless steel, CONSTRUCTION The frame of the plasma cutting machine is designed and manufactured from scratch in our factory. The high quality steel used for the machines is cut, then welded and machined. The entire frame, gantry and gantry arms have additional ribbing to achieve high rigidity and eliminate vibration and deformation. DRIVES Servo AC motors with high resolution and power have been used to drive our cutters, ensuring adequate acceleration and speed in each direction. These are highly dynamic and precise motors with feedback, guaranteeing zero defect by continuously controlling the operating parameters. The X and Y axes use classic and well-proven helical bars, which ensure long life and precision. FUEL Our plasma machines use components from the leading manufacturer PGCNC. The technologies used in the torch significantly increase productivity and cutting speed. HD technology provides better hole quality, increased piercing capacity and bevelling capabilities. This ensures high quality, repeatable cuts and maximises productivity with minimal running costs and reliability. KNIFE TABLE The knife table is made with technology that is resistant to working at elevated temperatures. This allows us to work continuously without worrying about the occurrence of burn-outs that prevent the material from being evenly positioned on the work table. The positioning of the scissors can be easily changed according to the size of the workpieces to be burnt. The knife table is an excellent solution for cutting thicker materials. SOFTWARE The machine is equipped with Starfire 2D CAD/CAM software. Various functions are available to the user, including the ability to import finished designs in vector formats: .dxf, .plt, .ai, .eps. The programme ensures fast and precise development of cutting paths. PLASMA SOURCE The basic plasma equipment includes the 120A cutting system, which is characterized by high productivity and cutting quality and speed. AUTOMATIC LUBRICATION SYSTEM Plasma cutting machine equipment also includes an automatic lubrication system that minimizes machine maintenance. The central lubrication system is a simple and functional device used to supply grease to the places where machine and equipment components come into contact. - POWER 400V 50Hz - MAX SPEED 45 m/min - DOOR SHAPE 200-600 mm - TYPE OF WORKING TABLE Knife table - WORKING TABLE WEIGHT 500 kg/m2

Year of construction: 2026, condition: new, Working area X: 1550, 2050 mm; Y: 3050, 4050, 6050 mm Gisdpfx Amon I Rafouet Gate clearance 200 – 500 mm Speed 40 m/min Drives X, Y, Z helical racks Bearing Trapezoidal rails 20 TBI Type of table Water, extraction Table load capacity 500kg/m2 Additional options Rotary Axis, extended portal, stainless steel tub table

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2004, functionality: fully functional, machine/vehicle number: 403/05, table length: 3,000 mm, power of the servo motor: 1,500 W, table width: 1,500 mm, Equipment: double-sided, With plasma cutting system HyperTherm Powermax 1100 and air dryer M.T.A. DE009 The machine was used in the production of ventilation ducts and fittings. Includes special programs for controlling the machine and for manufacturing details of ventilation products: AsperWin (base software for operating the CNC machine in Windows; import of DXF files supported) Asper Nesting (enables efficient creation of nests with a large number of various cut parts for optimal material utilization and minimal waste) and Air Select (for ductwork manufacturers, enables fast and convenient design of HVAC components). Giedpfxow I D Ias Amust

Condition: new, Year of construction: 2025, functionality: fully functional, input voltage: 380 V, input frequency: 50 Hz, travel distance X-axis: 6,000 mm, workpiece weight (max.): 1,000 kg, laser power: 20,000 W, pipe diameter (max.): 6,000 mm, Equipment: cooling unit, safety light barrier, Max. Length of Tube: 6m Cutting Capacity of Round Tube: Φ360mm Cutting Capacity of Square Tube: Φ360mm Max. Load: 1000kg Zero Waste Cutting Full stroke movement, capable of cutting both ends of the pipe, improving material utilization Full Pipe Cutting available Standard auxiliary loading and unloading system loading, unloading, and cutting of 6m full pipes available Bevel Cutting Function available Bevel angle adjustable from 0-45° Capable of V, X, Y, K type bevel cutting Godpfov D T H Tox Amueit Optional Automatic Loading and Unloading Saves labor costs, and increases production efficiency Intelligent production for high efficiency

Condition: new, functionality: fully functional, Year of construction: 2026, control type: CNC control, degree of automation: automatic, actuation type: electric, laser type: fiber laser, laser power: 12,000 W, sheet thickness (max.): 30 mm, Equipment: CE marking, centralized greasing system, cooling unit, documentation/manual, dust extraction, emergency stop, fume extraction, nozzle changer, safety light barrier, Supports 12m steel pipe cutting Equipped with fully automatic combined loading and unloading system One-stop intelligent loading, cutting and unloading, increasing production efficiency by 200% Supports multiple processes such as beveling, locking, cutting, punching, opening welding holes, cutting bolt holes, marking and marking Laser power 12,000 W – 20,000 W Giodpew A H T Asfx Amust X-axis travel 1,600 mm Y-axis travel 1,900 mm Z-axis travel 900 mm A-axis rotation ±90° C-axis rotation ±90° U-axis travel 30 mm V-axis travel 13,000 mm Positioning accuracy ±0.1 mm Max. workpiece section 1,000 × 400 mm Max. supported weight 5 T Supported profiles H-beam, channel steel, I-beam

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2012, functionality: fully functional, Messer Cutting Systems Multitherm 4000 - Oxy-fuel Working area: 2500 x 15000 mm 1 Global Control Plus CNC controller 50 m network cable 1 cooling unit for control cabinet 4 laser diodes 6 drives 1 heat shield (without air cooling) 1 heat shield (without air cooling) 20 m track 1 OmniFlow oxy-fuel supply, 100 cbm 1 compressed air supply on the machine 1 distributor block for compressed air purging 1 oxy-fuel take-off point with pressure regulator 1 take-off point for compressed air 4 ALFA machine cutting torches 4 compressed air purges for ALFA 4 torch suspensions OL 200 N 4 Sensomat Alfa Gjdpjynzfpjfx Amujit 20 m energy supply via energy chain 1 emergency pull cord (front) 1 emergency pull cord (rear) 2 wheel well safety devices Including tables and rails

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2017, functionality: fully functional, input voltage: 400 V, input current: 16 A, total width: 1,400 mm, total length: 1,500 mm, machine base height: 1,400 mm, overall weight: 350 kg, Hello, I am offering a used Corona / Plasma treatment system for sale. The material to be treated is placed on a conveyor belt. Sensors automatically activate the plasma / corona discharge when the substrate is positioned beneath the head. The feed speed is adjustable. The conveyor belt has a width of 650 mm. The system is mounted on casters, making it mobile. An exhaust fan is also installed and only the exhaust air needs to be ducted outside. This system is ideal for treating the surfaces of plastic materials or glass to improve printability. It is also suitable for the pretreatment of materials to enhance adhesion for bonding. If you have any questions, please feel free to contact me. Gijdpfxjy A Trle Amust

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2020, Rex Cutting System RSS70 The Rex Cutting System RSS70 is a perfect as a stand alone cutting device equipped with a three edged sickle knife that separates the sausage as the twist section perfectly with no rip to the product. Made from stainless steel ensuring it can be easily cleaned, the REX RSS70 is a highly successful cutting performance machine using either natural or artificial sausage casing. Simple and easy to use large touch screen PLC. Gsdpfxsyq Nmaj Amueit Specification Throughput : up to 1200 cuts/min Portion Lengths : Min 40mm Max 800mm Calibre Range : 14 to 40mm Weight 260kg Perfect with all types of sausage filling.

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2016, functionality: fully functional, machine/vehicle number: R481.5.1284, type of input current: DC, input voltage: 400 V, ground cable length: 4,000 mm, type of cooling: water, hose package length: 8,000 mm, welding power (max.): 301 kVA, protection type (IP code): IP07, We are offering this used Jäckle WIG 301 i DC welding machine, year of manufacture 2016. Manufacturer: Jäckle Model: WIG 301 i DC Year of manufacture: 2016 Giedpfey H D Ryox Amuet Control type: Inverter Origin: Made in Germany Serial number: 00218 Certification: CE Protection class: 1 If you have any questions or need further information, feel free to send us a message or give us a call.

Condition: not inspected (used), functionality: unexamined, input voltage: 380 V, input frequency: 50 Hz, total height: 600 mm, total length: 700 mm, total width: 500 mm, overall weight: 150 kg, No minimum price – guaranteed sale to the highest bidder! Submitting a bid obligates timely collection between 04/05/26 and 07/05/26. MACHINE DETAILS Gedeyr Nvwjpfx Amuoit Operating voltage: 380 V Frequency: 50 Hz Dimensions & Weight Dimensions (L x W x H): 700 x 500 x 600 mm Machine weight: 150 kg External reference: Lot 78

Year of construction: 2007, condition: used, Pulsed plasma nitriding system, manufacturer PLATEG Plasma Technik Grün, type PulsPlasma PP 800, 2000 x 2900, mono with tandem preparation, system no. A 5811, with 1 plasma generator, type PP 800/160, no. AN 7491, year of manufacture 2006/2007, 600 V output voltage, 800 A pulse current, 480 kVA pulsed power, 190 kW connected load, process control type Stange 510, stainless steel vacuum chamber Ø 2000 mm (usable volume 1800 mm), height 2900 mm (usable height 2200 mm), wall thickness 10 mm, batch weight 7,500 kg, process temperature max. 600°C, vacuum pump by Leybold, 13 kW, 2,000 m³/h, DN 160, with pressure sensor and manometer, gas supply, cooling water supply with internal recirculator, overall dimensions: 7,840 mm x 3,470 mm x approx. 7,400 mm height, with control cabinet including 2 cooling units. Giodpfx Asyazhzemuet

Condition: new, functionality: fully functional, Year of construction: 2025, Equipment: CE marking, centralized greasing system, cooling unit, documentation/manual, dust extraction, emergency stop, fume extraction, nozzle changer, safety light barrier, High-strength welding bed Partitioned smoke extraction system Gjdpfew A Iilsx Amuoit Fully automatic butter injection system Fully automatic cutting, material saving, fast speed Cutting area 4000 × 2000 mm X‑axis travel 1520 mm Y‑axis travel 4020 mm Z‑axis travel 80 mm Max. combined positioning speed 170 m/min Acceleration 2.8 G Machine dimensions (L×W×H) 9500 × 2900 × 2380 mm Footprint 10500 × 3400 mm Net weight 8500 kg

Condition: new, functionality: fully functional, Year of construction: 2025, control type: CNC control, laser type: fiber laser, pipe diameter (max.): 9,000 mm, input voltage: 380 V, input frequency: 50 Hz, type of cooling: water, warranty duration: 24 months, Equipment: CE marking, centralized greasing system, cooling unit, documentation/manual, dust extraction, emergency stop, fume extraction, nozzle changer, safety light barrier, model: GS-HG Gijdpfewwqvwjx Amuet Maximum length of pipe:

Condition: new, functionality: fully functional, Year of construction: 2025, Equipment: CE marking, centralized greasing system, cooling unit, documentation/manual, dust extraction, emergency stop, fume extraction, nozzle changer, safety light barrier, Series: NS-HG Type: Heavy pipe machine Beveling function: Optional Power range: Round pipe processing: 50mm~560mm Square pipe processing 50mm~560mm Chuck maximum 30r/min Godpfjww Upzox Amusit Machine weight: 29t Power specification: 380VAC, 50Hz Optional loading rack: Three-chuck chain automatic loading rack Optional unloading rack: Three-chuck chain automatic unloading rack Standard: System 5000A, including nesting, supports servo (beveling) Zero tail material rear card hollow dust removal Optional: Weld detection, safety fence (light curtain), radiation-proof glass

Condition: new, Year of construction: 2025, functionality: fully functional, coil outer diameter: 1,500 mm, coil inner diameter: 508 mm, product height (max.): 200 mm, feed length X-axis: 1,520 mm, feed length Y-axis: 3,020 mm, feed length Z-axis: 80 mm, warranty duration: 24 months, total height: 2,380 mm, total length: 8,900 mm, total width: 2,300 mm, load capacity: 1,300 kg, input frequency: 50 Hz, input voltage: 380 V, overall weight: 180 kg, repeat accuracy: 0.02 mm, workpiece weight (max.): 15,000 kg, Equipment: cooling unit, GS-J Series has various workbench sizes such as 3015, 4015, 4020, 6015 to meet different processing needs Suitable for batch processing of thin plates with high flatness requirements of 0.6-3.0mm Uncoiling machine parameters: Maximum weight of coil (kg): 15000 Coil width (mm): 200～1524 Coil outer diameter (mm): Φ800～Φ1500 Coil inner diameter (mm): Φ508mm~Φ610mm (cast iron pad) Coil thickness: (mm) 0.6-2.0mm (stainless steel) ≤1524mm 0.8-3.0mm (carbon steel) ≤1524mm Feeding length (mm): 0～ Maximum stroke of equipment Unwinding speed (m/min): 0～15 Moving speed (mm/s): 0-8 Lifting speed (mm/s): 3.0 Lifting stroke (mm) : 350 Leveling flatness (mm/㎡): ≤±3 Fixed feeding line height (mm) : 870 Sizing accuracy (mm/m) : Length direction ≤±0.2 Diagonal direction : ≤±0.8 Revolutionize Your Coil Processing with One Machine, Five Functions! Uncoiling, leveling, feeding, cutting, and blanking – all in one seamless automated system for maximum efficiency. Smart, Flexible & Versatile - Effortlessly cuts special-shaped workpieces, adapting to diverse production needs - Optional touchscreen control with top-tier international cutting systems - High-quality drag chain cables – durable, bend-resistant, and interference-free Gedpov Awguefx Amuoit

Condition: new, functionality: fully functional, Year of construction: 2026, laser type: fiber laser, Equipment: CE marking, centralized greasing system, cooling unit, documentation/manual, dust extraction, emergency stop, fume extraction, nozzle changer, safety light barrier, Section Steel Laser Cutting Machine Bevel cutting highly enhances competitiveness Smart cutting head equipped with professional Acu3D rotary axis Achieves multi-directional, multi-angle 3D cutting (Web beveling, R-corner cutting, V bevel, Y bevel) Godpew I Iliefx Amueit Versatile cutting Sheet, tube, and section steel cutting in one One-stop processing workflow, seamlessly integrated with TEKLA Easily complete drawing import - nesting & programming - process setup - material alignment - cutting