Used Cnc 4 Axis for sale (67,431)

Condition: new, Year of construction: 2026, functionality: fully functional, power: 9 kW (12.24 HP), input voltage: 400 V, input frequency: 50 Hz, type of input current: three-phase, travel distance X-axis: 2,200 mm, travel distance Y-axis: 2,900 mm, travel distance Z-axis: 350 mm, workpiece length (max.): 2,800 mm, workpiece width (max.): 2,100 mm, workpiece height (max.): 300 mm, number of axes: 3, number of slots in tool magazine: 12, actuation type: electric, total height: 2,275 mm, total length: 4,060 mm, total width: 3,315 mm, overall weight: 1,700 kg, Equipment: documentation/manual, The 2128 PANA ATC is a next-generation DANIBRUM CNC router, designed for modern workshops and manufacturing facilities seeking high productivity, consistent precision, and efficient automation in a single, fully integrated machine. Fedpfx Aijymcncsvjpn Equipped with a 12-position automatic tool changer (ATC) and ISO30 tool holder system, the machine offers rapid tool changes and extended flexibility for processing a wide variety of materials: particle board, MDF, solid wood, plastics, Alucobond, and composites. The robust machine frame is supported by 25 mm linear guides, helical rack and pinion drives M1.25, and 750 W servo motors, ensuring fast, smooth movements and precise positioning across all axes. The 9 kW air-cooled electrospindle, with speeds up to 18,000 rpm, is controlled by an 11 kW inverter, allowing fine speed adjustment and stable performance under load. The result is a reliable, fast, and versatile CNC router, tailored to the current demands of furniture production and industrial processing.

Condition: used, CNC universal tool grinding machine SCHÜTTE, type BU 400 CNC 4 Machine – Defective – without control system Machine not operational – electrically non-functional – without CNC control Manufacturer’s No.: Year of manufacture 1990 4 axes (X, Y, Z, and R) Table clamping surface 1300 x 250 mm Distance between centers 700 mm Distance between centers (height) 155 mm Grinding length (X-axis) max. 400 mm Grinding width (Y-axis) max. 260 mm Grinding spindle speed max. 6000 rpm Grinding spindle drive 3 kW Mains connection 380 volts, 50 Hz, 25 amps - CNC control system removed Space requirement L x W x H 3800 x 2400 x 2300 mm Weight 3000 kg Machine not functional, CNC control system missing. Mechanically in good condition, ideal for retrofitting with a new control system Suitable as a source of spare parts or for rebuilding with a new control system Fpodpfx Aijd Rmcmjvjn

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2011, turning diameter over cross slide: 75 mm, turning diameter: 381 mm, spindle speed (max.): 3,500 rpm, spindle bore: 75 mm, travel distance Z-axis: 850 mm, total height: 2,325 mm, total length: 4,820 mm, total width: 2,100 mm, overall weight: 8,000 kg, CNC Lathe with Y-axis, driven tools and 2nd Spindle Fedpfxszv Smfj Aivopn CNC Control Fanuc series 18i-TB Turning diameter 381 mm Spindle bore diameter 75 mm Spindle speed 3500 R/min Spindle motor 22/15 Kw Movement X-axis 190 + 69,5 mm Movement Y-axis +55 / -55 mm Movement Z-axis 850 mm Movement W-axis (subspindle to mainspindle) 830 mm Min indexing C-axis main spindle 0,001 ° Number of tools on turret 12x Number of driven tools 12 x Tool Taper VDI 40 Bar feeder Irco-Breuning ILS MUK Spindle motor driven tools 4000 R/min If you have any questions concerning the machine, please do not hesitate to contact us by phone or e-mail. Feel free to view our other advertisements for a complete overview of our stock.

Condition: like new (used), Year of construction: 2020, operating hours: 574 h, functionality: fully functional, consisting of: additional vacuum tank for workpiece clamping, complete with vacuum distributor and control logic for automatic cycle KW6.6 / 9 HP (S6) electrospindle teleservice system cable remote control for easier positioning and adjustment Robot: automatic loading and unloading system for glass sheets Loading and unloading trolley with lockable wheels Mechanical/electronic device on the robot head for centering the workpiece on the working surface Pneumatically retractable workpiece stop Various double vacuum suction cups Various tool sets incl. reverse osmosis system type IDROTECNICA "IDRO RO 130 ST" max. 130 l/h VERTICAL 500 plastic storage tank 500 l Stand for storage tank SE15002 conductivity test kit incl. FILTRAGLASS ECO-BOX CNC grinding coolant water treatment unit incl. stainless steel chamber tank approx. 3,000 l, 3,000 x 1,000 x 1,000 mm, 3 chambers, circulation pump, agitators, filter system approx. 800 x 600 x 1,780 mm, electrical connection 230 V / 1.5 kW, compressed air connection on-site 7-8 bar (480 Nl/min) Dismantling/removal to be carried out by the buyer Fjdow H R A Nopfx Aivepn

Condition: good (used), Year of construction: 2006, functionality: fully functional, machine/vehicle number: XD20BB0393, turning length: 210 mm, spindle speed (max.): 10,000 rpm, turning diameter: 20 mm, equipped with Iemca Boss 332E-r/32 barfeed new in 2008 with 12 mm guide channels - chip conveyor - Fanuc 18i-TB Control Fpjdpfx Asr Arwueivon

Condition: ready for operation (used), Year of construction: 2005, 1 used CNC lathe with driven tools and Y-axis. Control system: Siemens. The machine can be inspected while powered on, by prior arrangement. Fpsdpfx Aiszgtgbovsn

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2010, total height: 3,300 mm, total length: 5,600 mm, total width: 4,300 mm, table load: 2,000 kg, overall weight: 10,500 kg, Spindle SK 40 Speeds 8000 Rpm with 165 Nm Workload 2000 Kg ATC 56 Positions Fpjdpfx Aioyh U E Hjvon Hours spindle 10.304 Closed housing with automatic top door IKZ Coolant system LTA Air Cleaning Length:5600mm Width:4300mm Height:3300mm Weight:10500kg Please Note: The information on this page has been obtained to the best of our ability and belief, and from the manufacturers where possible. It is given in good faith, but its accuracy can not be guaranteed. Accordingly, it will not form a representation or constitute contractual terms. We advise you to check any vital details!

Condition: good (used), Year of construction: 2005, Ref. -No.: 10627 Manufacturer: AUERBACH Type: IA 5B 3200 RT Year of construction: 2005 Type of control: CNC Control: Heidenhain 530 Storage location: Halbrstadt Country of origin: Germany X-Travel: 3200 mm Y-Travel: 2000 mm Z-Travel: 1600 mm B-Axis: 360 ° C-Axis: 360 ° Spindle Taper: SK 50 Rotary Table (Lxw): 2500 x 2000 mm Table Load: 20.000 kg Tool Piece Magazine With: 100 Pcs./pcs. Operating hours: 75.377 H Spindle hours: 28.246 H Fodpfx Aijy Ed R Djvopn Machine length: 7300 mm Machine width: 7700 mm Machine Height: 4350 mm Weight Of The Machine Ca.: 28 t Further information: - with H / V head Machine can be viewed under power by arrangement

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2014, turning length: 700 mm, travel distance X-axis: 205 mm, travel distance Z-axis: 700 mm, spindle motor power: 22,000 W, total height: 2,800 mm, total length: 6,000 mm, total width: 3,900 mm, overall weight: 9,800 kg, Complete machining with twin spindel, upper and lower turrets Kitagawa 3 chuck left and right Tool holders with driven tools axial and radial Large jaws cabinet with inserts OGL Gantry loader with ca 10 Kg load capacity Chip conveyor Paper Filtration Pressure Tank Max. turning Ø: 400mm X-Axis: 205mm Z-Axis: 700mm Spindle bore: 62mm Speedrange: 6000Rpm Spindle power: 22kW Subspindle speeds: 6000Rpm Fjdpsyn Em Rjfx Aivspn Subspindle bore: 62mm Subspindle power: 15kW ATC / revolver: 16 Speed live tools: 6000Rpm Positions lower revolver:16 Speed live tools: 6000Rpm Power live tools: 7kW Chip conveyor: yes Tool eye: yes Length: 6000mm Width: 3900mm Height: 2800mm Weight: 9800kg Please Note: The information on this page has been obtained to the best of our ability and belief, and from the manufacturers where possible. It is given in good faith, but its accuracy can not be guaranteed. Accordingly, it will not form a representation or constitute contractual terms. We advise you to check any vital details!

Year of construction: 2018, condition: ready for operation (used), Rotation axis: 360°, max. rotational speed: 60.000/min, including accessories and documentation. Fpjdpfx Aoihp Ipeivon

Year of construction: 2026, condition: new, functionality: fully functional, The new KORPLEG PS range: • Multi-axis press brakes (X, Y1, Y2, R, Z) for greater precision and productivity • A robust and durable mechanical design • Very quick and easy operation Fodpfx Aszcyx Deivjpn • Ultra-comprehensive standard equipment • An affordable budget with no hidden costs or surprises Machine equipped with an ESA 630 CNC control system with a 10" graphic display, controlling the 4 axes X, Y1, Y2 and R, plus two external axes, for controlling the machine pressure and the crowning table. • High-precision digital rules for bending (Y1, Y2 axes, controlled by CNC). • CNC-controlled bending pressure regulation • Hydraulic crowning table with CNC-controlled pressure • A complete set of punches, 135 mm height, standard (deer foot), straight or gooseneck (to be specified) • A multi-V die with chain-driven reversal or single-V dies (to be specified) • Quick-release clamps for punches with a push button for quick removal of segmented tools • 2 front part support arms, mounted on linear guides for easy movement Machine equipped with an ESA 630 CNC control system with a 10" graphic display, controlling the 4 axes X, Y1, Y2 and R, plus two external axes, for controlling the machine pressure and the crowning table. THE MECHANICS AND HYDRAULICS DEDICATED TO BENDING • High-precision digital rules for bending (Y1, Y2 axes, controlled by CNC). • CNC-controlled bending pressure regulation • Hydraulic crowning table with CNC-controlled pressure • A complete set of punches, 135 mm height, standard (deer foot), straight or gooseneck (to be specified) • A multi-V die with chain-driven reversal or single-V dies (to be specified) • Quick-release clamps for punches with a push button for quick removal of segmented tools • 2 front part support arms, mounted on linear guides for easy movement THE REAR MECHANISM: BENDING STOP ASSEMBLY • Rear stop (X-axis), driven by a servomotor and mounted on high-precision (0.05 mm) ball screw linear guides • Height-adjustable rear stop (R-axis), driven by a servomotor and controlled by the CNC. • 4 retractable bending stops that can be moved transversely (Z-axes): 2 manually and 2 with a joystick (Option Z1, Z2 digitized with CNC 640 or 650) OPTIMIZED OPERATOR SAFETY WHILE MAINTAINING GOOD ERGONOMICS: • Side guards with safety barriers and a Class 4 safety module • Rear protection with safety barriers • Assembly with 2 up/down pedals and an emergency stop. • All emergency stops and barriers are connected to a safety module that must be reset in the event of a stop. NUMERICAL CONTROL WITH TOUCH SCREEN: Thanks to the graphics and touch screen, programming and operating a press brake has never been so simple and intuitive. • Making a complex part becomes straightforward • Making simple parts becomes accessible to everyone

Condition: ready for operation (used), Year of construction: 2009, Travel ranges working area 1: X: 6450mm, Y: 1535mm, Z: 250mm, working area 2: X: 6200mm, Y: 1535mm, Z: 250mm, working area 3: X: 6200mm, Y: 1520mm, Z: 275mm, axis travel configuration 1: X: 6820.5mm, Y: 1963mm, Z: 350mm, axis travel configuration 2: X: 6820.5mm, Y: 1963mm, Z: 350mm, axis travel configuration 3: X: 6820.5mm, Y: 1963mm, Z: 663mm (5-axis head), Z: 350mm (additional machining units), control: Biesse XP600. Maintenance: complete C-axis was replaced in 2015 including accessories, vacuum pump was fully replaced in 2016 including bellows, hoses and additional components, in 2021 the machine was equipped with a new high-performance control PC running a current Windows 10 operating system. With extensive documentation. An on-site inspection is possible. Fodpjylziiefx Aivjpn

Condition: good (used), Year of construction: 2008, Ref. -No.: 10628 Manufacturer: AUERBACH Type: IA 5B 3200 RT Year of construction: 2008 Type of control: CNC-Steuerung Control: Heidenhain Storage location: Halberstadt Country of origin: Germany X-Travel: 3200 mm Y-Travel: 2000 mm Z-Travel: 1600 mm Rotary Table (Lxw): 2500 x 2000 mm No. Of Working Stations: 60 Machine length: 7300 mm Machine width: 7700 mm Machine Height: 4350 mm Fsdezc D D Rjpfx Aivopn Weight Of The Machine Ca.: 28 t Further information: - with -H / V- head Machine can be viewed under power by arrangement

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2008, travel distance X-axis: 800 mm, travel distance Y-axis: 700 mm, travel distance Z-axis: 510 mm, total height: 3,250 mm, total length: 3,545 mm, total width: 3,970 mm, spindle speed (max.): 12,000 rpm, number of slots in tool magazine: 48, Equipment: chip conveyor, For sale is a high-precision Hurco VTXU vertical 5-axis machining center with a swivel rotary table. The machine is in very good cosmetic condition. Technical data: Year of manufacture: July 2008 Control: WinMax (dual-screen) Travel distances X / Y / Z: 800 x 700 x 510 mm Swivel range A-axis (tilting axis): -30° to +110° Rotation range C-axis (rotary table): 360° (full range) Rotary table diameter: 610 mm Table load: max. 400 kg Distance spindle nose - table: 150 - 660 mm Max. spindle speed: 12,000 rpm Spindle power: 18 kW Torque: 237 Nm Tool holder: SK 40 Magazine capacity: 48 tools Max. tool length: 280 mm Max. tool weight: 7 kg Tool change time chip-to-chip: 8 sec. Voltage: 400 V / 50 Hz Connected load: 55 kVA Compressed air requirement: 6 - 8 bar Machine dimensions (W x D x H): 3,545 x 3,970 x 3,250 mm Upon request, transport and loading can be arranged throughout Europe for an additional fee. Prices plus VAT. Inspection possible by appointment. Contact us, our team will be happy to assist you. Fpjdpfx Ajzvd U Ueivjn Trade-in or exchange possible! Machine buying and selling PURCHASE / SALE OF PRODUCTION & METALWORKING MACHINES AND MORE. Do you need a high-quality but affordable metalworking machine for your production? Or do you want to sell yours? For more information or contact options, visit our website.

Condition: used, machine/vehicle number: 008496, X axis working area: 5920 mm Y axis working area: 1600 mm Working Table: Pod and Rail Main Electrospindle power: 16.5 KW Number of controlled axes: 5 axes Fpodpjy H Dzfjfx Aiven Total number of drilling spindles: 23 Total number of tool changer positions: 34

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2017, operating hours: 7,000 h, functionality: fully functional, machine/vehicle number: 25787, travel distance X-axis: 800 mm, travel distance Y-axis: 700 mm, travel distance Z-axis: 500 mm, spindle speed (max.): 18,000 rpm, operating hours of spindle: 6,900 h, Equipment: chip conveyor, documentation/manual, Hermle C 400 U – 5-Axis Machining Center Year: 2017 Control: Heidenhain TNC 640 Condition: Very good Machine ON: 18,512 h Program: 9,268 h Spindle ON: 6,900 h Drive ON: 18,514 h Axes in motion: 7,147 h Technical specifications: X/Y/Z travel: 850 / 700 / 500 mm A-axis: 25 rpm C-axis: 30 rpm Spindle speed: up to 18,000 rpm Power: 20 kW Torque: 173 Nm Tool holder: HSK 63 Tool magazine: 38 + 50 positions Fjdsz H Agbspfx Aivopn NC swivel rotary table: Ø 650 mm Swivel range: +91° to −139° Equipment: Heidenhain touch probe BLUM tool measurement Electronic handwheel Chip conveyor Oil mist extraction Inspection possible by appointment.

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2010, turning length: 995 mm, spindle bore: 80 mm, Max. turning Ø: 530mm X-Axis: 260mm Z-Axis: 995mm Spindle bore: 80mm Speedrange: 5000Rpm Fpjdpfxex I Nbts Aivon Spindle power: 22kW Subspindle speeds:6000Rpm Subspindle bore: 62mm Subspindle power:11kW ATC / revolver: 12 Speed live tools:6000Rpm Tool eye: yes Hours: 2800H Length: 3000mm Width: 1800mm Height: 1900mm Weight: 6350kg Please Note: The information on this page has been obtained to the best of our ability and belief, and from the manufacturers where possible. It is given in good faith, but its accuracy can not be guaranteed. Accordingly, it will not form a representation or constitute contractual terms. We advise you to check any vital details!

Condition: excellent (used), Pantograph with 2 controlled axes, ideal for machining aluminum, PVC, and steel profiles up to 2 mm, with the option to process stainless steel (optional). The work cycle is managed through intuitive software that guides the operator with simple instructions on the touchscreen display. The USB connection allows for easy linking to a PC. The four-sided rotating worktable ensures very high precision by using shorter tools, thus avoiding through machining and the resulting issues of vibration and noise. It is equipped with a quick tool change system with ISO 30 taper. A retractable, pneumatically operated guard protects the operator during machining. Fpjdpfx Aszz Szgjivjn

Condition: used, Year of construction: 1996, X-axis: 500mm, Y-axis: 380mm, Z-axis: 380mm, B-axis: 180°, C-axis: 360°, max. spindle speed: 15,000rpm, feed and rapid traverse: 30m/min, tool changer: 24-position, tool holder: SK40, control: Deckel Maho MillPlus, spindle operating hours: 7,000h, the original screen is defective, therefore a separate monitor is used, replacement spindle has 7,000h, spindle module and E/R module replaced in 2023, C-axis table bearing repaired in 2023, Z-axis guideways repaired in 2024, hard drive replaced in 2024, without clamping systems or tools, an on-site inspection is possible. Fsdpfsz Ea Rnox Aivepn

Condition: used, Year of construction: 1999, Technical details: x-travel: 690 mm y-travel: 400 mm z-travel: 550 mm B-axis (table): 360° mm control: Siemens 840 D number of spindle speeds: max. 15 000 U/min tool clamping: System nach DIN 69893 tool taper: HSK-A63 tool changer magazine: chain magazine: 12 places Stück Fodpfxou Idl So Aivspn traversing speed: x/y/z Axis: 40 total power requirement: 195 kW weight of the machine ca.: 13,0 t Traveling Column Milling Machine - the tool changing unit consist of 3 -NC axis and 1 NC- rotary table axis - ATC ( with magazine) - rotary table Type SKH-NC 4/029, diameter=460mm , table surface plate Ø 500 x20mm, revolution per minute max. 22 rpm - control panel SIEMENS - Spindel-Typ: DRF-WE-255-N-W-15-30, 15000 U/min., Spindelleistung = 30 kW - chip conveyor Make Knoll type 400K-3/280, ejection height 1150mm - cooling system for spindle make SCHIMBKE Type DK 80V, 3,36 kW i.D. *

Condition: not inspected (used), Faceplate: 2500 mm Swinging diameter: 3200 mm Max. turning height under tool: 2500 mm Max. workpiece height under support: 2780 mm Max. workpiece weight: 25 tons Cross slide: 2000 mm Fpsdpfxezdk A Uo Aiven Ram travel, vertical: 1600 mm Ram travel, horizontal: 1800 mm Ram cross-section: 250 x 300 mm Smallest distance between two rams: 1150 mm Faceplate drive: 71 kW Faceplate speed: 125 rpm Milling drive motor: 18 kW Milling drive speed: 1600 rpm Milling drive torque: 710 Nm

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2022, operating hours: 2,394 h, functionality: fully functional, Controller HAAS Swing dia. 641 mm Swing over carriage 413 mm Maximum cutting diameter 229 mm Maximum cutting length 356 mm X axis travel 200 mm Y axis travel +/-50 mm Z axis travel 355 mm Bar Capacity 44mm C axis 0,01 degrees Spindle Speed 6000 rpm Spindle Nose A2-5 Milling spindle speed 6000 rpm Rapid Feedrates X/Y/Z = 30,5 / 12,7 / 30,5 m/minute Spindle Motor Power 11 kW Turret Positions 12 stations Tool holder type VDI30 Weight 3600 Kg Dimensions LxWxH = 3048 x 2108 x 1803mm Fsdpfswvf Thsx Aivjpn Accesories, features - C Axis programmable - Y Axis - Live tool turret (each places) - Integrated tool presetter - Chip conveyor - 3 jaws hydraulic chuck D160 mm - Tailstock - Foot pedal - Machine mounts - Manuals The machine is barelly used and is in great technical and optical condition.

Year of construction: 2003, condition: used, A Deckel Maho 5-axis CNC milling machine in need of repair is offered. Travel X/Y/Z: 1080mm/710mm/710mm, NC-mounted rotary table C-axis X/Y: 800mm/620mm, swiveling milling head B-axis: 90°, max. spindle speed: 12000rpm, tool taper: SK40, tool positions: 32, control: Heidenhain iTNC 530, control-on hours: 75100h, program run hours: 24720h. Equipped with internal air blast supply, external coolant supply, Heidenhain infrared touch probe, Heidenhain electronic handwheel, Rotoclear rotating inspection window, chip conveyor, oil mist extraction system, coolant system with paper band filter, chip flushing gun, work area light and clamping support next to the mounted rotary table for longer workpieces. The milling head clamping system is leaking, but the machine is still operational. An on-site inspection is possible. Fedpezwfq Hjfx Aivopn

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2005, X-axis: 750mm, Y-axis: 600mm, Z-axis: 520mm, B-axis: 180°, C-axis: 360°, max. table load: 350kg, tool changer: 32-position, max. spindle speed: 18,000rpm, rapid traverse: 50m/min, max. feed rate: 20,000mm/min, tool holder: SK40, control: Heidenhain Mill Plus iT, spindle operating hours: 6,000h, with through-spindle coolant, chip conveyor, replacement spindle has 6,000h, X- and Y-axis guideways repaired in 2024, X-axis measuring system replaced in 2025, rotary union replaced in 2025, both chain changer motors replaced in 2025, an on-site inspection is possible. Fpjdpoz Ea Ruefx Aivon

Condition: new, Year of construction: 2025, Ref. -No.: 10461 Manufacturer: IGREK Type: DT 4000 Year of construction: 2025 Type of control: CNC-Steuerung Control: SIEMENS SINUMERIK 840D SL Storage location: Istanbul Country of origin: Türkiye Spindle Speeds: 4000 RPM Turning Height: 2000 mm Table Diameter: 4000 mm Spindle power: 37 kW Max. Table load: 40 t Rotate table rotation speed: 60 RPM Max. Turning diameter: 5000 mm Max. Turning height over faceplate: 2000 mm Max Spindle Torque: 1200 Nm Spindle Taper: ISO 50 Machine length: 7500 mm Machine width: 12000 mm Machine Height: 9500 mm Weight Of The Machine Ca.: 125 t Further information: Ram Slide Stroke: 2100 mm Ram Section: 350 x 350 mm Vertical Travel of the Moving Traverse: 2000 mm Table Drive System: Segmented Direct Drive Motors Table Torque: 8200 Nm - 14400 Nm max. Table Guide System: Hydrostatic Bearing and Guides IGREK DT 4000 – Your solution for precise heavy-duty machining The IGREK DT 4000 is a state-of-the-art CNC vertical turning center designed specifically for the precise machining of large components. Equipped with a 4,000 mm hydrostatic rotary table and a movable crossbeam, it enables the efficient machining of workpieces with a maximum turning diameter of 5,000 mm and a turning height of up to 2,000 mm. Key features: Hydrostatic rotary table: The 4,000 mm rotary table with hydrostatic bearing ensures maximum precision and smooth running when machining heavy workpieces. Movable crossbeam: The vertically movable crossbeam with a stroke of 2,000 mm offers flexibility and allows adaptation to different workpiece heights. Fpodpoxmd Suofx Aivjn Powerful spindle: With a spindle speed of up to 4,000 rpm and a power of 37 kW, the machine is designed for demanding machining tasks. High load capacity: The rotary table can accommodate workpieces weighing up to 40 tons, enabling the machining of large and heavy components. Multifunctional machining: Thanks to the live spindle and the precise positioning of the C-axis, milling and drilling operations are possible in addition to turning, which increases the versatility of the machine. The IGREK DT 4000 combines advanced technology with high performance and flexibility to meet the requirements of modern manufacturing processes. Its robust construction and wide range of machining options make it the ideal solution for the precise machining of large components in various industries.