Used Pipe Milling And Cutting Machine Fein for sale (72,180)

Condition: ready for operation (used), Year of construction: 1969, x-travel 700 / 710 mm y-travel 275 mm z-travel 350 mm taper in main spindle ISA 40 table surface area 900 x 250 mm T-slots 3 x 18 x 60 Stk. turning speeds 32.0 - 2000 U/min feed stepless 15 - 750 mm/min voltage 400 V total power requirement 4.0 kW weight of the machine ca. 1400 kg range L-W-H 1000 x 1400 x 1800 mm Isdpfx Aezkbnzefujih from a training workshop (vocational school) - in checked conditions - machinevideo - ?v=fKENsjnLZxY Features: - Robust, electric-motor-driven universal milling machine - With horizontal and vertical main spindles * Vertical main spindle can be swiveled 360° in two planes - Sturdy T-slot clamping table with 18 mm T-slots - Electric feed control - Stepless speed adjustment - Swiveling machine light - Control cabinet, installed on the right - Original operating instructions Machine data sheet

Condition: used, Year of construction: 1998, x-travel 600 mm y-travel 430 mm z-travel 460 mm Control MSD-501 table surface area 900 x 500 mm T-slots (number x width x distance) 5 x 18 x 100 mm table load capacity 500 kg Spindle nose table removal 150 - 610 mm spindle tunring speed 12.000 U/min torque 166,7 Nm tool taper BT 40 Iedpfx Afe Aaq Umjusih number of tool places 30 Pos. max. tool diameter 80 mm max. tool-dia with free toolbox 125 mm max. tool length 300 mm max. tool weight 8 kg Feed ( x / y / z) 16.000 mm/min rapid traverse ( x / y / z ) 32.000 mm/min The machine is from its First owner and has low operating hours. It is very well maintained and can be inspected under power by appointment. Technical features & accessories: - Internal coolant system - Tool measurement - 30-position tool changer BT 40 Accessories, tools, and clamping devices shown are only included if explicitly stated in the additional information. Technical data and specifications are subject to change without notice. Prior sale reserved.

Condition: used, ATM Type: ATM Brillant 255 ATM Brillant 255 Cut-off Grinding Machine 400V Metallography Laboratory 2019 Description: A professional cut-off grinding machine, ATM Brillant 255, is for sale. Year of manufacture: [Year of manufacture] Industrial equipment for precise material separation in the field of metallography, laboratory, and material testing. Machine with base cabinet and integrated coolant system. Several matching cut-off wheels are available (see pictures). Very robust, professional quality. Technical data (according to the nameplate): Type: Brillant 255 Year of manufacture: [Year of manufacture] Manufacturer: ATM GmbH Electrical data: Voltage: 400 V (three-phase) Iiedpfxozizp As Afush Frequency: 50 Hz Power: 12.5 kVA Fuse rating: 32 A Mechanical data: Cut-off wheel: Ø 400 mm Max. wheel speed: approx. 3050 rpm Wheel arbor: 32 mm Machine stands on a base cabinet with a coolant tank. Dimensions: Width: approx. 120 cm Depth: approx. 80 cm Height: approx. 150 cm Weight: approx. 450 kg Condition: used Scope of supply: (See picture) (Changes and errors in the technical data are subject to change!) We will gladly answer any further questions you may have by phone.

Condition: used, LVD PUMA LASER Model 3015 Fibre Cutting Machine, Year of Manufacture 2024. Ijdpfx Afszwgg Noujih Model MFMC-12000 , Laser Power 12 KW.

Condition: like new (used), functionality: fully functional, Year of construction: 2026, operating hours: 18 h, actuation type: electric, controller manufacturer: Trotec, laser type: CO₂ laser, laser source manufacturer: Trotec, laser hours: 10 h, laser power: 120 W, laser wavelength: 10,600 nm, working length: 1,016 mm, working width: 610 mm, working height: 305 mm, feed rate X-axis: 259 m/min, feed rate Y-axis: 259 m/min, input voltage: 230 V, input frequency: 50 Hz, type of input current: AC, type of cooling: air, warranty duration: 24 months, Equipment: CE marking, emergency stop, We are offering this virtually new Trotec Speedy 400 engraving and cutting machine with a factory warranty. It is located in a sufficiently dust-free environment with the correct temperature and humidity. Machine data as of October 1, 2026: - Total machine operating time: 18 hours and 8 minutes - Total laser source operating time: 9 hours and 21 minutes - Total registered travel distance: 241,066 meters Model: Speedy 400 Manufactured: March 2026 Country of origin: Austria Mains voltage: 230 V AC Frequency: 50/60 Hz Rated power: 2100 W Wiring diagram: 8086_Speedy400_wiring Laser type: CO₂ Laser power: 120 W Wavelength: 10.6 µm Iiodpfez Il Auox Afuoh Pilot laser power: ≤0.99 mW Pilot laser wavelength: 655 nm New price: €76,040 If you have any questions or would like more information, please send a message or call. The pick-up date will be arranged in consultation. Two industrial fans for air extraction can also be included.

Year of construction: 1986, condition: good (used), Flame cutting system, torch, oxyfuel cutting system, machine cutting torch, flame cutting machine, cutting torch, cutting machine, oxyfuel cutting machine, gas cutting torch, flame cutting system, flame cutting machine, longitudinal carriage, chassis, welding carriage, longitudinal carriage, welding robot, welding carriage, MIG/MAG welding machine, longitudinal seam welding system, longitudinal seam welding machine, longitudinal seam welding unit, rail runner, welding tractor -Oxyfuel cutting system: Oxyfuel cutting machine -Features: On/Off switch, without controls or potentiometer -Motor: 180 V/30 W -Dimensions: 580/370/H280 mm -Weight: 17.5 kg Ijdpjfc R Dwsfx Afusih

Condition: used, Empty weight: 4.200 kg - Documentation available: Yes - CE certificate present: No Ijdpfx Afjwnifrjujih - Control: Conventional - Motor power: 2.0kW - Transport weight [kg]: 4200kg Financial information VAT: The price shown is exclusive of VAT VAT/margin: VAT deductible for entrepreneurs Delivery and trade-in always possible for everything in the industrial sectors Lukas van Rossum

Condition: like new (used), Year of construction: 2021, travel distance X-axis: 4,000 mm, travel distance Y-axis: 3,000 mm, travel distance Z-axis: 1,500 mm, Year of manufacture: 2020 Table: 4,500 * 2,000 mm X: 4,000 mm Y: 3,000 mm Z: 1,500 mm Additional information: Heidenhain TNC 640 HSCI Main spindle ISO 50 Spindle speeds: max. 6,000 rpm Tool changer: 60 tools Coolant through the spindle UAD/universal head 0.002/0.002 degrees Iiedoz Nihfspfx Afueh Many additional options!

Condition: ready for operation (used), Year of construction: 1996, travel distance X-axis: 2,000 mm, travel distance Y-axis: 800 mm, travel distance Z-axis: 800 mm, spindle speed (max.): 2,500 rpm, Heidenhain TNC 407 control unit Table: 2000 x 700 mm Travel: 2000 x 800 x 800 mm Spindle: SA 50 Maximum spindle speed: 2500 rpm Weight: 10000 kg Isdpfszbrkpox Afujih

Condition: good (used), Universal tool milling machine Mikron WF 2 Manufacturer: Mikron Type: WF 2 Machine category: Universal tool milling machine Spindle speeds: 12 Speed range: 50–2240 rpm Spindle speed step: 1.4 Feeds: 18 Feed range: 8–400 mm/min Feed step: 1.25 Rapid traverse rate: 1400 mm/min Milling spindle motor: 2-speed, 1.2/1.8 kW at 1400/2800 rpm Feed motor: 0.55 kW at 1400 rpm Coolant pump motor: 0.1 kW at 2800 rpm Longitudinal travel X: 420 mm Transverse travel Y: 250 mm Vertical travel Z: 335 mm automatic / 340 mm manual Vertical travel with optical measuring system: 300 mm automatic / 310 mm manual Clamping surface of fixed angle table: 250 × 700 mm Iijdpfx Aozw U Nfsfush Machine weight with vertical milling head and angle table: approx. 770 kg Weight with all accessories: approx. 1250 kg Position indicator: digital for X/Y/Z Machine vice: included Tool holders and collets: extensive range of accessories available Operating manual: included No guarantee is given for the accuracy, completeness, or up-to-dateness of the information provided.

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2007, functionality: fully functional, Travel ranges: X 7,500 mm Y 1,400 mm Z 1,000 mm Control system: Heidenhain iTNC 530 Milling head: Automatically pivoting diagonal milling head with 2.5° x 2.5° indexing Speed 4,000 rpm, tool holder SK50 Platen table 8,000 x 1,500 mm Mounted NC rotary table 1,000 x 1,000 mm Internal coolant supply Tool changer with 40 positions Isdpez R Surjfx Afujih Chip conveyor in the X-axis direction 3-sided splash guard enclosure

Year of construction: 2018, condition: used, 2018 Kronen KUJ cube, strip and slice cutting machine – used Cube, strip and slice cutting machine with infeed conveyor for vegetable and fruit processing. Iedpfx Asz H Ax Djfueih This KUJ is a used cutting machine from Kronen, built in 2018 in Kehl, Germany. It cuts cubes, strips and slices and is made of stainless steel. An inclined cleated infeed conveyor with a wide loading hopper carries the product up to the cutting unit. The cutting unit stands on swivel castors, so it can be moved between workstations, while the conveyor rests on adjustable feet. An emergency stop is fitted at the side of the conveyor. Located in Emmeloord, the Netherlands. Available immediately – price on request. More photos and full specifications: / Machine type: Cube, strip and slice cutting machine Condition: Used Cutting types: Cubes, strips and slices Infeed: Inclined cleated conveyor with wide loading hopper Mobility: Cutting unit on swivel castors; conveyor on adjustable feet Safety: Emergency stop on the conveyor Construction: Stainless steel Origin: Kronen, Kehl (Germany)

Condition: ready for operation (used), Year of construction: 1993, travel distance X-axis: 750 mm, travel distance Y-axis: 500 mm, travel distance Z-axis: 470 mm, spindle speed (max.): 1,680 rpm, spindle speed (min.): 30 rpm, overall weight: 1,700 kg, input voltage: 440 V, Huron J2 Milling Machine Iisdpfxjz Ix Eij Afuoh Excellent running condition Table size 1050 x 350mm Longitudinal traverse 750mm Cross Traverse 500mm Vertical Traverse 470mm Spindle Taper Int 40 Spindle speeds 30-1680rpm 3phase 400v Motor 4kw 3 Axis DRO X, Y & Z Axis Coolant pump & system Weight 1700kg

Condition: ready for operation (used), functionality: fully functional, spindle speed (max.): 2,900 rpm, spindle speed (min.): 100 rpm, total height: 1,700 mm, total length: 1,000 mm, total width: 750 mm, rotational speed (max.): 2,900 rpm, rotational speed (min.): 100 rpm, spindle mount: MK 3, type of input current: three-phase, overall weight: 260 kg, table length: 560 mm, table width: 250 mm, 3-phase 380V, 2-speed motor is running perfectly! Spindle RPM adjustable from 100 up to 2900. Geared head. 115mm drilling depth. MT3 spindle taper. Head adjustable in height and angle. Coolant pump in base. Cross table in good condition. Table dimensions: 560x250mm Made in Sweden! Overall dimensions: 100x75x170cm Includes all accessories shown in the pictures. Contact us for shipping options! Iiodpfx Afexnvrvoujh €2,800.00 EX VAT!

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2000, functionality: fully functional, The machine is in very good condition and comes from a training workshop. Technical details x-travel 300 mm y-travel 160 mm z-travel 290 mm table surface area 600 x 210 mm tool taper SK 40 spindle turning speed range (16) 40 - 2000 rpm feeds -stepless- 5 - 500 mm/min rapid traverse 1,2 m/min spindle motor 1,5 / 1,9 kW total power requirement 9,5 kVA weight of the machine ca. 830 kg Iiedpfx Ajz Rpcrsfujh dimensions of the machine ca. 2000 x 2200 x 1655 mm Equipment: * 3-axis positioning control with active digital display Heidenhain TNC 123 - Manual mode: Manual operation and positioning with manual input - Automatic mode: Single-block programme run, programme storage * Fixed angle table * Movable vertical milling head, swivel range +/- 90 degr., quill stroke 60 mm * Coolant equipment * Central lubrication * Tailstock with counter bearing * Manual

Condition: like new (used), Year of construction: 2018, operating hours: 500 h, functionality: fully functional, LAGUN BM4RT Bed Milling Machine Manufacturer: Lagun Type: BM4RT Year of manufacture: 2018 Condition: operational, used, like new Operating hours: 1650 h Spindle hours: 438 h Control system: Heidenhain iTNC 640 Iiodpezmpydjfx Afueh Video available. Further information upon request.

Condition: used, Year of construction: 1990, No minimum price – guaranteed sale to the highest bidder! TECHNICAL DETAILS Travel ranges X-axis: 600 mm Y-axis: 500 mm Z-axis: 500 mm Work table Table size: 500 mm Feed rate and rapid traverse Feed rate range: 2–10,000 mm/min Rapid traverse: 10 m/min Spindle and tool holder Tool holder: ISO 40 Speed range: 0–6,300 rpm Main drive: 8 kW Control system CNC control: Dialog 11 Performance data Total power consumption: 23 kVA Machine weight: approx. 5,050 kg Dimensions Space requirement: approx. 3.0 × 2.5 × 2.0 m Overhaul and modernization Iisdoz S I Suspfx Afueh Overhaul: 2010 by FPS Modernization: 2010 by FPS EQUIPMENT Splash guard cabin Rotary table as 4th axis Tool changer magazine with 40 positions Dialog 11 control

Condition: good (used), Year of construction: 1988, functionality: fully functional, Burkhardt & Weber portal milling machine, year of manufacture 1988 / overhauled in 2008, Siemens Sinumerik 840 D control system, travel range X/Y/Z 4000 / 2800 / 800 mm, dual pallet changer, clamping area 1810 x 3025 mm, Iedpoz Tnzxofx Afusih vertical clearance 1220 mm, horizontal clearance 2250 mm, 173-position tool changer / tool magazine, two-stage gearbox, swivel boring and milling head, high-pressure coolant system, chip conveyor, 3D measuring probe.

Condition: new, functionality: fully functional, Year of construction: 2026, control type: CNC control, degree of automation: automatic, actuation type: hydraulic, controller manufacturer: Shenzhen ICM Technology Development Co., Ltd., controller model: 880W02, pipe diameter (max.): 38 mm, pipe length (max.): 3 mm, tube wall thickness (max.): 2 mm, bending angle (max.): 190 °, bending radius (max.): 200 mm, bending radius (min.): 2 mm, mandrel length: 150 mm, number of axes: 2, table length: 3 mm, overall weight: 1,300 kg, total length: 3,900 mm, total width: 900 mm, total height: 1,400 mm, power: 4 kW (5.44 HP), input voltage: 400 V, input current: 20 A, input frequency: 50 Hz, type of input current: three-phase, oil tank capacity: 80 l, number of digital displays: 1, warranty duration: 36 months, Equipment: CE marking, documentation/manual, emergency stop, foot remote control, quick-change device, Full Automatic Pipe Bending Machine DW38CNC-2A-1S Equipped with a touchscreen and CNC control system; capable of storing up to 500 sets of parameter groups. Features a rebound compensation setting program, with built-in confidentiality protection for programs and processing data. Servo control is adopted for corner bending, pipe bending and material feeding functions. The operating system is protected by passwords and physical keys, and supports production quantity & runtime records for efficient production management. Comes with slow bending and slow core pulling functions. Fault messages are displayed on the screen to help operators troubleshoot problems promptly. Touchscreen This pipe bender is equipped with a Weinview industrial touchscreen for its operation interface, which delivers an intuitive operation experience and allows new operators to get started quickly. You can directly edit the pipe bending process parameters on the interface, such as feeding distance, rotation angle and bending angle, and separately set the running speed for each step. During operation, the interface displays real-time axis positions, bending progress and production cycle, and automatically counts total output and shift output to help you manage production efficiency effectively. It also supports manual single-step debugging, automatic continuous operation, program editing and equipment parameter setting. Different modes can be switched with one click, making it convenient for machine trial runs and mass production alike. Ijdpfx Ajy Uuw Tefueih Hydraulic solenoid valve manifold This integrated hydraulic solenoid valve manifold serves as the control center of the CNC pipe bender's hydraulic system. Adopting industrial-grade modular design, it integrates multiple solenoid valves to independently control the movements of the feeding axis, rotating axis, bending axis, as well as clamping, auxiliary pushing and other auxiliary mechanisms. Linked with the CNC system, it converts control commands into precise hydraulic power output, enabling smooth operation throughout pipe feeding, rotation and forming. Matched with high-pressure sealed hydraulic hoses, it maintains zero leakage and high stability under full-load operating conditions, delivering reliable performance for long-term mass production. Servo drive These four units are Mitsubishi servo drives equipped on our pipe bender, acting as the power core that governs key movements including material feeding, pipe rotation and pipe bending. Adopting Mitsubishi MR-JE series industrial-grade high-end servo drives, they feature high positioning accuracy and fast response. Both feeding distance and rotating angle can be controlled precisely with no deviation. With excellent stability, they rarely lose steps or malfunction during long-hour continuous operation. This ensures consistent bending precision for every pipe and a high finished product yield.

Condition: used, In this offer you purchase a used cutting system "Fotoba FHS42 PW" Object of sale: 1 x Fotoba FHS42 PW suitable for: HP Pagewide Pro XL 10000 Iodpeqmm D Sjfx Afujih HP Pagewide XL 8000 Condition: This offer is a used device, which may show signs of use (minor scratches or yellowing). (minor scratches or yellowing). Packaging and dispatch: You are welcome to view the device during our business hours. Please make an appointment for this! Seaworthy packaging and worldwide shipping available on request! For further information you can of course also contact us personally.

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 1988, functionality: fully functional, Technical Data Grinding/Workpiece Diameter: up to approx. 300 mm (partially up to 350 mm) Grinding Length/Stroke: approx. 550 mm (slide travel) Module range (for hobbing cutter resharpening): min. module approx. 0.5 to max. module approx. 25 Number of flutes: typically 1–99 pieces (depending on tool set) Grinding wheel diameter: approx. 150–300 mm Grinding wheel speed: up to about 2,700 rpm Centre distance (workpiece spindle): typical range 400–800 mm Swivel/Pitch range: e.g. grinding wheel head swivel 0–15° Iodpfx Aoxtiunjfujih Machine weight and space requirement: approx. 4.2–4.9 t weight; space approx. 3 × 2.6 × 2.3 m Electrical data: operating voltage e.g. 380 V three-phase, control 24 V, auxiliary voltage 220 V

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2002, High-quality copy lathe, wood lathe with milling unit, PLC-controlled. A video of the machine in operation can be sent upon request. PLC-controlled wood copy lathe for turning and milling. The machine has two controlled axes: the longitudinal axis and the rotary axis. Input of various feed rates and corresponding lengths for turning, as well as additional divisions and pitches for milling. Multiple programs can be stored for turning and milling operations. Hydraulic copying of a pattern or template. The roughing and copying tools are equipped with fine adjustments. Template adjustment can be made from the front and rear via fine-threaded spindles. The copying length can be divided into up to 6 sections with different feed rates for turning highly contoured workpieces. Drive motor 400V / 3kW with electric motor brake. Two speed stages adjustable via belt drive; within the stages, operation can be continuously adjusted using a frequency inverter. Speed stage 1: 200 - 2000 RPM Speed stage 2: 350 - 3400 RPM Distance between centers approx. 1550mm Copying length with steady rest approx. 1350mm Bed length approx. 2100mm Feed rate continuously adjustable, rapid traverse with safety end-of-travel shut-off. Hydraulic copying slide with V-shaped tool. Spindle with M33 thread and MK3 internal taper. Tailstock MK3 and with quick-release mechanism. Iisdezfwm Nepfx Afuoh Extensive accessories: Ring steady rest with front turning tool and insert guide. Four-jaw steady rest. Four-jaw chuck 125mm. Copying tools, center punches, hexagonal drive, etc. Milling unit with 3kW motor for mounting on the copying slide. 5 milling heads available, only the 16mm collet is missing. CE marking Operating manual V-belt new Original paint, only a few spots have been touched up. Very good condition from a small carpentry shop. The machine obviously was not used for high-volume production. Dimensions approx. 2600 x 1300 x 1300mm (LxWxH). Weight approx. 800kg. The machine can be demonstrated on-site by appointment. We only offer machines that are available in our warehouse and ready for demonstration; see "other offers from this seller".

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2011, functionality: limited functionality, machine/vehicle number: 82110802, travel distance X-axis: 8,000 mm, travel distance Y-axis: 1,300 mm, travel distance Z-axis: 2,000 mm, table width: 1,150 mm, table length: 9,950 mm, rotational speed (max.): 4,000 rpm, rotational speed (min.): 1 rpm, input voltage: 400 V, power: 38 kW (51.67 HP), We are offering this used Kiheung RIGITRAX bed milling machine, manufactured in 2011. Manufacturer: KIHEUNG Model: RIGITRAX Serial number: 82110802 Date of manufacture: 09/08/2011 Ijdpfxjz Ruy Nj Afueih Voltage: 400 V Frequency: 50 Hz Machine hours: Control on = 11,609 hours Machine on = 40,384 hours Program running = 15,962 hours Spindle running time = 14,324 hours (As of 10/26) Further technical data can be found in the attached PDF. Machine loading will be handled by the customer. The machine is currently being disassembled. Its functionality was recorded in a video in week 41. If you have any questions or require further information, please send us a message or call us.

Condition: good (used), Year of construction: 2007, functionality: fully functional, Machine-Details Isdpfx Ajz S Arpefujih Stock-No. 1022-E06374 Type of machine Travelling column milling machine Make CME Type MB-9000 Year of manufacture 2007 Type of control CNC Storage location Spain Country of origin Spain Delivery time Immediately Freight basis Ex site, without dismantling and loading Technical details x-travel 9000 mm y-travel 4000 mm z-travel 1000 mm W-axis (spindle longitudinal) 700 mm spindle diameter 150 mm tool taper ISO 50 DIN-69871 spindle turning speed range 2350 U/min transmission ratio 2 main drive motor 37 kW weight of the machine ca. 125 t Additional information * CNC-control SIEMENS Sinumerik 840 D * 2 rotary tables (hydrostatic) make RÜCKLE, 2500 x 2500 mm, table load 25 to, travel 2000 mm * Coolant equipment (1000 liter) with coolant through spindle 40 bar * Chip conveyor * 90-station automatic toolchanger - max. tool diameter 125 (240) mm - max. tool length 400 mm - max. tool weight 20 kg * several toolholders

Condition: good (used), functionality: fully functional, Year of construction: 2018, control type: CNC control, controller model: Siemens Sinumerik 840D, laser type: fiber laser, laser power: 4,000 W, sheet thickness steel (max.): 20 mm, sheet thickness stainless steel (max.): 14 mm, sheet thickness aluminum (max.): 12 mm, travel distance X-axis: 3,048 mm, travel distance Y-axis: 1,530 mm, travel distance Z-axis: 160 mm, Equipment: documentation/manual, Machine DURMA HD-FL 3015 III – 4 kW Year of manufacture: End of 2018 (as new) Iodjynbbqspfx Afusih — Technical Data • Working area (X-Y-Z): 3060 × 1530 × 160 mm • Max. sheet size: 3048 × 1524 mm • Max. sheet weight: 200 kg/m² Maximum sheet thicknesses: • Mild steel: 20 mm • Stainless steel: 14 mm • Aluminium (AlMg3): 12 mm Dynamics & Precision: • Travel speed X-Y: 200 m/min • Synchronisation speed: 280 m/min • Acceleration: 20 m/s² • Positioning accuracy: ± 0.02 mm • Repeatability: ± 0.1 mm — Standard Equipment • CE-compliant version with shuttle table & light curtain safety system • Siemens SINUMERIK 840D CNC control • Precitec ProCutter cutting head F150 (auto-focus) • Automatic pallet changer system • Automatic sheet inspection (position & size) • Positioning laser diode • Automatic nozzle cleaning • Central lubrication system • Chip conveyor • User interface (power / speed / pressure) • External Metalix CAD/CAM software with autonesting • Illuminated working area • Multi-chamber extraction system • Warning beacon — Special Accessories • IPG 4000 W fiber laser source incl. chiller & compact extraction unit • Motorized chip conveyor • Linear drives for X1, X2, Y axes • Laser service kit • Automatic nozzle changer • Additional Metalix license — Special Arrangements • Roller container for slag & small parts (operator side) • Laser source, chiller & extraction system mounted above the machine • Machine frame to be manufactured by the customer