Used Kraussmaffei Km 650 - 8000 Cm for sale (22,446)

Condition: good (used), Year of construction: 2005, operating hours: 59,000 h, functionality: fully functional, clamping force: 4,200 kN, screw diameter: 60 mm, clearance between the columns: 800 mm, displacement volume: 769 cm³, plate length: 1,200 mm, plate height: 1,270 mm, total length: 6,830 mm, total width: 2,330 mm, total height: 2,480 mm, overall weight: 23,090 kg, Equipment: documentation/manual, KRAUSS MAFFEI KM 420-1900 C2 Stock No.: 503535 Manufacturer: KRAUSS MAFFEI Type: KM 420-1900 C2 Control: MC 4 Year of manufacture: 2005 Operating hours: 59,000 h Lsdpfx Abez Dgcbeyoru Technical data, clamping unit side Clamping force: 4200 kN Tie bar distance h x v: 800 x 800 mm Platen size h x v: 1270 x 1200 mm Minimum mold height: 580 mm Maximum mold thickness: 1300 mm Opening stroke: 720 mm Ejector stroke: 250 mm Ejector force: 95 kN Centering of moving platen D: 200 mm Centering of fixed platen D: 200 mm Tool weight: 6700 kg Technical data, injection side Screw diameter: 60 mm Injection volume: 769 cc Injection pressure: 2200 bar Screw length: 23 l/d Screw speed: 285 min Plasticizing rate: 70 g/s PS Free injection rate: 700 g/s PS Number of heating zones: 6 Dimensions & Weight Machine dimensions L x W x H: 6.83 m x 2.33 m x 2.48 m Total weight: 23090 kg Equipment Screen text in German Hydraulic core pull, 4x Machine without handling system Machine without material hopper Leveling elements Tool heating, 12x

Condition: ready for operation (used), The injection momlding machine corresponds to the hydromechanical two-platen series, clamping force: 550t, operating hours: approx. 80h, with Handling Krauss Maffei KM 250/ LRX-S 250. An on-site inspection is possible, the machine is located in Mexico. Lredozrn Hmjpfx Abyou

Condition: refurbished (used), Year of construction: 2008, functionality: fully functional, Screws ø 90-36D, 45-30D, 45-36D Compact design, one shared control cabinet, approx. 800 kg/h Lredpfx Ajyilykobyeu

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2005, functionality: fully functional, Here we offer a very well maintained constantly serviced injection molding machine complete maintenance by manufacturer until current Injection molding machine Krauss-Maffei KM 65-160 C2 Injection molding machine: Manufacturer / Type: Krauss-Maffei KM65 160 C2 Serial No.: 61007063 Year of manufacture: 2005 Control system: MC4 complete annual maintenance by the manufacturer clamping unit: clamping force: 650kN /65 tons tie bar distance: 405 x 405mm mold installation height min.: 250mm Lrsdpfxsh Dp R Ej Abyju platen distance max.: 750mm Clamping platens standard: 610 x 610mm ejector stroke: 150mm core pull: 1 x pcs. Injection unit Injection unit size / cylinder ø: 160 / cylinder ø25mm and cylinder ø18mm Shot weight max (ø25): 47g/PS Injection flow: 63cm³/sec Spec. injection pressure: max. 2500 bar Handling interface: Euromap 12 Inking interface: Yes Dimensions & weights: Weight with control cabinet: 3.8 t Length: 3800mm Width (machine only): 1050mm Height: 1890mm Oil filling: 270 L Location: Hannover / Lower Saxony The machine is very well maintained and can be inspected under power. Peripherals that may be pictured are NOT part of the offer! The machine is available now in our warehouse free loaded on truck of the buyer or free to the door against freight reimbursement

Condition: good (used), Year of construction: 2000, operating hours: 77,000 h, functionality: fully functional, clamping force: 2,000 kN, screw diameter: 50 mm, Type: KM 200-700 C2 (CLEAN ROOM) Year: 2000 Screw ø: 50 mm Operating hours: 77,000 h With accumulator Euromap 12 Injection pressure: 1,892 bar Island distance: 560 x 560 mm Lrsdpfx Abjwm Ifnjyou Molding table size: 915 x 915 mm Min tool: 350 mm Opening path: 700 mm Daylight: 1,050 mm

Condition: good (used), Year of construction: 2008, For sale is an injection molding machine from Krauss Maffei, type KM 110-380. The machine is in good to very good condition; all maintenance and inspections have been carried out. Technical data: Year of manufacture: 2008 Extended tie bars Pneumatic nozzle shut-off 2x hydraulic core pull 31,000 operating hours Ljdpfx Absibyatsysru Cylinder diameter: 35 mm Clamping force: 1100 kN Mold opening force: 70 kN Euromap63 interface for version > 1-04-09 Nitrogen accumulator available Included components: Wedge shoes with screws and nuts Double-end wrench Declaration of conformity for the complete control cabinet Certificate USB memory stick Ejector coupling – mechanical, included in the control cabinet All prices are plus VAT. Machine buying and selling BUYING / SELLING PRODUCTION & METALWORKING MACHINES, AMONG OTHERS. Do you need a high-quality, but affordable, metalworking machine for your production? Or would you like to sell yours? For more information or to contact us, please visit our website.

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2005, Injection molding machine Manufacturer: Krauss Maffei Type: KM350 /1900 C2 Year of manufacture: 2005 Clamping force: 3,500 kN Tool opening force: 220 kN Driving force of moving platen: opening: 105 kN closing: 95 kN Platen size (h x v): 1,060 x 1,095 mm Clearance (h x v): 710 x 710 mm Tool opening stroke: 920 mm Minimum tool installation height: 380 mm Opening width: 1,300 mm Ejector stroke: 250 mm Ejector force forward/backward: 95 / 48 kN Pump motor: 75 kW Installed heating capacity: 30 kW Control zones for cylinder heating: 6 Dry cycle rate: 1,550 1/h Oil capacity: 720 l Dimensions and weights: Net weight with control cabinet: approx. 16.0 tons L/W/H: 6,510 x 2,040 x 2,380 mm Maximum tool weight: 4,780 kg Injection unit: Working capacity: 1900 Screw diameter: 70 mm Ledpfxsxu Uvae Abyeru Injection pressure: 1,778 bar Displacement: 1,047 cm3 Shot weight for PS: 953 g Injection flow rate: 527 cm3/s Screw speed standard / option: 1/min. 285/349 Screw speed standard or stage 1: 95 PS Screw speed option or stage 2: 117 PS Nozzle system force: 82 kN Fully hydraulic 2-platen clamping system PV control for injection unit MC4 32-bit microprocessor control Integrated control panel with TFT color screen and Floppy disk drive (3.5 inch) for data backup Plasticizing: 1 complete thermoplastic plasticizing unit in wear-resistant design, screw diameter 70 mm with backflow preventer and open nozzle Nozzle radius: 15.00 mm Nozzle bore: 6.00 mm 191026ä

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2007, operating hours: 81,000 h, Technical Data Year of manufacture: 2007 Clamping side Clamping force: 1300 t Opening stroke/installation height max.: 2300 mm Distance between clamping plates max.: 4000 mm Tool installation height min./max.: 1000 - 1700 mm Clamping plate max. height: 1910 mm Tool size min.: 1000 - 1700 mm Distance between tie bars: 1500 mm Nozzle radius: R40 mm Tool weight: 29000 kg Lodpfoz Rmrdsx Abyjru Ejector stroke: 350 mm Injection side Screw diameter: 135 mm Injection volume: 8588 cm³ Injection pressure: 1390 bar Injection weight: 7729 g/shot Core pulls AWS/DS: 1/1 Needle gate pneumatic: 1 The machine is supplied with a Kuka robot and can be inspected during production.

Condition: ready for operation (used), Year of construction: 2007, functionality: fully functional, clamping force: 9,500 kN, screw diameter: 120 mm, ejector stroke: 300 mm, opening stroke: 1,900 mm, TECHNICAL DETAILS Lrodpexup Siefx Abyou Clamping force: 9,500 kN Opening force: 665 kN Tie bar distance: 1,400 x 1,150 mm Clamping plates: 1,960 x 1,710 mm Opening stroke: 1,900 mm Min. mould height: 500 mm Max. mould height: 1,200 mm Max. opening width: 2,400 mm Ejector stroke: 300 mm High-performance screw HPS-UN, diameter: 120 mm Nozzle radius: 30 mm Nozzle opening: 12 mm Screw diameter: 120 mm Shot weight (HDPE): 5,420 g Shot volume: 7,634 cm³ Specific injection pressure: 2,257 bar MACHINE DETAILS Dimensions & Weight Dimensions (L x W x H): 12,770 x 3,420 x 2,750 mm Machine weight: 61.5 t

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2005, operating hours: 70,000 h, clamping force: 1,600 kN, displacement volume: 4,546 cm³, injection pressure: 1,778 bar, overall weight: 89,000 kg, screw conveyor diameter: 105 mm, terms of delivery: EXW (ex Works) delivery time: on request terms of payment: 100% prior to delivery Lrodpe Aarg Rsfx Abyeu

Condition: ready for operation (used), Year of construction: 2007, functionality: fully functional, clamping force: 9,500 kN, screw diameter: 120 mm, ejector stroke: 300 mm, opening stroke: 1,900 mm, TECHNICAL DETAILS Clamping force: 9,500 kN Opening force: 665 kN Tie bar distance: 1,400 x 1,150 mm Clamping plates: 1,960 x 1,710 mm Opening stroke: 1,900 mm Min. mould height: 500 mm Max. mould height: 1,200 mm Max. opening width: 2,400 mm Ejector stroke: 300 mm High-performance screw HPS-UN, diameter: 120 mm Nozzle radius: 30 mm Nozzle opening: 12 mm Lredpfx Abey T H A Eoyju Screw diameter: 120 mm Shot weight (HDPE): 5,420 g Shot volume: 7,634 cm³ Specific injection pressure: 2,257 bar MACHINE DETAILS Dimensions & Weight Dimensions (L x W x H): 12,770 x 3,420 x 2,750 mm Machine weight: 61.5 t

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2010, operating hours: 54,872 h, functionality: fully functional, clamping force: 2,500 kN, screw diameter: 55 mm, displacement volume: 570 cm³, total length: 6,500 mm, total width: 2,200 mm, total height: 2,300 mm, overall weight: 15,000 kg, Equipment: documentation/manual, KRAUSS MAFFEI KM 250-1400 CX Stock No.: 503243 Manufacturer: KRAUSS MAFFEI Type: KM 250-1400 CX Control System: MC5 Year of Manufacture: 2010 Operating Hours: 54872 h Technical Data – Clamping Unit Ljdpfx Aez A Uhiebyoru Clamping Force: 2500 kN Tie Bar Spacing (horizontal x vertical): 630 x 630 mm Platen Size (horizontal x vertical): 995 x 1050 mm Minimum Mold Thickness: 330 mm Maximum Mold Thickness: 1150 mm Opening Stroke: 820 mm Ejector Stroke: 200 mm Ejector Force: 58 kN Centering of Moving Platen Diameter: 160 mm Centering of Fixed Platen Diameter: 160 mm Tool Weight: 3430 kg Technical Data – Injection Unit Screw Diameter: 55 mm Injection Volume: 570 ccm Injection Pressure: 2387 bar Screw Length: 22 l/d Screw Speed: 260 rpm Plasticizing Rate: 49 g/s PS Number of Heating Zones: 6 Dimensions & Weight Machine Dimensions (LxWxH): 6.5m x 2.2m x 2.3m Total Weight: 15000 kg Equipment 2x Temperature Control Units for Hot Runner System Screen Text in German CEE Socket 16A Pressure Accumulator for Increased Injection Performance + Ejector or Core Pull parallel Hydraulic Core Pull 1x Air Valve 4x Machine with Material Hopper Machine with Water Battery Machine without Handling System Leveling Elements EUROMAP 12 Interface EUROMAP 67 Handling Interface USB Interface Schuko Socket 10A Low-Wear Plasticizing Unit

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2007, machine/vehicle number: 4801250 / PH06 11 005, functionality: fully functional, input voltage: 400 V, input frequency: 50 Hz, overall weight: 55,000 kg, year of last overhaul: 2024, clamping force: 3,000 kN, mold height (min.): 1,000 mm, plate length: 2,800 mm, plate width: 2,200 mm, Equipment: CE marking, documentation/manual, For sale is a KraussMaffei LFI shuttle mould carrier for polyurethane processing and backfoaming of large-format components. The system was designed for PU moulding and LFI applications and features a hydraulic clamping unit with a movable lower mould mounting platen. Technical data: Manufacturer: KraussMaffei Type: FT-R-H-25-20-3600.0°.65° Year of manufacture: 2007 KM order number: 39000233 Control system: Siemens S7 Clamping force: 3,000 kN Opening force: 800 kN Parallel stroke: 600 mm Mould mounting platens: 2,500 x 2,000 mm Minimum mould height: 1,000 mm Maximum mould height: 1,500 mm Maximum total mould weight: 10,000 kg Maximum upper mould weight: 5,000 kg Upper mould mounting platen pivotable up to 90° Machine weight: approx. 55,000 kg Operating voltage: 400 V Lrodpjz Dn Ixefx Abyju Scope of supply: LFI shuttle mould carrier Hydraulic units Control unit Shuttle / traversing unit Production moulds and temperature control units are not included in the scope of supply. Extensive original KraussMaffei documentation is available, including operating manuals, technical drawings, electrical diagrams and spare parts documentation. The machine is fully functional. Inspection under power is possible by prior appointment. The machine is located in the Hamburg area, Northern Germany. The exact location will be provided to qualified prospective buyers. Dismantling, loading and transport are to be carried out by the buyer. Further technical documentation, drawings and photographs are available upon request. Subject to availability.

Condition: excellent (used), Manufacturer: KRAUSS MAFFEI Type: KM 120-380 EX Control: MC5 Year of manufacture: 2008 Operating hours: 10113 h Technical data, clamping unit Clamping force: 1200 kN Tie bar spacing h x v: 470 x 470 mm Platen size h x v: 780 x 735 mm Minimum mold height: 200 mm Maximum mold height: 450 mm Maximum mold thickness: 850 mm Opening stroke: 400 mm Ejector stroke: 150 mm Ejector force: 22 kN Centering of moving platen D: 160 mm Centering of fixed platen D: 125 mm Tool weight: 1485 kg Lrodozyn Igspfx Abyju Technical data, injection unit Screw diameter: 35 mm Injection volume: 156 cc Injection pressure: 2429 bar Screw length: 23 l/d Screw speed: 289 rpm Plasticizing rate: 27 g/s PS Injection rate into free air: 477 g/s PS Number of heating zones: 5 Dimensions & Weight Machine dimensions L x W x H: 6 m x 1.7 m x 2.19 m Total weight: 9700 kg Equipment • Screen display in German • Screen display in English • CEE socket 16A • Hydraulic core pull, 2x • Machine with water manifold • Machine without material hopper • Leveling elements • EUROMAP 12 interface • Schuko socket 10A

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2006, functionality: fully functional, KRAUSS MAFFEI 1000 INJECTION MOLDING MACHINE Brand: Krauss Maffei Model: KM 1000 - 8100 MX Clamping force: 1000 tons Plasticizing capacity: 144 g/s Injection volume: 5453 cm3 Screw diameter: 115 mm Horizontal column spacing: 1400 mm Vertical column spacing: 1150 mm Platen width: 1960 mm Platen height: 1710 mm Lrodpfjzg Uzyjx Abyju Minimum/maximum thickness: 500/1200 mm Year: 2006

Condition: good (used), Year of construction: 2002, 1,0 St. gebr. Spritzgießmaschine Hersteller: KRAUSS MAFFEI Typ: KM575-1900C2 Baujahr: 2002 Schließkraft: 575 Tonnen Holmabstand 1000 x 1097 mm Schnecken DN: 70 mm Lsdpfxsyak Hto Abysru Max. Hubvolumen: 1.097 cm³ Spritzteilgewicht: 998 g/PS Steuerung: MC4 Ausstattung: 5 St. Kernzug Roboter, Hersteller: Reis, Baujahr: 2015 24- Fach Heisszonenkanalregelung Förderband Schutzzaun

Condition: ready for operation (used), Year of construction: 1999, operating hours: 82,539 h, clamping force: 8,000 kN, screw diameter: 105 mm, Hydraulic injection moulding machine manufactured in 1999. This Krauss Maffei KM800-5700 MC features a clamping force of 8000 kN and an injection unit size of 5700. It has a maximum mould height of 1,100 mm and an opening stroke of 1,400 mm. If you are looking to get high-quality moulding capabilities, consider the Krauss Maffei KM800-5700 MC machine we have for sale. Contact us for further details. • Clamping Force: 8000 kN • Injection Unit Size: 5700 • Screw Diameter: 105 mm • Number of Hydraulic Core Pulls: 4 • Air Valve: 1 (AS) • Operating Hours: Approx. 82,540 h • Mould Height (Min.): 600 mm • Mould Height (Max.): 1,100 mm • Opening Stroke: 1,400 mm • Platen Dimensions: 1,300 × 1,300 mm • Tie Bar Distance (Horizontal): 1,120 mm • Tie Bar Distance (Vertical): 1,000 mm • Centering Ring Diameter: 250 mm Lsdpfsznuxhsx Abyoru • Water Circuits: 8 per Platen • Service History: Inspected and Pump Connections Sealed by Krauss Maffei in 2025 • Machine Condition: Operational • Conveyor Belt: optional • Handling System: optional

Condition: like new (used), overall weight: 6,400 kg, maximum load weight: 650 kg, load capacity: 500 kg, Vertical basket bottom discharge reconditioned centrifuge with scraper on inertia plate Type KM 125 manufactured by KRAUSS MAFFEI. AISI 316L wetted parts. Suspension: Rigid type centrifuge on inertia plate. Lid: with 3 manual opening closures, lid opening by means of a hydraulic piston (includes hydraulic power unit), a flat sight glass, an inclined sight glass, cake scraper, N2 inlet fittings and with washing tube and loading tube connections Transmission: 37 kW ATEX electric motor Lrsdpfxsrrwdbs Abyeu Securities: pneumatic lid opening safety piston, lid safety piston detector. lid open detector. detector for tachometer on machine and motor (includes connection box)

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2008, operating hours: 49,673 h, functionality: fully functional, clamping force: 800 kN, screw diameter: 35 mm, displacement volume: 156 cm³, plate length: 740 mm, plate height: 640 mm, total length: 5,350 mm, total width: 1,700 mm, total height: 2,000 mm, overall weight: 6,500 kg, Equipment: documentation/manual, KRAUSS MAFFEI KM 80-380 EX Stock No.: 503232 Manufacturer: KRAUSS MAFFEI Type: KM 80-380 EX Control: MC5 Year of manufacture: 2008 Operating hours: 49673 h Technical data, clamping unit side Clamping force: 800 kN Tie bar spacing, horizontal x vertical: 520 x 420 mm Platen size, horizontal x vertical: 640 x 740 mm Minimum mold thickness: 300 mm Maximum mold thickness: 790 mm Ejector stroke: 100 mm Ejector force: 22 kN Ledpez Az Rdjfx Abyoru Centering of moving platen, diameter: 125 mm Centering of fixed platen, diameter: 125 mm Technical data, injection side Screw diameter: 35 mm Injection volume: 156 cc Injection pressure: 2429 bar Screw length: 23 l/d Screw speed: 477 rpm Free injection flow rate: 289 g/s Number of heating zones: 5 Dimensions & Weight Machine dimensions, length x width x height: 5.35 m x 1.7 m x 2 m Total weight: 6500 kg Equipment Screen text in German CEE socket 16A Air valve 1x Machine with material hopper Machine with water manifold Leveling elements EUROMAP 67 Handling interface USB interface Schuko socket 10A Tool heating 24x

Condition: ready for operation (used), Year of construction: 2005, operating hours: 60,000 h, functionality: fully functional, clamping force: 9,500 kN, screw diameter: 105 mm, clearance between the columns: 1,400 mm, displacement volume: 4,546 cm³, injection pressure: 1,778 bar, injection weight: 4,137 g, Clamping force 950 kN Mould opening force, max. 665 kN Travel force movable platen opening 112 kN Travel force movable platen closing 117 kN Size of mould platens (h x v) 1960 x 1710 mm Distance between tie bars (h x v) 1400 x 1150 mm Mould opening stroke 1800 mm Mould height min/max 600/1200 mm Max. daylight 2400 mm Injection unit: Screw diameter 105 mm Ls/D ratio 23 Injection pressure 1778 bar Stroke volume 4546 ccm Shot weight (PS) 4137 gr. Lrsdpfx Absx Hz I Njyou Injection rate 805 ccm/s Screw speed 126 1/min Plasticising rate max. 147 g/s Nozzle pressure 166 kN Electric and Hydraulic Equipment: Nominal capacity of pump motor 110 kW Installed heating capacity 59 kW Adjustable barrel heating zones 7 Reservoir capacity 1500 ltr. Dimensions and weights: Dimensions of the machine ca. 12,00 x 3,50 x 3,00 m Total machine weight 67000 kg Max. mould weight 20300 kg

Condition: ready for operation (used), Year of construction: 2002, functionality: fully functional, machine/vehicle number: 424227, clamping force: 4,200 kN, screw diameter: 80 mm, injection pressure: 1,829 bar, injection weight: 1,304 g, opening stroke: 1,400 mm, TECHNICAL DETAILS Clamping force: 4,200 kN Platen size (H x W): 1,270 x 1,200 mm Tie bar spacing (H x W): 800 x 800 mm Minimum mold height: 380 mm Maximum mold height: 1,020 mm Max. opening stroke: 1,400 mm Screw diameter: 80 mm Shot volume: 1,433 cm³ Shot weight: 1,304 g (PS) Max. injection pressure: 1,829 bar Max. temperature: 375 °C MACHINE DETAILS Supply voltage: 400 V Phases: 3~ Frequency: 50 Hz Total current draw: 237 A Fuse rating: 250 A Pump power: 75 kW Heating power: 36 kW Dimensions & Weight Dimensions (L x W x H): 7.06 x 2.33 x 2.51 m Lrodpsy T Hwijfx Abyju Machine weight: approx. 22,000 kg

Condition: ready for operation (used), Year of construction: 2004, operating hours: 21,000 h, functionality: fully functional, clamping force: 1,250 kN, screw diameter: 40 mm, displacement volume: 217 cm³, injection pressure: 2,377 bar, ejector stroke: 150 mm, opening stroke: 600 mm, total length: 4,480 mm, total width: 1,510 mm, total height: 2,190 mm, overall weight: 6,000 kg, power: 18.5 kW (25.15 HP), Equipment: documentation/manual, In perfect shape. Lsdewlhb Topfx Abyjru

Condition: reconditioned (used), Year of construction: 2006, 160 tons Krauss-Maffei injection moulding machine built in 2006 with Sepro robot and transport-belt. Screw diameter 35 mm, 2 core pullers, 6 hot runner zones. Lsdpeh Dh Duofx Abyeru This machine will be delivered " reconditioned " and can be shown under power !

Condition: excellent (used), Rexroth Voith triple pump for Krauss Maffei, SY2DFE1-20/071/071 KM No. 6268540 KM No. 6441936 R901196471 Lrjdpfezl Dg Nex Abyou

Condition: ready for operation (used), Year of construction: 1999, operating hours: 57,830 h, functionality: fully functional, clamping force: 3,000 kN, screw diameter: 70 mm, displacement volume: 1,047 cm³, Clamping force 3000 kN Lredoy Nk Taopfx Abysu Mould opening force, max. 160 kN Travel force movable platen opening 86 kN Travel force movable platen closing 68 kN Size of mould platens (h x v) 995 x 1050 mm Distance between tie bars (h x v) 630 x 630 mm Mould opening stroke 820 mm Mould height min 330 mm Max. daylight 1150 mm Hydraulic ejector - stroke 200 mm Ejector force 58 kN Injection unit: Screw diameter 70 mm Ls/D ratio 20 Injection pressure 1778 bar Stroke volume 1047 ccm Shot weight (PS) 953 gr. Injection rate 400 ccm/s Screw speed 218 1/min Plasticising rate max. 75 g/s Nozzle pressure 82 kN Electric and Hydraulic Equipment: Nominal capacity of pump motor 55 kW Installed heating capacity 35 kW Adjustable barrel heating zones 6 Reservoir capacity 720 ltr. Dimensions and weights: Dimensions of the machine ca. 6,20 x 2,20 x 2,40 m Total machine weight 12500 kg Max. mould weight 3430 kg Accessories: - Anti vibration pads Additional Options: - 1 x Air valve - 3 x Core pulls - Robot interface according to Euromap 12