Used Deckel Maho Dmc 75 V Linear for sale (42,464)

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2007, functionality: fully functional, total height: 2,400 mm, total width: 2,800 mm, total length: 3,600 mm, overall weight: 5,500 kg, reus 8000 min-1 U/min Weight 5500 kg Year 2007 Control Siemens 840D Dimensions (L/W/H) 3600 x 2800 x 2400 mm travel -x axis 1035 mm travel -y axis 560 mm Laodowm Rqaepfx Akwsh travel -z axis 510 mm

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2016, operating hours: 3,752 h, functionality: fully functional, travel distance X-axis: 1,150 mm, travel distance Y-axis: 700 mm, travel distance Z-axis: 550 mm, rapid traverse X-axis: 42 m/min, rapid traverse Y-axis: 42 m/min, rapid traverse Z-axis: 42 m/min, controller manufacturer: Heidenhain, controller model: 640, rotational speed (max.): 20,000 rpm, overall weight: 9,650 kg, spindle speed (min.): 20 rpm, spindle speed (max.): 20,000 rpm, operating hours of spindle: 1,615 h, coolant supply: 40 bar, spindle nose: SK40, number of slots in tool magazine: 120, input voltage: 400 V, type of input current: three-phase, Equipment: chip conveyor, documentation/manual, rotational speed infinitely variable, Machine in very good technical condition! Lajdpfx Aszaqz Dekwsh

Condition: defective spare-parts repository (used), Year of construction: 2005, operating hours: 38,534 h, functionality: not functional, machine/vehicle number: 29310001024, travel distance X-axis: 750 mm, travel distance Y-axis: 600 mm, travel distance Z-axis: 560 mm, controller model: Heidenhain iTNC530, rotational speed (max.): 18,000 rpm, No reserve price – guaranteed sale to the highest bidder! TECHNICAL DETAILS Laedpfx Ajy Ib H Iekwoh Travel X-axis: 750 mm Travel Y-axis: 600 mm Travel Z-axis: 560 mm Worktable size: 950 x 650 mm Table load: 1,000 kg Spindle speed: 18,000 rpm Number of axes: 3 Tool changer: 30 positions Tool holder: HSK63 MACHINE DETAILS CNC control: Heidenhain iTNC530 Dimensions & Weight Dimensions (L x W x H): 3,500 x 3,000 x 3,200 mm Transport dimensions (L x W x H): 3,500 x 3,000 x 3,200 mm Weight: 10.2 t Operating hours Spindle hours: 38,534 h Operating hours: 98,381 h Note: DMG has measured the clamping force on the machine, which is so low that there is a risk of the tool falling out. The machine has suffered spindle damage. There are various leaks, for example at the chip conveyor or in the door area.

Condition: ready for operation (used), Year of construction: 2004, controller manufacturer: HEIDENHAIN, controller model: iTNC 530, total height: 3,300 mm, total width: 2,900 mm, overall weight: 12,000 kg, product length (max.): 4,100 mm, number of axes: 3, This 3-axis DMG DECKEL MAHO DMU 105 V Linear was manufactured in 2004. It features a robust CNC control system, HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530, and has a machine weight of approximately 12,200 kg. The required installation space is 5,700 × 4,700 mm, making it suitable for various machining tasks. If you are looking to get high-quality machining capabilities, consider the DMG DECKEL MAHO DMU 105 V Linear vertical machining centre we have for sale. Contact us for further details. • Required installation space: 5,700 × 4,700 mm • Operating voltage: 400 V • Frequency: 50 Hz • Rated power: 80 kVA • Rated current: 115 A • Compressed air pressure: 6 bar • External coolant supply: 40 l/min at 2.3 bar • Chip flushing capacity: 100 l/min at 2.3 bar Laedoz S Avuspfx Akweh Additional equipment • Chip conveyor (discharge height: 850 mm)

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2013, x-travel 635 mm y-travel 510 mm z-travel 460 mm Lsdpfx Ajym Dz Rskweah control Sinumerik 840 D SL Siemens turning speed range - main spindle 20 - 10.000 min/-1 power capacity - main spindel 13 / 9 kW tool taper SK 40 DIN 69871 max. Torque 83 / 57 Nm tension force 8 kN table surface area 790 x 560 mm number of T-slots 4 + 1 T-slot - distance 100 mm T-slot - width 4x 14H12 / 1x 14H7 mm max. table load 600 kg table height over floor 720 mm distance spindle nose and table 120 - 580 mm number of toolpositions 30 pos. Max. mould width 80 / (130) mm max. tool length 250 mm max. tool weight 6 kg max. total weight 80 kg change-time tool to tool 1,6 sec change-time chip to chip 6,0 sec rapid traverse 30 m/min feed speeds 1 - 20.000 mm/min Feed force max. 5 kN total power requirement 28 kVA weight of the machine ca. 3,8 t dimensions of the machine ca. 3,5 x 4,0 x 2,7 m CNC - MachiningCenter Vertical DECKEL MAHO - DMC 635 V New Design - ShopMill - WITHOUT perforated plate - WITHOUT clamping device - WITHOUT tools

Condition: good (used), Year of construction: 2011, Machine is in good working condition. Parts shown by hand not come. Lajdpfoz Nx Ubsx Akwjh

Condition: excellent (used), Deckel Maho DMC 100V machining center Lsdpfsz Ehu Uex Akwjah CNC control: Heidenhain Machine in good condition.

Condition: ready for operation (used), Year of construction: 2005, operating hours: 13,305 h, travel distance X-axis: 635 mm, controller manufacturer: HEIDENHAIN, controller model: iTNC 530, spindle speed (max.): 10,000 rpm, number of slots in tool magazine: 20, number of axes: 3, This 3-axis DECKEL MAHO DMC 635 V was manufactured in 2005. It features a HEIDENHAIN iTNC 530 control unit and a 20-position tool changer, providing efficient machining capabilities. With a machine hour count of 39,396 hours, this vertical machining centre represents an opportunity for high-quality machining tasks. If you are looking to get high-quality machining capabilities, consider the DECKEL MAHO DMC 635 V machine we have for sale. Contact us for further details. Laodpoz Du S Rofx Akwjh - Handwheel: Separate handwheel control- Machine Hours: 39,396 h - Programme Run Time: 13,305 h - Apparent Power: 20 kVA- Nominal Current: 28 A Jn max / 35 A- Voltage: 400 V / 230 V / 24 V- Frequency: 50 Hz- Known Defect: Fault with the clamping spring in the spindle- Not included: Chip Conveyor

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2005, operating hours: 35,000 h, functionality: fully functional, travel distance X-axis: 1,100 mm, travel distance Y-axis: 800 mm, travel distance Z-axis: 600 mm, rapid traverse X-axis: 90 m/min, rapid traverse Y-axis: 90 m/min, rapid traverse Z-axis: 90 m/min, feed rate X-axis: 90 m/min, feed rate Y-axis: 90 m/min, feed rate Z-axis: 90 m/min, controller manufacturer: Heidenhain 530i, workpiece length (max.): 1,000 mm, workpiece width (max.): 800 mm, workpiece height (max.): 300 mm, workpiece diameter (max.): 1,050 mm, workpiece weight (max.): 900 kg, table load: 900 kg, overall weight: 14,000 kg, spindle speed (min.): 18,000 rpm, Equipment: chip conveyor, documentation/manual, rotational speed infinitely variable, Very well-maintained 5-axis portal machining center, primarily used for 95% aluminum machining. The machine can be sold immediately. • Rapid traverse and feed rate: 90 m/min • Acceleration: 9 m/s² • HSK 63A / 18000 rpm • External nozzles / internal coolant system / air / 1000L coolant tank Laedpfszbbpzsx Akweh • Chip conveyor, can be inserted from either side • 5 axes simultaneous • 60 tool positions in the tool changer • Blum laser / dial indicator • Brandkamp collision protection system • Indunorm pallet changer, 300 kg capacity • Plans and operating manuals for the machine and all other components • Includes 3 pallets, size 600 x 800 (since 2016) • Spindle overhauled in 2023, see attached document • Pallet transfer with Partool system (since 2016) + pallets • All axes with linear drives • Machine serviced annually, wear parts replaced

Condition: good (used), Year of construction: 1998, Deckel Maho DMC 103V Year of manufacture: 1998 Control system: - Siemens 810D Main spindle: - max. 8,000 rpm Travel distances: Lasdpfx Akez Iyqasweh - X-1000, Y-600, Z-600 mm Work table: - Clamping area 1200 x 600 mm - max. table load 800 kg Tool changer: - 24 magazine slots Availability: - Immediate

Condition: good (used), Year of construction: 2008, Ref. -No.: 10660 Manufacturer: DECKEL MAHO Type: DMC 835 V Year of construction: 2008 Type of control: CNC Laodpezw Txfjfx Akwoh Control: Siemens 840D mit Shopmill Storage location: Halberstadt Country of origin: Germany X-Travel: 835 mm Y-Travel: 510 mm Z-Travel: 510 mm Main spindle drive power: 14 kW Table Dimensions (Lengthxwidth): 1000 x 560 mm Table Load: 800 kg Tool Taper: SK 40 Numbers Of Tools In Magazin: 20 Turning Speeds: 10000 RPM Max. Workpiece Weight: 4,5 t Further information: - Chip conveyor - Handwheel The machine can be inspected while powered on by prior arrangement.

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2011, x-travel 835 mm y-travel 510 mm z-travel 510 mm distance spindle nose and table 120 - 630 mm control iTNC 530 ERGOLine Heidenhain turning speed range - main spindle 20 - 10.000 min/-1 power capacity - main spindel 13 / 9 kW tool taper SK 40 DIN 69871 max. Torque 130 / 87 Nm table surface area 1.000 x 560 mm max. table load 800 kg number of T-slots 5 T-slot - width 14 mm T-slot - distance 100 mm number of toolpositions 20 pos. max. tool diameter 80 mm max. tool-dia with free toolbox 130 mm max. tool length 250 mm max. tool weight 6,0 kg rapid traverse ( X / Y / Z ) 30 m/min feed speeds 1 - 20.000 mm/min total power requirement 23 kVA weight of the machine ca. 4,0 t dimensions of the machine ca. 4,5 x 3,5 x 2,7 m CNC - MachiningCenter Vertical DECKEL MAHO - DMC 835 V New Design Ledex R Em Dopfx Akweah - 20,796h operating hours, 7,544h spindle hours

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2007, x-travel 1350 mm y-travel 560 mm z-travel 510 mm Control Heidenhain iTNC 530 Laedpfx Akszlb Dfowsh total power requirement 13 kW weight of the machine ca. 5 t

Condition: ready for operation (used), Year of construction: 2006, travel distance X-axis: 1,040 mm, travel distance Y-axis: 600 mm, travel distance Z-axis: 500 mm, controller manufacturer: HEIDENHAIN, controller model: iTNC 530, total height: 2,800 mm, total width: 2,450 mm, table load: 800 kg, overall weight: 8,800 kg, spindle speed (max.): 12,000 rpm, number of slots in tool magazine: 30, product length (max.): 4,060 mm, number of axes: 3, This 3-axis DMG DECKEL MAHO DMC 104V linear was manufactured in 2006. It features an X-axis travel of 1040 mm, Y-axis travel of 600 mm, and Z-axis travel of 500 mm. The machine includes a robust table size of 1250 x 600 mm and a maximum table load of 800 kg. If you are looking to get high-quality machining capabilities, consider the DMG DECKEL MAHO DMC 104V linear vertical machining centre we have for sale. Contact us for further details. • Table size: 1250 × 600 mm • Condition: Good working condition • Note: Machine was purchased as retrofitted from DMG in 2011 and spindle was replaced for a new one in the past. Additional equipment • Electrical cabinet air conditioning • Spindle temperature control • Internal mist separator for the working area • Workpiece probe Lasdpezvxb Nefx Akwsh Technical Specification Taper Size SK 40

Condition: good (used), Year of construction: 2001, functionality: fully functional, machine/vehicle number: 28820005482, travel distance X-axis: 1,000 mm, travel distance Y-axis: 800 mm, travel distance Z-axis: 500 mm, feed rate X-axis: 50 m/min, feed rate Y-axis: 50 m/min, feed rate Z-axis: 50 m/min, rapid traverse X-axis: 50 m/min, rapid traverse Y-axis: 50 m/min, rapid traverse Z-axis: 50 m/min, Equipment: documentation/manual, Dear Sir or Madam, We are selling a DMC 100 V hi-dyn machining center in good condition. Unfortunately, the year of manufacture is not written down, but we suspect it was 2001. Please see the pictures for further details; we are of course happy to answer any questions you may have. The system can be viewed with power on. The buyer must organize collection with a suitable truck. Laodpovx N Shefx Akwjh The system can be dismantled and removed by either the buyer or us (for an additional fee of €1,500).

Condition: ready for operation (used), Year of construction: 2003, operating hours: 14,085 h, travel distance X-axis: 650 mm, travel distance Y-axis: 500 mm, travel distance Z-axis: 500 mm, controller manufacturer: HEIDENHAIN, controller model: TNC 426, spindle speed (max.): 18,000 rpm, number of slots in tool magazine: 30, number of axes: 3, This 3-axis DECKEL MAHO DMC 65 V was manufactured in 2003. It features a spindle speed of 18,000 rpm and a tool changer capacity of 30 positions, enhancing its operational efficiency. The machine is equipped with a Heidenhain TNC 426 control system and optional equipment such as tool measurement and an automatic 3D probe. If you are looking to get high-quality machining capabilities, consider the DECKEL MAHO DMC 65 V vertical machining centre we have for sale. Contact us for further details. Lsdpozza Eajfx Akweah - Optional Equipment: Tool measurement, Automatic 3D probe, Chip conveyor, External cooling system- Operating Hours (Power-on / Program Run): 52,067 h / 14,085 h- Electrical Connection: 230V / 1A (Auxiliary)- Known Defects: Sensor for control cabinet ventilation does not always turn on; spindle collet seizes after ~3 weeks of inactivity (loosens after ~200 cycles of clamping/releasing, works flawlessly in continuous operation)

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2012, x-travel 630 mm y-travel 800 mm z-travel 750 mm control SIN 840D sl Siemens B - axis 360 x 0,001 ° A - axis -200 -- +25 x 0,001 ° spindle turning speed - stepless 20 - 18.000 U/min power capacity at 100 % load 28,00 kW power capacity at 40 % load 34,00 KW max. torque at 40% / 100% load 110 / 84 Nm tool taper HSK 63 feed X/Y/Z/-axis 1 - 100.000 mm/min rapid traverse X/Y/Z 100,00 m/min feed capacity X/Y/Z 9 / 6 / 9 kN feed B-axis 1 - 14.400 °/min feed A-axis 1 - 7.200 °/min size of pallet 2x 500 x 500 mm workpiece weight max. 400 kg max. workpiece diameter 800 mm workpiece height max. 800 mm tool magacine with 63 diameter of tools max. 280 mm Lsdpsvxwxvjfx Akwjah tool length - max. 550 mm weight of tools max. 15,00 kg total power requirement 65,00 kW weight of the machine ca. 14,00 t dimensions of the machine ca. 5,50 x 3,50 x H3,20 m 5-axis machining center with SIEMENS SINUMERIK 840D sl control, mechanical tool breakage control, emulsion mist separator, without chip conveyor and without coolant system.

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2000, functionality: fully functional, Equipment: chip conveyor, CNC Vertical Machining Center DECKEL MAHO DMC 100 V For sale is a CNC-controlled vertical machining center, DECKEL MAHO DMC 100 V, with Heidenhain control. This machine is ideally suited for tool and die making, single-part production, and general CNC milling operations. Technical specifications: Manufacturer: DECKEL MAHO / DMG Type: DMC 100 V Control: Heidenhain Travel distances X/Y/Z: approx. 1000 / 800 / 500 mm Laodpfxszh Hxmo Akwsh Table size: approx. 1250 × 800 mm Max. table load: approx. 1200 kg Tool holder: SK40 / ISO40 Tool changer: 30/60 positions, depending on the model Spindle speed: up to approx. 15,000 rpm Equipment: Heidenhain CNC control Tool changer SK40 tool holder Renishaw measuring probe Coolant system Chip conveyor Condition: Used Machine is complete Inspection under power possible by arrangement.

Condition: ready for operation (used), Year of construction: 2007, travel distance X-axis: 1,035 mm, travel distance Y-axis: 560 mm, travel distance Z-axis: 510 mm, controller manufacturer: HEIDENHAIN, controller model: iTNC 530, spindle speed (max.): 8,000 rpm, spindle motor power: 13,000 W, number of slots in tool magazine: 20, number of axes: 3, This 3-axis DECKEL MAHO DMC 1035 V was manufactured in 2007. It features an X-axis travel of 1,035 mm, Y-axis travel of 560 mm, and Z-axis travel of 510 mm. The machine is equipped with a tool changer that holds 20 positions and operates at a spindle speed of 20–8,000 rpm. If you are looking to get high-quality machining capabilities, consider the DECKEL MAHO DMC 1035 V vertical machining centre we have for sale. Contact us for further details. • Control: Heidenhain iTNC 530, 3D-Path / 3D-Contouring • Rapid traverse: 30 m/min • Main drive: AC 13/9 kW • Tool taper: ISO 40 / SK40 DIN 69871 • Tool clamping: DIN 69872 Laodpfxszv Sylo Akwsh • Tool changer: 20 positions, SK40, double gripper • Table size: 1,200 × 560 mm • Measuring system: Direct measuring system X/Y/Z with air purge • Coolant / air blast: Switchable via M-function at spindle nozzles • Operation mode: Process monitoring with manual intervention • Software: Smart TNC incl. DZF and engraving cycle • Data communication: DMG Netservice Euro ISDN • Operating hours: 24,915.5 h (control ON) / 12,002.7 h (spindle ON) Technical Specification Taper Size ISO 40

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2007, x-travel 635 mm y-travel 510 mm z-travel 460 mm control iTNC 530 Heidenhain power capacity - main spindel 13 / 9 kW turning speed range - main spindle 20 - 10.000 min/-1 Torque 83 / 57 Nm tool taper SK 40 tension force 10 kN table surface area 790 x 560 mm Lasdpfxsyaci Hs Akwsh number of T-slots 4 + 1 T-slot - width 4 x 14H12 / 1 x 14H7 mm T-slot - distance 100 mm max. table load 600 kg table height over floor 720 mm number of toolpositions 30 pos. max. tool diameter 80 mm max. tool-dia with free toolbox 130 mm max. tool length 300 mm max. tool weight 6 kg Total weight, approx. max. 60 kg feed speeds max. 20.000 mm/min Feed force 5 kN input unit 0,01 mm rapid traverse 30 m/min total power requirement 20 kVA weight of the machine ca. 4,1 t dimensions of the machine ca. 4,5 x 4,0 x 2,8 m CNC-Machining Center Vertikal DECKEL MAHO - DMC 635 V - Spindle-Runtime only approx. 7.883h - Power-On approx. 23.023h

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2009, x-travel . mm y-travel . mm z-travel . mm control SIemens type 840 D ECOLINE Shopmill Tool changer 30 Fach dimensions of the machine ca. . m Workpiece width: Max. 550 mm Workpiece length: Max. 1300 mm Workpiece height: Max. 600 mm The tech. Data are manufacturer or operator information and therefore non- binding. We reserve the right to prior sale; Our terms and conditions of sale apply exclusively. About us More than 400 of our own machines in stock Over 15,000 m² of storage space, 70 t crane capacity More than 10,000 items and accessories for your workshop If you are interested in selling machines, production lines, or your business, please contact us. You can find further offers on our website. Tours are possible by appointment. We look forward to your visit. Your Markus Hirsch Team Ljdpfxezdu Tdo Akweah

Year of construction: 2006, condition: ready for operation (used), Travel X/Y/Z: 835mm/510mm/510mm, speed: 12000rpm, spindle power: 14kW, table dimensions X/Y: 1000mm/560mm, table load capacity: 800kg, max. workpiece height: 720mm. Tool positions: 20, tool holder: SK40, max. tool diameter: 80mm/130mm, max. tool length: 250mm, rapid traverse: 30m/min, feed: 20m/min. Machine dimensions X/Y/Z: approx. 3500mm/3500mm/2700mm, weight: approx. 4500kg, control: Heidenhain iTNC 530, operating hours: 112962h, spindle hours: 30702h. Including chip conveyor, IKZ, distance measuring system. Documentation available. On-site inspection is possible. Laodpfx Akjv H Dgpswsh

Condition: ready for operation (used), Year of construction: 2013, travel distance X-axis: 630 mm, travel distance Y-axis: 800 mm, travel distance Z-axis: 850 mm, controller manufacturer: SIEMENS, controller model: 840 D, table width: 500 mm, table length: 500 mm, spindle speed (max.): 18,000 rpm, spindle motor power: 20,000 W, number of slots in tool magazine: 303, number of axes: 4, This DMG DMC 60H Linear Horizontal Machining center was manufactured in the year 2013 and has 46048 production hours. It is equipped with a Siemens 840 D control unit and has 4 axis. The machine has a spindle speed of 18000 rpm. See original delivery note as PDF (German) attached to see all technical positions. Additional equipment • Scraper belt chip conveyor with coolant system 980 liter, paper belt filter, discharge height 950 mm, width 380 mm, IKZ 80 bar / 14 l/min through spindle center (AD), pressure infinitely programmable, selectable via NC program, Roof flushing of the working area 180 l/min via flushing nozzles with a ripple valve • Rotating viewing window / work area door • Flushing gun with pump Ljdpfx Aksyi Ekfjwjah • Double gripper • Wheel magazine • NC rotary table Ø 630 mm • 3D path control Machine Benefits Qualitative Machine Benefits • Mcis tdi tool management (module tdi machine) - overview , tool handling, planning • Extraction mechanical and electrical preparation for oil mist extraction • Tool breakage check mechanical design Technical Machine Benefits • Number of pallets: 12 // round pallet storage: rs 12 • Rotary pallet changer // work table with pallet support // permissible load: 600 kg // 2 pallets 500 x 500 mm with t-slots // pallet management // pallet changer cladding // claw flushing pallet • Cooling through the spindle center: 80 bar • Tool magazine: wheel magazine (5 wheels) with 303 magazine slots hsk a63 • Infrared measuring probe renishaw pp60 optical (omp60) hsk-a 63 • Mpc machine protection control (machine protection through rapid shutdown) • Laminated glass safety pane for right-hand cabin door window Extra Information Documentation and Electrical circuit diagram (German) available

Condition: good (used), Year of construction: 2001, functionality: fully functional, operating hours: 4,550 h, Controller SIEMENS SINUMERIK 810/840D Table size 800 x 500 mm Table load 500 kg X travel 630 mm Y travel 500 mm Z travel 500 mm Spindle speed 8000 rpm Tool holder type SK40 ATC magazin 24-fold Repid speed 30 m/min Weight 4500 kgs Dimensions LxWxH = 3100 x 2100 x 2400 mm Ljdpfx Asy T I Ayekwoah Accessories - Coolant tank - Manuals The machine was used barely. Good condition.

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2003, functionality: fully functional, travel distance X-axis: 1,000 mm, travel distance Y-axis: 850 mm, travel distance Z-axis: 500 mm, controller model: HEIDENHAIN 530, workpiece length (max.): 1,250 mm, workpiece width (max.): 850 mm, workpiece height (max.): 500 mm, workpiece weight (max.): 1,200 kg, table width: 850 mm, table height: 640 mm, table length: 1,250 mm, spindle speed (max.): 18,000 rpm, distance table to spindle center: 700 mm, number of slots in tool magazine: 60, Equipment: chip conveyor, rotational speed infinitely variable, DECKEL MAHO DMC 100V Machine after complete rebuild. Lasdpfx Akex Elxiowoh Spindle overhauled and bearings replaced. Tool measurement laser: BLUM Due to company restructuring, we have for sale: HIGH-SPEED 3-AXIS MACHINING CENTER Manufacturer: DECKEL MAHO Model: DMC 100V LINEAR Control: HEIDENHAIN 530 Year of manufacture: 2003 Table size: 1250x800 mm Travel: X 1000, Y 800, Z 500 mm Workpiece weight: max. 1200 kg Major machine overhaul: 06.2025 Spindle: HSK 63A 18000 rpm Power S1/S2: 15kW/19kW Torque S6 40%ED: 130Nm Tool changer: 60 positions Workpiece probe: HEIDENHAIN Tool probe: BLUM laser Chip conveyor Internal coolant supply (IKZ) Machine in very good condition, after complete overhaul. Regularly serviced. Machine is in continuous operation.