Used Contur Sj-470/1000 S for sale (73,192)

Condition: used, Name: Dosing system for polymers Manufacturer: Alltech Credpfxjvt Sdpe Adhoh Type: Polymat 1000 V7 KD S Year built: 2003 Content: 1000 Liter Conveying / dosing of: Powdered # Chamber: 2 Control: Yes Driving force: 1: 0,55 kW, 12 0,55 kW Model: Horizontal Dimensions: Length 2000 x width 900 x height 1900 mm Empty weight: 1000 kg Technical doc.: Yes Accessories: Dry material dispenser type T09K0007 Condition: Second hand Price: On demand

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2018, functionality: fully functional, Hib Akzent 1000 Model T1060-8 Welding Tongs Control Very good used condition, fully functional. Item location: 75053 Gondelsheim See pictures Shipping by freight carrier or collection Crodpsxmuzmsfx Adheh

Condition: ready for operation (used), Year of construction: 2012, operating hours: 25,243 h, functionality: fully functional, machine/vehicle number: 12030320, travel distance X-axis: 810 mm, travel distance Y-axis: 400 mm, travel distance Z-axis: 500 mm, controller model: Heidenhain TNC 620, spindle speed (max.): 8,000 rpm, TECHNICAL DETAILS Travel X-axis: 810 mm Travel Y-axis: 400 mm Travel Z-axis: 500 mm Table width: 900 mm Table length: 400 mm Spindle speed (max.): 10,000 rpm Number of spindles: 1 Number of tool magazine positions: 23 Tool holder: BT40 MACHINE DETAILS Control unit: Heidenhain TNC 620 Total weight: 3,500 kg Input voltage: 400 V Codpfoyaq Sijx Adhsrh Controller on-time: 25,243 h EQUIPMENT Documentation/manual Continuously adjustable speed Chip conveyor Internal coolant supply: 20 bar Disc wiper in coolant tank Air blast cooling through spindle or external External coolant gun Spiral chip conveyor Centralized lubrication

Condition: used, 2012 De Gouwe Jacketed Stainless Steel Buffer Tank Jacketed Stainless Steel Csdswq Slajpfx Adhorh Year 2012 With ancillary equipment

Year of construction: 2013, condition: used, This machine is used for sharpening circular blades for Eillert slicing machines. The machine is in good working order and ready for use. Crsdpfx Adez H At Ujhjh Please check my other listings.

Condition: like new (used), Year of construction: 2019, functionality: fully functional, -Travel ranges: X-axis: 800mm Y-axis: 800mm Z-axis: 600mm -A-axis swivel range (2 torque motors): +/- 140° -Swivel axis A speed: Max. 50 min-1 -C-axis rotary range (1 torque motor): 360° (continuous) -Rotary table speed: Max. 100 min-1 -Table load: Max. 1000kg -Path control: Heidenhain TNC 640 -Tool holder: HSK-A63 -Spindle speed range, stepless: Max. 18,000 min-1 -Rapid traverse speed: Max. 60m/min -Additional tool magazine: 224 tool positions -Main magazine: 11 tool positions -Max. tool length in changer: 400mm -Max. tool diameter in changer: 130mm -Chip flushing hose -Chip conveyor flushing -Emulsion mist extraction system -Chip conveyor -Protective guard automatic: 840mm opening width -Compressed air supply: Min. 6 bar -Stand-alone cooling unit Credez Iy Swopfx Adhjh -Remote maintenance -Machine weight: 15,500 kg -Tool measurement: Blum Laser -3D machine model -IKZ water cooling: Max. 80 bar -Coolant tank volume: 1100 liters The image is an example.

Condition: used, functionality: fully functional, Year of construction: 2006, machine/vehicle number: CG017, Cutting width: 815 mm Mounting console, bolting: 352 mm Gearbox incl. hydraulic motors Transverse cutting heads incl. round chisel RM8 Hydraulic connection lines consisting of: Crodpfoyk Sfxsx Adhoh Supply/return: approx. 2 m (S25) Leak oil: approx. 2 m (L18) Operating pressure: max. 320 bar Flow rate: max. 250 l/min Application area: rock up to max. 70 MPa Incl. mounting plate for construction machinery technology Suitable for carrier device Liebherr R914

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2005, functionality: unexamined, turning length: 750 mm, turning diameter: 400 mm, spindle speed (max.): 4,200 rpm, spindle motor power: 22,000 W, swing diameter over bed slide: 630 mm, center width: 550 mm, The Saeilo Contur TSL 500 is a used slant-bed lathe, manufactured in 2005 by Trens in Slovakia (Type SBL 500 CNC). It features a 12-position turret with 6 powered stations and a Siemens Sinumerik 810D control system. An identical TSL 500 from 2006 is available at the same location in the Düsseldorf area. Anyone looking for two identical machines for a manufacturing cell can acquire both together. TECHNICAL DATA - Year of manufacture: 2005 - Control system: Siemens Sinumerik 810D - Swing diameter: 630 mm - Turning diameter: 400 mm - Maximum turning length: 750 mm - Distance between centers: 550 mm - Turret: 12-position, with 6 powered stations - Main drive: 22 kW, max. 4,200 rpm EQUIPMENT AND ACCESSORIES - Tsubaki chip conveyor with cable carrier (SRF 040) - Tool holders, stocked - Turning and clamping tools CONDITION During our inspection on October 1, 2026, the machine was not in operation. We are therefore selling it as untested, in its current condition. We recommend an on-site inspection. AREAS OF APPLICATION Suitable for shafts, flanges, and housing components up to 400 mm in diameter, including drilling and milling operations. LOCATION AND PROCEDURE The machine is located in the Düsseldorf area. Inspection is possible by appointment. The buyer is responsible for dismantling, loading, and transport; upon request, we can provide contact details for local transport companies. Price on request. Please feel free to contact us via the contact form. Codpfx Adsz H Ufvsherh

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2006, machine/vehicle number: 76005007 06 0006, turning length: 750 mm, turning diameter: 400 mm, spindle speed (max.): 4,200 rpm, spindle motor power: 22,000 W, overall weight: 5,250 kg, swing diameter over bed slide: 630 mm, center width: 550 mm, The Saeilo Contur TSL 500 is a used inclined-bed lathe, manufactured in 2006. The manufacturer is Trens in Trenčín (Slovakia), where the machine is known as the SBL 500 CNC. The 12-station turret has 6 driven stations, allowing for drilling and milling operations to be performed in a single setup. It is controlled by a Siemens Sinumerik 810D. The machine is located in the Düsseldorf area and was running during our inspection. TECHNICAL DATA - Year of manufacture: 2006 (according to the nameplate) - Control system: Siemens Sinumerik 810D - Swing diameter: 630 mm - Turning diameter: 400 mm - Maximum turning length: 750 mm - Distance between centers: 550 mm - Turret: 12-station, with 6 driven stations - Main drive: 22 kW, max. 4,200 rpm - Machine weight: 5,250 kg (nameplate) EQUIPMENT AND ACCESSORIES - Chip conveyor Tsubaki with cable carrier (SRF 040) - Tool holders, equipped - Turning and clamping tools - Setup tools CONDITION The machine was running during our inspection on October 1, 2026. We can send you short videos of the machine in operation upon request. AREAS OF APPLICATION Suitable for shafts, flanges, and housing parts up to 400 mm in diameter, where transverse drilling or surface machining is to be carried out at the same time. LOCATION AND PROCESSING The machine is located in the Düsseldorf area. Inspections can be arranged by appointment. The buyer is responsible for dismantling, loading, and transport; upon request, we can provide contact information for forwarding companies in the region. Crjdpfx Ajz H Udxsdheh Price on request. Please contact us via the contact form.

Condition: good (used), Code: 0453 Brand: OSAMA Model: S 2 R 1000 - CE Standard Automatic 2 rollers glue spreader for vinyl glue (PVAC), urea glue (UF) and polyurethane glue, for various types of materials like MDF, chipboard, plywood, parquet, composite materials, plasterboards, furniture, panels, doors and various, building sector, sponges, mattresses, papermaking - CE Standard Crodpfxjznkybo Adhsh NEW grinded roller Working width 1000 mm Working height 100 mm Roller diameter 185 mm Feed speed 18 mT/min Motor power 0,5 Hp Work surface height 800 mm Overall dimensions mm 1700 x 780 x 1350 h Weight kg 270

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2009, machine/vehicle number: 97050022, turning length: 550 mm, turning diameter: 350 mm, spindle speed (max.): 3,500 rpm, spindle motor power: 18,500 W, bar passage: 74 mm, The Saeilo Contur MSL 450 is a used CNC turning machine, manufactured in 2009 (first commissioning in 06/2009), equipped with a Siemens Sinumerik 810D control system. It can turn parts with a diameter of up to 350 mm and a length of up to 550 mm, with a bar capacity of 74 mm. This makes it suitable for chuck and bar work in small and medium-sized series. The machine is located in the Düsseldorf area and was operational during our inspection. TECHNICAL DATA - Year of manufacture: 2009 - Control system: Siemens Sinumerik 810D - Maximum turning diameter: 350 mm - Maximum turning length: 550 mm - Bar capacity: 74 mm - Maximum spindle speed: 3,500 rpm - Spindle drive: 18.5 kW - Tailstock: live center, with hydraulic quill actuation EQUIPMENT AND ACCESSORIES - Chip conveyor, Hwang Kang (hinged belt) - Tool holders, fitted - Turning and clamping tools Credpfxsz H Uc Ij Adhsh - Setup tools CONDITION The machine was operational during our inspection on 01.10.2026. We can send you short videos of the machine in operation upon request. AREAS OF APPLICATION Suitable for flanges, bushings, bolts and shafts up to 550 mm in length, for example in mechanical engineering, hydraulics and contract manufacturing. LOCATION AND HANDLING The machine is located in the Düsseldorf area. Inspection is possible by appointment. Disassembly, loading and transport are organized by the buyer; upon request, we can provide you with contact details for freight forwarders in the region. Price on request. Please contact us via the contact form.

Condition: new, functionality: fully functional, turning diameter over cross slide: 240 mm, spindle bore: 58 mm, turning diameter over bed slide: 430 mm, center height: 215 mm, turning length: 760 mm, quill stroke: 127 mm, quill diameter: 58 mm, total length: 1,885 mm, total width: 810 mm, spindle speed (max.): 2,000 rpm, spindle speed (min.): 20 rpm, bed width: 300 mm, overall weight: 1,680 kg, quill mount: MK 4, Equipment: rotational speed infinitely variable, Tip height: 215 mm Center width: 760 mm Spindle bore: 58 mm Csdpju T E Ehofx Adhorh Spindle nose according to DIN 55029 Camlock D6 Motor power: 7.5 kW Spindle speed range: 20-2000 mm Weight approx. 1680 kg Features include infinitely variable speed control Hardened and precision-ground Z-axis guideways Turcite coatings (on mating surface) of the tool and cross slides Manual central lubrication with one pump for longitudinal and cross slides Complete coolant system with rear splash guard and splash guard on the slide Chuck guard Switch rod with 3 adjustable cams Machine light Fixed center point Set of machine mounting plates

Condition: used, Year of construction: 2019, Injection molding machine Demag EL Exis SP 1000/1195-6300, year of manufacture 2019. Cedpszxxhusfx Adherh

Year of construction: 2019, condition: like new (used), functionality: fully functional, Laser Welding Robotic system for welding steel, stainless steel. Scope of supply: 1 x YASKAWA 6-axis robot YASKAWA MH6.(Payload: 6kg, H-Reach:1422mm, Robot Mass: 130kg, 2009.03) 1 x YASKAWA DX100 controller.( 2009.03 ) 1 x IPG YLS-1000 Ytterbium 1kW Laser.(2011.05) 1 x IPG P30 laser welding head with coaxial nozzle and cam.(2018.05) 1 x Cooling water circulation system RIEDEL for laser.(2011) Cjdpfxjh Ad E Ho Adhjrh 1 x Cooling water circulation system Chilly-35-S for optics.(2010). 1 x siegmund table 1200x800.(2019) 1 x IPG Welding Head Alarm Module Box WHAM.(2018.05) 1 x PC for Laser with LaserNet software. Machine can be inspected. Very good condition. Connected, can be tested. Shipping to EU countries is our responsibility and the shipping cost is free.

Condition: ready for operation (used), Year of construction: 2012, functionality: fully functional, machine/vehicle number: 155847, Round grinding machine Knuth RSM 1000, year of manufacture 2012, fully functional, with internal grinding attachment. Condition: fully functional Year of manufacture: 2012 Csdpfx Adezyltmshsrh Location: West Saxony Price: on request Technical data: Manufacturer: Knuth Werkzeugmaschinen GmbH Type: RSM 1000 Serial number: 155847 Power: 9.5 kW Grinding length: 1,000 mm Grinding diameter: up to 320 mm Center height: 180 mm Dimensions: L 3,600 × W 1,650 × H 1,800 mm Machine weight: approx. 3.7 t Equipment: Digital 2-axis position display (DRO) Internal grinding attachment (standard) Steady rest (standard equipment) Central lubrication system Coolant system Description: For sale is a Knuth RSM 1000 round grinding machine, manufactured in 2012, with a digital 2-axis position display. With a grinding length of 1,000 mm and a grinding diameter of up to 320 mm, the machine is suitable for both single-part machining and small-batch production. It comes standard with an internal grinding attachment and a steady rest for machining long workpieces. The machine is fully functional. Inspection and test run possible at the location in West Saxony by appointment. Price: on request Other machines available from site liquidation Takeover of the location negotiable.

Condition: new, functionality: fully functional, turning diameter over cross slide: 620 mm, spindle bore: 153 mm, turning diameter over bed slide: 860 mm, center height: 430 mm, turning length: 3,000 mm, quill stroke: 250 mm, quill diameter: 120 mm, total length: 5,250 mm, total width: 1,700 mm, spindle speed (max.): 680 rpm, spindle speed (min.): 8 rpm, bed width: 510 mm, overall weight: 6,800 kg, quill mount: MK 6, Center height: 430 mm Cjdom E U Ufjpfx Adhsrh Center distance: 3300 mm Spindle bore: 153 mm Spindle nose (DIN 55026) A2-11 Gear stages: 12 Spindle speed range: 8-680 rpm Drive power: 22 kW Weight approx. 6800 kg Features include Rapid traverse in X- and Z-axis Star-delta gearshift Fixed steady rest with rollers (max. clamping range 300 mm) Hardened and precision-ground Z-axis guideways Turcite coatings (on mating surface) of the tool and face slides Foot brake Manual central lubrication Complete coolant system with rear splash guard and splash guard on the slide Sliding chuck guard Switch rod with 4 adjustable cams Machine light Fixed center point Set of machine mounting plates

Condition: new, functionality: fully functional, turning diameter over cross slide: 438 mm, spindle bore: 85 mm, turning diameter over bed slide: 660 mm, center height: 330 mm, turning length: 1,500 mm, quill stroke: 165 mm, quill diameter: 85 mm, spindle speed (max.): 1,500 rpm, spindle speed (min.): 15 rpm, bed width: 400 mm, quill mount: MK 5, Equipment: rotational speed infinitely variable, Tip height: 330 mm Center distance: 1500 mm Spindle bore: 85 mm Spindle nose according to DIN 55029: Camlock D8 Gear stages: 12 Spindle speed range: 15-1500 rpm Drive power: 11 kW Weight approx. 2135 kg Cjdpfsm E Umijx Adherh Features and more: Each gear stage is infinitely variable from 50% to 100% Hardened and precision-ground Z-axis guideways Turcite coatings (on mating surface) of the tool and face slides Manual central lubrication with one pump for longitudinal and cross slides Complete coolant system with rear splash guard and splash guard on the slide Chuck guard Switch rod with 3 adjustable cams Machine light Fixed center point Set of machine mounting plates

Year of construction: 2006, condition: used, Manufacturer: Terlet Model: stirring kettle Crodpfjz E R Hgjx Adhjh Year: 2006 Condition: Used Serial number: 0511170-001-001/002 Stock number: 3423 Capacity: 2 x 1000 liters Heating: thermal oil Infeed height: 1950 mm Outfeed height: 1050 mm Compressed air: 6 - 8 Bar Power: 3 x 400V, 50Hz, 8.6kW (2x) Dimensions: 2900 x 5700 x 2600 mm Weight: 2 x 1500 kg 2x tilting stirring kettles with scraper agitator. Includes Endress + Hauser Promag P flowmeter. Includes Carnitech L25-1-4209 mobile lift for standard containers, year 2006.

Condition: refurbished (used), Year of construction: 2015, functionality: fully functional, rotor diameter: 600 mm, rotor width: 1,000 mm, year of last overhaul: 2026, Shredding mill, heavy-duty version Manufacturer: NEUE HERBOLD, D-74889 Sinsheim Drive: 75 kW Hopper: Conveyor belt hopper Working width: 1000 mm Rotor diameter: 600 mm Year of manufacture 2015, fully overhauled with - new rotor - new hopper - new base frame Csdpfxsz Ak A Es Adhjrh Examples of applications: Shredding of solid lumps, start-up blocks, profiles, beverage crates, boxes, vegetable crates, etc.

Year of construction: 2018, condition: like new (used), OTEC Special Purpose Machine SF 170/270/1000 for Camshaft Bearings For sale is an OTEC special purpose machine for the machining and surface finishing of camshaft bearings. The system is suitable for machining both short and long camshaft bearings and has been designed for industrial series applications. Technical data: Manufacturer: OTEC Machine type: SF 170/270/1000 Application: Machining and surface finishing of camshaft bearings Machine dimensions: • Length: approx. 2,586 mm • Width: approx. 798 mm • Height: approx. 1,785 mm • Loading height: approx. 920 mm Weight: • Machine weight: approx. 1,200 kg • Transport weight: approx. 1,400 kg Electrical connection data: • Voltage: 3 x 400 V • Frequency: 50/60 Hz • Fuse rating: 32 A • Connected load: 12.5 kVA • Max. power consumption: 10 kW Crsdjzb Abxjpfx Adhjh Compressed air connection: • Operating pressure: 6 bar • Connection: DN 7.2 (R 1/4”) Water connections: • Inlet: 3/4” (Ø 16 mm) • Outlet: 1 1/4” (Ø 31 mm) Workpiece dimensions: Long camshaft bearing: • Length: approx. 177.5 mm • Inner diameter: approx. 89 mm Short camshaft bearing: • Length: approx. 89 mm • Inner diameter: approx. 89 mm Special features: • Robust industrial design • Compact footprint • Automated machining process • Suitable for series production • Integrated media connections for compressed air and water Location: Germany Inspection possible by appointment.

Condition: good (used), Year of construction: 2006, functionality: fully functional, Internal article number: 26098 Centrifuge Rösler Z 1000 ASS-2 Turbo Year of manufacture: 2006 Last maintenance performed with service report from 02/2026 The system is fully functional and in good condition. Operating hours according to the maintenance report: approx. 32,000 hours (as of 02/2026) Dimensions (L x W x H): Centrifuge: 110 x 150 x 230 cm Lift pump: 50 x 70 x 80 cm Demineralized water tank: 120 x 240 x 210 cm Codpfx Ajz Dg T Hsdhjrh Please note that you can find the suitable vibratory finishing system among the other offers.

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2014, Vertical machining center HWACHEON Vesta-1000 10K Control system: Heidenhain iTNC 620 Csdpeyliknsfx Adhjrh Year of manufacture: 2014 Internal machine number: 43 Travel distances: X-axis: 1,000 mm Y-axis: 550 mm Z-axis: 500 mm Table size: 1,100 x 502 mm Table load: approx. 700 kg Tool holder: BT 40 Tool magazine: 30 positions Spindle speed: 12,000 rpm Drive power: 18.5 kW Equipment: Chip conveyor Electronic handwheel 4th axis

Condition: ready for operation (used), Year of construction: 2005, travel distance X-axis: 1,020 mm, travel distance Y-axis: 550 mm, travel distance Z-axis: 500 mm, controller manufacturer: MATSUURA, controller model: G Tech 30 i, table width: 550 mm, table length: 1,150 mm, table load: 500 kg, spindle speed (max.): 12,000 rpm, number of slots in tool magazine: 28, number of axes: 3, This 3-axis Matsuura Vplus 1000/40 was manufactured in 2005. It features a travel range of 1020 mm in the X-axis, 550 mm in the Y-axis, and 500 mm in the Z-axis. The machine includes a table size of 1150 x 550 mm and a maximum table load of 500 kg. If you are looking to get high-quality machining capabilities, consider the Matsuura Vplus 1000/40 vertical machining centre we have for sale. Contact us for further details. • Travel X: 1020 mm • Travel Y: 550 mm • Travel Z: 500 mm • Table Length: 1150 mm • Table Width: 550 mm Crsdpfx Ajzwu Stsdheh • Table Load: 500 kg • Spindle Speed: 12,000 rpm • Tool Holder: SK40 / BT40 • Rapid Traverse: 40 m/min • Tool Positions: 28 Technical Specification Taper Size SK 40

Condition: refurbished (used), functionality: fully functional, Year of construction: 1988, machine/vehicle number: 3615/673, input voltage: 400 V, input frequency: 50 Hz, broaching length: 1,000 mm, number of broaching positions: 1, broaching speed: 3 m/min, reverse speed: 3 mm/s, total length: 750 mm, total width: 800 mm, total height: 2,250 mm, -WR 177- Manufacturer: Rausch Model: RS3 /1000 Machine No.: 3615/673 Year of Manufacture: 1988 Weight: 350kg Overhaul: 04/2025 by Wiemers AG General / Technical Data: Unused, partially overhauled, mechanical vertical broaching machine Rausch RS 3 without CE marking Pulling force: 3,000kg Broaching speeds: 3m/min Return speed: 3m/min Maximum stroke: 1000mm Maximum tool length: 1200mm Table size / work area: 430mm x 320mm / 340mm x 220mm Table through-hole: Ø 90mm for standard broaching mandrels "System Rausch" Workpiece diameter: any (with the cabin removed) Broaching capacity / keyway width: up to 18mm in steel (from 16mm keyway width only with offset tool shank) Dimensions (h x w x d): 2,250mm x 800mm x 750mm (h = including 3-sided protective cabin) Crodpfx Asz Hl U Ijdhsh Motor: 3.0kw / Power supply: 400V / 50 Hz Equipment: - Protective door with safety monitoring (emergency stop circuit) - Chip chute - Externally adjustable tool length adjustment system (System Rausch) - Protective cover for stroke adjustment and electrical switching units - Electrical sensing of the clamping jaws (System Rausch) (Tool removal control to prevent unintentional retraction of the drawbar, providing additional safety for the operator & tool) - Integrated coolant system - 4-sided enclosed splash guard hood with protective door - Extra reinforced chip basket and chip sieve with magnet insert - Control panel external - 2 grease points for the trapezoidal spindle drive with manual grease gun directly on the spindle nut Note: The machine has been partially overhauled by Rausch. The following wear parts have been replaced and renewed. - New trapezoidal spindles and spindle nuts made of cast, wear-resistant bronze - All bearings and seals are new - New electrical system - 4-sided enclosed splash guard hood with protective door at the front - New protective door instead of the light barrier in the machine room - New clamping jaws - All sheet metal parts, such as covers, chip chute, basket, sieve and spindle protection, are new. - External control panel General The double spindle drive ensures a smooth and central pulling point as well as a constant broaching speed. The machine is primarily designed for the production of keyways up to 18mm. (from 16mm keyway tools only with offset tool shanks) Due to its design, the machine can be quickly and easily set up for broaching with flat broaching tools for keyways. Due to the structurally universal design of the drawbar and the machine table, broaching with profile and flat broaching tools is possible without the use of additional draw heads.

Condition: excellent (used), Year of construction: 2012, Weinig H1000 moulder with E3 infeed and A3 outfeed mechanisation Weinig Hydromat 1000 with 5 Spindles. (Year 2012) Separate electrical panel Separate remote control panel Automatic lubrication system for bedplates Memory system Full sound enclosure Codpfxjz Eznhj Adhjrh Weinig E3 moulder infeed +pack scissors lift (3000kg). Weinig A3 drop leaf outfeed + pack scissors lift (3000kg) + pack outfeed chain conveyor. WEINIG HYDROMAT 1000 230X160mm maximum dimension No 1. 7.5kw - Bottom 6000rpm + Outboard bearing + Straight jointer No 2. 7.5kw - Right 6000rpm + profile jointer No 3. 7.5kw - Left 6000rpm + profile jointer No 4 . 7.5kw - Top 6000rpm + Outboard bearing + Straight jointer No 5 . 7.5kw - Bottom 6000rpm + Outboard bearing + Straight jointer 50mm spindles Beam 0.55kW Full documentation included. Extraction manifold included. POSSIBLE TO PURCHASE MOULDER OR MECHANISATION SEPARATELY AS NEEDED